{"title":"The photosensitised oxidation of amines. Part IV. The use of aromatic hydrocarbons as sensitisers","authors":"R. Bartholomew, D. Brimage, R. Davidson","doi":"10.1039/J39710003482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/J39710003482","url":null,"abstract":"The photo-oxidation of tertiary amines, but not of primary and secondary amines, is sensitised by aromatic hydrocarbons (anthracene, naphthalene, perylene, and phenanthrene) in acetonitrile. Reaction does not occur in benzene. The reactions are interpreted as occurring via the formation of hydrocarbon radical anions and amine radical cations from the singlet states of the hydrocarbons. Amine radicals, which subsequently react with oxygen to give the products (imines, aldehydes, and secondary amines) may be formed by proton transfer from the amine radical cation to the hydrocarbon anion. Alternatively, proton transfer to the superoxide anion (O2–˙), formed by electron transfer from the hydrocarbon radical anion to oxygen, may occur. Quantum yields for the photoreduction of aromatic hydrocarbons by triethylamine and NN-dimethylaniline are reported.","PeriodicalId":17245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Chemical Society C: Organic","volume":"20 1","pages":"3482-3484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90690840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New metabolites of Gibberella fujikuroi. Part XVII. The partial synthesis of gibberellin A15 norketone from 7-hydroxykaurenolide","authors":"B. E. Cross, I. Gatfield","doi":"10.1039/J39710001539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/J39710001539","url":null,"abstract":"The structure and stereochemistry of gibberellin A15(1) has been confirmed by the synthesis of its norketone (15) from 7-hydroxykaurenolide (5).","PeriodicalId":17245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Chemical Society C: Organic","volume":"44 1","pages":"1539-1541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90718401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jim D. Clark, W. Pendergast, F. S. Yates, A. Cunliffe
{"title":"Heterocyclic studies. Part XV. Synthesis and covalent hydration of pteridine-4-carboxylic acid, -4-carboxamide, and -4-carbonitrile","authors":"Jim D. Clark, W. Pendergast, F. S. Yates, A. Cunliffe","doi":"10.1039/J39710000375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/J39710000375","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrolysis of ethyl pteridine-4-carboxylate gave the corresponding carboxylic acid as a 5,6:7,8-dihydrated species which could not be dehydrated without decomposition. Syntheses of pteridine-4-carboxamide, N-ethylpteridine-4-carboxamide, 6,7-dimethylpteridine-4-carboxamide, and pteridine-4-carbonitrile are described and the covalent hydration behaviour of these compounds is discussed.","PeriodicalId":17245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Chemical Society C: Organic","volume":"25 1","pages":"375-378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90977001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tetramethyl 2,2,4,4-tetramethoxycarbonylcyclobutane-1,3-dimalonate","authors":"C. W. Shoppee, N. W. Hughes, S. Sternhell","doi":"10.1039/J39710003679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/J39710003679","url":null,"abstract":"The structure of the trans-1,3-dimalonate, named in the title, obtained in the self-condensation of methyl sodio-1,3-dicarboxyglutaconate with iodine, and of its cis-isomer have been established by n.m.r. spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":17245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Chemical Society C: Organic","volume":"83 1","pages":"3679-3681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91210973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reaction of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene with phosphorus trichloride–oxygen: the direct formation of a phosphate derivative from an olefin","authors":"C. Boyce, S. Webb","doi":"10.1039/J39710001613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/J39710001613","url":null,"abstract":"The reaction of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene with phosphorus trichloride–oxygen gives Cl2P(:O)·O·CHCl·CHCl2 as the major product (ca. 40% yield) and not the phosphonyl dichloride, Cl2P(:O)·CHCl·CHCl2, as previously reported. This is the first example of the direct formation of a phosphate derivative from an olefin. The phosphonyl dichloride is formed only in trace amounts together with two other minor products [Cl2P(:O)·CHCl2 and Cl2P(:O)·O·CHCl2] resulting from C–C cleavage of the olefin.","PeriodicalId":17245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Chemical Society C: Organic","volume":"24 1","pages":"1613-1615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91216752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The action of amines on 1,3,4-oxadiazolium salts","authors":"G. V. Boyd, A. Summers","doi":"10.1039/J39710000409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/J39710000409","url":null,"abstract":"1,3,4-Oxadiazolium salts react with a wide variety of primary amines and ammonia to yield s-triazolium salts and s-triazoles, respectively; s-triazolo[1,5-a]pyridinium salts and s-triazolo[1,5-a]pyridines are formed from 1,3,4-oxadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridinium perchlorates. Intermediate oxadiazolines or amidrazones resulting from attack of the amine at C-2 of the oxadiazolium ring have been isolated from the reactions of triphenyloxadiazolium perchlorate with aniline, butylamine, secondary amines, and hydrazines. The subsequent fate of these intermediates depends on the nature of the amine and the conditions used.","PeriodicalId":17245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Chemical Society C: Organic","volume":"2 1","pages":"409-414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89496678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extractives from Guttiferae. Part XXI. The isolation and structure of nine coumarins from the bark of Mammea africana G. Don","authors":"I. Carpenter, E. J. Mcgarry, F. Scheinmann","doi":"10.1039/J39710003783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/J39710003783","url":null,"abstract":"Four 4-n-propyl-, one 4-n-pentyl-, and four 4-phenyl-coumarins have been isolated from the bark of Mammea africana G. Don and identified. All are derived from 5,7-dioxygenated coumarins, and eight of the structures contain an isoprene unit and an acyl side chain at either C-6 or C-8. In four cases the isoprene unit exists as a 3-methylbut-2-enyl side chain but otherwise it forms part of a chromen or benzofuran system. The metabolites are 5,7-dihydroxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-8-(2-methylbutyryl)-4-n-propylcoumarin (1)(mammea B/BB) 5,7-dihydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(3-methylbutyryl)-4-phenylcoumarin (5)(mammeisin, mammea A/AA) 5,7-dihydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(2-methylbutyryl)-4-phenylcoumarin (7)(mammea A/AB, MAB 1), 5,7-dihydroxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-(2-methylbutyryl)-4-n-propylcoumarin (8)(MAB 2), 4′,5′-dihydro-5-hydroxy-5′-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-6-(2-methylbutyryl)-4-phenylfuro[2′,3′ : 7,8]coumarin (9)(MAB 3), 4′,5′-dihydro-5-hydroxy-5′-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-6-(2-methylbutyryl)-4-n-propylfuro[2′,3′ : 7,8]coumarin (10)(MAB 4), 5-hydroxy-6′,6′-dimethyl-6-(2-methylbutyryl)-4-phenylpyrano[2′,3′ : 7,8]coumarin (11)(MAB 5), 5-hydroxy-6′,6′-dimethyl-6-(2-methylbutyryl)-4-n-propylpyrano[2′,3′ : 7,8]coumarin (12)(MAB 6) and 5,7-dihydroxy-8-(2-methylbutyryl)-4-n-pentylcoumarin (13). The structures of the pyranocoumarins have been confirmed by partial synthesis. The possible biogenetic relationship between the coumarins and xanthones in Guttiferae is discussed.","PeriodicalId":17245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Chemical Society C: Organic","volume":"22 1","pages":"3783-3790"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90906491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Nishiwaki, Toshinori Saito, Satoko Onomura, K. Kondo
{"title":"Studies on heterocyclic chemistry. Part VIII. Comparison of the thermally induced reaction of 4-substituted 5-aminoisoxazoles with the decomposition of isoxazoles by arylamine, with reference to a 2H-azirine intermediate","authors":"T. Nishiwaki, Toshinori Saito, Satoko Onomura, K. Kondo","doi":"10.1039/J39710002644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/J39710002644","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal isomerisation of 5-amino-4-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole, which has previously been reported to yield 4-methyl-5-phenyl-4-imidazolin-2-one via an isocyanate (3), has been reinvestigated. It has been shown that conversion of the isoxazole into the imidazolin-2-one competes with intramolecular rearrangement to 2-methyl-3-phenyl-2H-azirine-2-carboxamide, and that the latter is not a precursor of the imidazolinone. This reaction is compared with that of isoxazoles with arylamines to give NN′-diarylureas by reaction of the amine with an intermediate 2H-azirine.","PeriodicalId":17245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Chemical Society C: Organic","volume":"65 1","pages":"2644-2647"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91359980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Friedel–Crafts reactions of n-alkenoic acids and ω-chloroalkanoic acids","authors":"M. Ansell, G. F. Whitfield","doi":"10.1039/J39710001098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/J39710001098","url":null,"abstract":"The Friedel–Crafts reactions between benzene and pent-2-enoic, pent-3-enoic, pent-4-enoic, 5-chloropentanoic, non-2-enoic, non-8-enoic, and 9-chlorononanoic acid are reported. The nature of the products obtained in the reactions of the alkenoic acids were shown to be dependent on the initial position of the double bond. A rationalisation of these observations is presented. New syntheses of non-8-enoic and 9-chlorononanoic acid are reported together with syntheses of the phenylnonanoic acids, 3-hexylindan-1-one, and 4-pentyl-1-tetralone.","PeriodicalId":17245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Chemical Society C: Organic","volume":"8 1","pages":"1098-1109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89695583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diels–Alder reactions of polyfluorocyclohexa-1,3-dienes. Part III. Addition of alkynes, ethylene, and allene to 2H,3H-hexafluorocyclohexa-1,3-diene and reaction of some Diels–Alder adducts of octafluorocyclohexa-1,3-diene with lithium aluminium hydride","authors":"W. Feast, W. Musgrave, R. G. Weston","doi":"10.1039/J39710000937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/J39710000937","url":null,"abstract":"2H,3H-Hexafluorocyclohexa-1,3-diene (10), hexafluoro-2,3-dimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene (7), and perfluorocyclohexa-1,3-diene (14) react with ethylene by 1,4-addition to give 2,3-disubstituted 1,4,5,5,6,6-hexafluorobicyclo[2,2,2]oct-2-enes (3), (6), and (5) in good yield. Dienes (10) and (14) react with allene to give polyfluoro-5-methylenebicyclo[2,2,2]oct-2-enes (9) and (15). Diene (10) reacts with alkynes to give 2,3-disubstituted 1,4,7,7,8,8-hexafluorobicyclo[2,2,2]octa-2,5-dienes together with poly-addition products. Some of the Diels–Alder adducts of (10) may be more conveniently prepared by reaction of the analogous adducts of (14) with lithium aluminium hydride; however, where trifluoromethyl occurs as a vinylic substituent the products of this reaction are polyfluoro-5-methylenebicyclo[2,2,2]oct-2-enes. Pyrolysis of alkyne adducts (11) and (18) results in the elimination of tetrafluoroethylene to give the expected aromatic product, but pyrolysis of ethylene adducts (3), (5), and (6) results in the elimination of ethylene rather than tetrafluoroethylene and the formation of mixtures of isomeric polyfluorocyclohexa-1,3-dienes.","PeriodicalId":17245,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Chemical Society C: Organic","volume":"186 1","pages":"937-944"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76618539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}