Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association最新文献_第3页

Fluorescent Tracing of Dialdehyde Sodium Alginate Tanning Agent in Leather Matrix 荧光追踪皮革基质中的海藻酸钠二醛鞣剂

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v118i9.8189

Min Zhu, Yudan Yi, Jia Fu, Yunhang Zeng, Ya-nan Wang

引用次数: 0

Resource Utilization of Bovine Hair Recycling from Enzymatic Unhairing during Leather Manufacturing 皮革生产过程中酶解牛毛回收的资源利用

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v118i9.8190

Ting Liu, Chunxiao Zhang, Xu Zhang, B. Peng, Mengchu Gao

{"title":"Resource Utilization of Bovine Hair Recycling from Enzymatic Unhairing during Leather Manufacturing","authors":"Ting Liu, Chunxiao Zhang, Xu Zhang, B. Peng, Mengchu Gao","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v118i9.8190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v118i9.8190","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of enzymatic unhairing technology in the leather industry, enhancing the recycling of bovine hair is a new issue emerging in leather-making. In this work, the effects of alkali concentration, time, and temperature in the pretreatment, as well as enzyme dosage, time, temperature, and pH in the following treatment on the dissolution performance and keratin yield of bovine hair were investigated. Hence, the extraction process of keratin from bovine hair by the alkali-enzyme method was optimized. The results sho that the optimal conditions for the keratin extraction are as follows: for the pretreatment with alkali, the alkali concentration is 0.4 M, the pretreatment time is 1.0 h, the pretreatment temperature is 65°C, and for the following enzymatic treatment, the enzyme dosage is 3324 U/g bovine hair, the action time is 4.0 h, action temperature is 45°C, and the pH is controlled between 8.5-11.5. Compared with the alkali method, the alkali-enzyme method increases the keratin yield from 24.4% to 58.1%, and the alkali dosage is reduced by 50%. The prepared keratin had high in vitro antioxidant activity, which provided a new idea for the resource utilization of bovine hair waste.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139346876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of High Penetration and Dispersion of Functional Nanoparticles in Leather 功能纳米粒子在皮革中的高渗透性和分散性研究

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v118i9.8192

Ji-bo Zhou, Nan Sun, Xue-pin Liao, Bi Shi

引用次数: 0

Study on the Pyrolysis Kinetic Behaviors of Different Vegetable-Tanned Sheepskin Leathers 不同植物鞣羊皮的热解动力学行为研究

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v118i8.8089

Chaoya Ren, Jie Liu, Fang Wang, Yong Lei, Madalina Georgiana Albu Kaya, Keyong Tang

{"title":"Study on the Pyrolysis Kinetic Behaviors of Different Vegetable-Tanned Sheepskin Leathers","authors":"Chaoya Ren, Jie Liu, Fang Wang, Yong Lei, Madalina Georgiana Albu Kaya, Keyong Tang","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v118i8.8089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v118i8.8089","url":null,"abstract":"The pyrolysis behaviors of leathers tanned with hydrolyzable tannins (Tara and Chestnut extracts), and condensed tannins (Quebracho and Mimosa extract) were studied by Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis in the present work. The TG/derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) results showed that the thermal stability of Tara- and Chestnut-tanned samples is poorer than that of Quebracho- and Mimosa-tanned ones. In order to study pyrolysis kinetics, TG experiments at different heating rates were carried out. Two methods of Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Friedman (FR) were employed to calculate the pyrolysis activation energy (Eα) of the samples. It was found that the average Eα of the vegetable-tanned samples is located at the range of 191.7-206.1 kJ/mol. The thermodynamic parameters (pre-exponential factor, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy) of the samples were subsequently calculated based on the average Eα by the FR method. The Gibbs free energies of the Chestnut-, Tara-, Quebracho-, and Mimosa-tanned leathers were 176.9 kJ/mol, 179.8 kJ/mol, 179.3 kJ/mol, and 178.2 kJ/mol, respectively. The difference between the average enthalpies and the Eα is less than 5 kJ/mol, which indicated that the pyrolysis process is conductive to the product formation. The mean entropy (ΔS) of the four vegetable-tanned samples is all positive, which suggested that the pyrolysis of the samples could easily take place. This work might provide theoretical guidance for the optimization of vegetable-tanned leather waste pyrolysis.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139352952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Flax Seed Protein and Beeswax Emulsion Blend on Leather Finishing– A Novel Eco-Benign Formulation 亚麻籽蛋白和蜂蜡乳液混合物对皮革涂饰的影响--一种新型生态良性配方

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v118i8.8091

B. Sahu, Janani V, Renganath Rao R, Akash Bhalla, M. A. Javid

{"title":"Impact of Flax Seed Protein and Beeswax Emulsion Blend on Leather Finishing– A Novel Eco-Benign Formulation","authors":"B. Sahu, Janani V, Renganath Rao R, Akash Bhalla, M. A. Javid","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v118i8.8091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v118i8.8091","url":null,"abstract":"Protein based finishing on leather surface is generally done using casein-based formulation which forms a transparent and breathable film. Other naturally available options such as protein extracted from flax seeds exhibit versatile application in various fields. Thus in this work, the flax seed protein which is found to be 84%, along with bees wax emulsion is explored for the first time as an Eco benign binder and as an alternative for casein based finish. The binders play very important role in leather finishing as it helps in binding the various constituents of finishing such as pigments, wax, and additives to the leather matrix. The prepared Eco benign binder formed a continuous film on the surface of the leather and improved the of physical properties and crack resistance of the leather. The FTIR and particle size analysis were carried out for the characterization of the Eco benign binder. The experimental leathers were tested for tensile strength, elongation at break, lastometer test, colour fastness and cold crack tests. The results of the said tests were satisfied and on par with control leathers.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139352567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on Interaction Mechanism between Neutral Salts and Collagen by Combining Experiments with Molecular Dynamics Simulation 通过实验与分子动力学模拟相结合研究中性盐与胶原蛋白的相互作用机理

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v118i7.7855

Min Gu, Xiaoxia Zhang, Yuanzhi Zhang, Songcheng Xu, Guoying Li

{"title":"Study on Interaction Mechanism between Neutral Salts and Collagen by Combining Experiments with Molecular Dynamics Simulation","authors":"Min Gu, Xiaoxia Zhang, Yuanzhi Zhang, Songcheng Xu, Guoying Li","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v118i7.7855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v118i7.7855","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of salt on the collagen of hide/skin is of great significance in leather-making. However, the interaction between neutral salts and collagen has not been clear, since the microscopic interaction is hard to be observed directly from the macro level of hide/skin collagen. In this study, the collagen solutions in the typical neutral salts (NaCl, CaCl2, and Na2SO4) systems were used to explore the interaction mechanism between neutral salts and collagen via combining experiments with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results of fluorescence measurements of pyrene, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy, and isoelectric point suggested that the variation of the interaction between different neutral salts and collagen was accompanied with the changes in physicochemical properties of collagen. MD simulation further revealed more detailed information on the interaction mechanism between neutral salts and collagen at the molecular level. The computational results of non-bond energy of the collagen-salt model boxes indicated that the electrostatic interactions of different salts with collagen molecules had the order of CaCl2> Na2SO4> NaCl. The analyses of the visualized conformation and the radial distribution functions showed that CaCl2 with Ca2+ as contributing ion tended to form intramolecular salt bridges with collagen, while Na2SO4 with SO42-as contributing ion more likely formed salt bridges between collagen molecules in the shape of agglomerates. In contrast, NaCl with Cl-as contributing ion was scattered around the collagen models, and its effect on collagen was much smaller. The study elaborated the interaction mechanism of typical neutral salts and collagen to be helpful for further understanding and improving the use of neutral salts in many steps involved in leather production.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tanning with Pomegranate Peel Tannin 用石榴皮单宁美黑

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v118i7.7860

Cigdem Ozkan

引用次数: 0

Region Wise Surface Level Defect Detection and Ranking of Crust Leather Images Based on Image Processing Techniques 基于图像处理技术的区域表面缺陷检测和结壳皮革图像分级

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v118i7.7856

S. Vasagam, M. Sornam

{"title":"Region Wise Surface Level Defect Detection and Ranking of Crust Leather Images Based on Image Processing Techniques","authors":"S. Vasagam, M. Sornam","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v118i7.7856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v118i7.7856","url":null,"abstract":"Sorting and aligning of crust leather for grading on position wise defect distribution is one of the methods adopted in the tanning industry. This method is generally carried out manually by a veteran on official sampling position and their input is critical because it is directly linked to sales of the crust leather. The opinion of the experts is believed to be stable and consumes a good amount of time too. Hence, in the current research a robust defect detection method and ranking of crust leather images based on image processing techniques is proposed to give a stable solution in a short span of time. A custom-made dataset of crust leather images consisting of 5640 images were used in this study. The pixel intensity has been extracted on demarcated position of various regions including neck, belly left, belly right, center and butt instead of official sampling position through horizontal and vertical mapping of coordinates with a new method Grading Score on Image Position wise (GSIP) on the actual images. The image processing techniques using Canny Edge Detection and filters such as Laplacian, Median, Prewitt, Roberts, Sobel and Scharr were implemented to get the pixel intensity grouped and classified based on parameters within acceptable range using a Naïve Bayes Classifier. The classifier confirms that the accuracy of Set I - Actual Images and Set II - Defects with implementation of canny edge detection over other image processing techniques at 99.50%. Therefore, the current research confirms that the proposed GSIP method would give an additional tool to inspectors while ranking the crust leather based on region wise surface level defect detection of crust leather images based on image processing techniques.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation and Identification of Moderately Halophilic Bacteria from Soak Liquor Samples Collected of Leather Tanneries 从皮革制革厂采集的浸泡液样本中分离和鉴定中度嗜卤细菌

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v118i7.7857

P. Caglayan

{"title":"Isolation and Identification of Moderately Halophilic Bacteria from Soak Liquor Samples Collected of Leather Tanneries","authors":"P. Caglayan","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v118i7.7857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v118i7.7857","url":null,"abstract":"Isolation and identification of protease and lipase producing moderately halophilic bacteria from soak liquor samples and studying their adverse effects to the sheepskin using scanning electron microscopy may provide critical data on decomposition of raw hide/skin materials during soaking process. Moreover, enzyme-production properties of the moderately halophilic isolates (such as catalase, oxidase, lipase, protease, urease, caseinase, amylase, cellulase, pullulanase, xylanase) were determined. The effects of different NaCl concentrations, pH and temperature values on the growth of moderately halophilic bacterial isolates were tested. In the present study, four moderately halophilic bacterial isolates were isolated and selected for further experiments. The isolated species designated as SLMHB5, SLMHB10, SLMHB12, SLMHB13 were similar to Vibrio alginolyticus, Terribacillus halophilus, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus species, respectively. Scanning electron micrographs of sheepskin samples demonstrated that enzymatic activities of moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from soak liquor samples which decomposed the skin structure. After 35-days storage period, the sheepskin sample showed bad odor, sticky appearance and hair slip. Hence, it is recommended to control these microorganisms during the soaking process with an effective antimicrobial agent.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Acid Swelling and Its Impact on the Properties of Cow Industrial Glove Leathers 酸膨胀效应及其对牛工业手套皮革性能的影响

IF 0.9 4区工程技术

Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.34314/jalca.v118i6.7657

M. Sathish, P. Thanikaivelan, Nayan Sarkar, R. Aravindhan, J. R. Rao

{"title":"Effect of Acid Swelling and Its Impact on the Properties of Cow Industrial Glove Leathers","authors":"M. Sathish, P. Thanikaivelan, Nayan Sarkar, R. Aravindhan, J. R. Rao","doi":"10.34314/jalca.v118i6.7657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34314/jalca.v118i6.7657","url":null,"abstract":"The development of commercially successful salt-free chrome tanning technology is the need of global leather sector to reduce the total dissolved solids in wastewater. Though some attempts have been made to develop salt-free chrome tanning technology, drawbacks such as slow diffusion of chromium, unevenness in softness and other organoleptic properties are the major concern. The generation of localized acid swelling might be a reason for the above drawbacks and no scientific literature available for the same. Hence, it is important to analyze the effect of acid swelling and its impact on the diffusion of chromium, ageing characteristics of wet-blue leather and physical properties of crust leather. The results show that the acid swelling delays the diffusion of chromium in tanning process and also enhances the growth marks on wet-blue leather. The ageing study reveals that the wet-blue obtained from acid swollen system dehydrates faster than the conventional salt based chromium tanning system. In addition, the wet-blue leather from acid swollen system is prone to fungal attack. The industrial glove leather obtained from acid swollen system has reduced strength characteristics viz., 15% reduction in tensile strength, 17% reduction in tear strength and 20% reduction in grain crack/bursting strength. Further, the degree of heterogeneity in softness is high for crust leather obtained from acid swollen system and also more looseness with internal emptiness. Color value measurements reveal that the crust leather obtained from the conventional tanning system is lighter in shade than the acid-swollen system. The results will be useful to design commercially viable salt-free or low-salt tanning systems as well as to tackle the inadvertent industrial scenario where the tanners are looking for solutions for accidental acid swelling and subsequent salvage of the leathers for possible recovery and applications.","PeriodicalId":17201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The American Leather Chemists Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139371796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0