Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association最新文献

{"title":"DO IT YOURSELF: INSULATED DRY ICE CANISTERS FOR CO2 BAITED MOSQUITO TRAPS.","authors":"Mario Novelo, Anna Blankenship-Cutshall, James Brodigan, Megan Siefker, Na Leifson, Sarah S Wheeler","doi":"10.2987/26-7288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon dioxide (CO2) baited traps are the industry standard for mosquito surveillance programs, with dry ice commonly used as a reliable CO2 source to attract host-seeking females. Commercially available insulated dry ice cans serve as a widely adopted sublimation canister for this purpose. However, the closure of BioQuip in 2022 created a shortage of affordable, standardized sublimation canisters, leaving many programs dependent on aging equipment or suboptimal alternatives. Here, we present an in-house protocol to assemble insulated dry ice canisters constructed entirely from commercially available materials. Canisters were assembled using a standardized and replicable design and evaluated against legacy BioQuip canisters and other modified insulated canisters. Performance was assessed over 24-h deployment periods to capture overnight field use. The do-it-yourself (DIY) insulated canister outperformed all other tested designs after 24 h. This low-cost and scalable alternative provides mosquito control programs with a practical DIY solution for CO2 based surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":17192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF OVILLANTA TIRE TRAPS FOR MOSQUITO SURVEILLANCE IN THE MIDWESTERN UNITED STATES.","authors":"Ethan G Waddle, Blake Biddle, Allison T Parker","doi":"10.2987/25-7268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2987/25-7268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Discarded vehicle tires pose negative environmental hazards as they break down and provide ideal habitats for developing mosquito larvae. Integrative vector management (IVM) uses of multiple surveillance and control methods. This study examines the efficacy of using ovillanta traps, made from used vehicle tires, for IVM. Ovillanta traps and discarded tires were placed at 5 field sites and sampled weekly during the summer mosquito field seasons in both 2023 and 2024 to determine if ovillanta traps can be used in IVM in the midwestern USA. Overall, significantly more mosquitoes were collected from ovillanta traps compared with discarded tires, but differences in preference were seen across the 5 most commonly collected species. Results of this study show that ovillanta traps can be used to monitor mosquito species distributions. This allows for the inclusion of a low-cost method in IVM in the midwestern USA.</p>","PeriodicalId":17192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN UPDATED CHECKLIST OF MOSQUITO SPECIES IN MAINE WITH NEW STATE RECORDS.","authors":"Elizabeth F Schneider","doi":"10.2987/25-7266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2987/25-7266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We provide an updated checklist of the mosquito species that occur in Maine. Seven species are added as new state records: Anopheles crucians, Aedes grossbecki, Ae. rempeli, Ae. thibaulti, Culex erraticus, Culiseta inornata, and Psorophora ciliata.</p>","PeriodicalId":17192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147775045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE MOSQUITO FAUNA OF K'GARI (FRASER ISLAND), AUSTRALIA, THE WORLD'S LARGEST SAND ISLAND.","authors":"James Wisdom, Michael Belby, Andrew F van den Hurk, Cassie C Jansen","doi":"10.2987/26-7279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>K'gari (Fraser Island) is the largest sand island in the world and a popular tourist destination. Despite its importance as a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site, there is a paucity of information regarding its mosquito fauna. From 1968 to 1976, several qualitative entomological surveys were carried out on K'gari, but no published work has been undertaken since. This study presents quantitative findings from three surveys undertaken using CO2-baited light traps in April and October 2024, and May 2025. In total, 3,356 mosquitoes, representing 31 species across 10 genera, were collected from 28 sites. Ten of these species were previously unrecorded on K'gari including Culex gelidus, a known vector of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). The major Australian arbovirus vector, Culex annulirostris, was the most prevalent species recorded overall, comprising 22% of mosquitoes collected. Considerable numbers of Mansonia uniformis and Coquillettidia spp., whose larvae develop in freshwater sites with emergent vegetation were also observed, along with high abundances of other freshwater species. Surprisingly, species associated with brackish habitats, such as Aedes vigilax and Culex sitiens comprised < 5% of the total species collected. Relatively large numbers of Culiseta arenivaga, a species that has only ever been recorded from K'gari were also observed. Overall, it is evident that K'gari is home to an abundance of diverse and medically important mosquito fauna, with assemblages dominated by freshwater-associated species, rather than coastal salt marsh taxa.</p>","PeriodicalId":17192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147717189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONTROLLING CULICOIDES BITING MIDGES WITH PURPOSE-GROWN VEGETATION BARRIERS IN RESIDENTIAL COASTAL AREAS: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH WITH BENEFITS FOR MOSQUITO MANAGEMENT.","authors":"Brian J Johnson, Kriss Mahoney, Janine Clark, Gregor J Devine","doi":"10.2987/25-7261","DOIUrl":"10.2987/25-7261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Culicoides biting midges are a major nuisance in coastal residential areas of Australia, yet effective control strategies remain limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a residual insecticide treatment applied to a purpose-grown vegetation barrier in reducing biting midge nuisance in adjacent coastal residences, with secondary effects on mosquito abundance also monitored. Biting midge and mosquito populations were monitored continuously using automated smart traps (BG-Counter®) over 18 wk, including 11 wk of pretreatment and 7 wk posttreatment surveillance. During the pretreatment surveillance period, properties adjacent to the vegetation barrier (n = 4) recorded 71% fewer biting midges than nonadjacent properties (n = 2), although this effect was temporally variable (95% confidence interval [CI]: -95% to +55%) and not significant. No reduction in mosquito abundance was observed during the same period. Following treatment of the barrier with a residual insecticide (BiFlex AquaMax®, bifenthrin 100 g/liter), biting midge and mosquito populations declined by 86% (95% CI: 77-92%) and 79% (95% CI: 68-86%), respectively, across the study landscape, including in areas with and without the vegetation barrier. A significant barrier-insecticide interaction for both groups indicated that reductions were greatest in residences adjacent to the vegetation barrier. Decreases in mosquito abundance following application of the residual spray suggests that the vegetation barrier functioned as important harborage habitat, enabling targeted control within and beyond its immediate boundary. These findings support the integration of insecticide-treated vegetation barriers into pest management programs targeting nuisance biting midge and mosquito populations in coastal residential environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":17192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","volume":" ","pages":"70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSING AEDES TRISERIATUS GONOTROPHIC STATUS AND AGE USING MID-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY AND PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES DISCRIMINANT ANALYSES.","authors":"Scott Huffman, Mark Rothermund, Harrison Edmonds, Bradley Guilliams, Charles Sither, Brian Byrd","doi":"10.2987/25-7239","DOIUrl":"10.2987/25-7239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reliable determination of mosquito age and reproductive status is critical for understanding disease transmission dynamics and evaluating vector control strategies. In this study, we investigated the use of mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical models to predict the gonotrophic state (parity) and chronological age of Aedes triseriatus. Using a reflectance sampling geometry, we acquired IR spectra from the hind tibiae of Ae. triseriatus females to assess gonotrophic status. Spectral data in the 1800-650 cm-1 range were normalized and subjected to second-derivative transformation to minimize baseline variation. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to classify mosquitoes as parous or nulliparous based on their IR spectra, achieving clear separation between groups in the validation set. The model demonstrated 97% (95% CI: 92%-99%) classification accuracy, with a positive predictive value of 97% (95% CI: 88%-100%) and a negative predictive value of 97% (95% CI: 91%-99%), indicating robust statistical differentiation based on gonotrophic status. Using female Ae. triseriatus aged from 2 to 35 days old we assessed the ability of MIR to predict age. Partial least squares regression (PLS-R) yielded a strong correlation (R = 0.96) between spectral data and mosquito age. Statistical testing (ANOVA, Tukey's HSD) revealed that the model could not reliably distinguish between mosquitoes aged 2 and 7 days but could reliably distinguish Ae. triseriatus ≤ 7 days (1 week) old from those 2-5 weeks of age at the 95% confidence level. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that MIR spectroscopy, coupled with chemometric modeling (PLS analyses), provides a rapid and reproducible method for determining reproductive status and age in Ae. triseriatus. The methods reported here may improve La Crosse virus transmission risk assessments and better refine our understanding of enzootic maintenance and human spillover.</p>","PeriodicalId":17192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","volume":" ","pages":"11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147458369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FIRST EVIDENCE OF LARVAL RESISTANCE TO S-METHOPRENE IN CULEX PIPIENS POPULATIONS IN THE TWIN CITIES METROPOLITAN AREA OF MINNESOTA, USA.","authors":"Caleb L Corona, Kristina Lopez, Scott Larson, Mark Clifton, Daniel Huff","doi":"10.2987/25-7274","DOIUrl":"10.2987/25-7274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Metropolitan Mosquito Control District, based in St. Paul, MN, has been protecting the residents of the Twin Cities metropolitan area of Minnesota from disease and annoyance from mosquitoes and other pests since 1958. Regarding mosquitoes, this mission is carried out by administering a wide-sweeping control program that is almost entirely larvicidal. For control of the Culex species, residual products containing the active ingredient S-methoprene have been heavily used for decades without product rotation in stormwater catch basins and ditches. In the fall of 2025, a preliminary investigation of S-methoprene and pyriproxyfen resistance was conducted using standardized laboratory bioassays. The preliminary data indicate that a field-collected population of Culex pipiens has developed high resistance to S-methoprene, with a resistance ratio at 50% mortality (RR50) value of 56.29 and were tolerant to pyriproxyfen with an RR50 of 4.35. Field-collected Cx. restuans remain susceptible to S-methoprene with an RR50 of 1.79. The preliminary data laid the groundwork needed to warrant further testing to determine where else this resistance is occurring and to what extent.</p>","PeriodicalId":17192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","volume":" ","pages":"102-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147458313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPECIES COMPOSITION OF MOSQUITOES COLLECTED WITH OVITRAPS IN HAMILTON AND MONROE COUNTIES, INDIANA, USA.","authors":"Aidan Patrick Simons, Amanda Lenfestey, Anthony Macro, Lauren M Campbell, Alexa Maurer, Madison G Abel, Ella H T Bui, Luis Fernando Chaves","doi":"10.2987/25-7270","DOIUrl":"10.2987/25-7270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mosquito sampling in both urban and rural areas leads to a better understanding of mosquito species diversity. Sampling is also essential to determine the presence of vectors able to transmit disease-causing pathogens. To study mosquito species richness in central Indiana (Hamilton County) and southern Indiana (Monroe County), we used ovitraps for the collection of larvae typically found in tree holes. We collected a total of 1,013 mosquitoes from 4 locations and 71 ovitraps. This study had a total of 1,493 ovitrap wk, calculated as the number of ovitraps multiplied by the number of wk each ovitrap was deployed. Ovitraps were deployed for 7 to 26 weeks with the first ovitraps being deployed on September 13, 2023, and the last ovitraps being removed on October 31, 2024. Aedes spp. accounted for 92.3% of the total larvae collected. We found the following species: Ae. albopictus, Ae. hendersoni, Ae. japonicus, Ae. triseriatus, Anopheles barberi, Culex pipiens, Orthopodomyia signifera, and Toxorhynchites rutilus. Aedes triseriatus was the most common species collected (n = 451, 45.7% of samples) and the least common species collected was An. barberi (n = 1). Analysis using species accumulation curves indicated comprehensive sampling of species. The Sørensen index of dissimilarity showed two clusters, one associated with forested environments and the other with urbanized and rural landscapes. We collected most mosquito species that have been reported in tree holes sampled across the US Midwest.</p>","PeriodicalId":17192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NEW PARISH RECORDS FOR CULICOIDES INSIGNIS (DIPTERA: CERATOPOGONIDAE) IN LOUISIANA, USA.","authors":"Dinesh Erram, Lane D Foil","doi":"10.2987/25-7272","DOIUrl":"10.2987/25-7272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Culicoides insignis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is an important vector of bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) that affect ruminants. This species is considered neotropical, and is distributed throughout much of South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. In the United States, C. insignis is mainly found in Florida; however, recent studies reported this species from Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana, suggesting a northwestern range expansion of C. insignis in the southeastern USA. In Louisiana, C. insignis was reported from the northcentral region (Jackson-Bienville-Lincoln parishes) in 2018 based on a one trap-night collection of the species in August 2013, but was not found in the south. Here, we report multiple light-trap collections of C. insignis from East Feliciana parish in southeastern Louisiana from 2022 to 2023, providing new parish records for the species in Louisiana, demonstrating its likely establishment in the state, and confirming the northwestern range expansion of C. insignis in the southeastern USA. However, the role of C. insignis in the transmission of BTV/EHDV in Louisiana is currently unknown and should be examined in further studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","volume":" ","pages":"99-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE INSECT GROWTH REGULATOR SUMILARV 0.5G AGAINST ANOPHELES COLUZZII AND AN. ARABIENSIS LARVAE UNDER LABORATORY AND SEMIFIELD CONDITIONS.","authors":"Mame Fatou Tall, Seynabou Mocote Diédhiou, Moussa Diop, El Hadji Diouf, Omar Thiaw, Cheikh Lo, Abdoulaye Konaté, Massila Senghor, Khady Sylla, Mbaye Diouf, Mamadou Demba Sy, Abdoulaye Niang, Mouhamadou Bassir Faye, Ousmane Faye, El Hadji Amadou Niang, Lassana Konaté, Ibrahima Dia","doi":"10.2987/25-7267","DOIUrl":"10.2987/25-7267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent research has demonstrated that larvicides can be an effective tool in integrated malaria vector control. However, the widespread adoption of this intervention has been limited by the need for frequent reapplication. To reduce operational efforts and costs, there is a growing need to explore long-lasting and environmentally friendly larvicides. In this study, an insect growth regulator, 0.5% pyriproxyfen (Surmilarv 0.5G), was evaluated both under laboratory conditions and at an experimental station for its efficacy against Anopheles coluzzii and An. arabiensis larvae, 2 major malaria vectors. In the laboratory, complete mortality was achieved at concentrations between 5 and 10 µg/liter for both species. In field trials with An. coluzzii, a concentration of 10 µg/liter resulted in almost complete inhibition of adult emergence during the monitoring period. The emergence inhibition rate (EIR) of 100% was achieved within 17 days, with pupal mortality exceeding 95%. Peak adult mortality was recorded on day 35 (32%), with 46% adult emergence still observed by day 81. At 0.1 µg/liter, 100% of EIR was achieved on day 8, with 48% adult emergence by day 81. For An. arabiensis, the 10 µg/liter concentration also resulted in full inhibition of adult emergence throughout the 35-day follow-up period. At 1 µg/liter, 100% of EIR was observed by day 9. Anopheles coluzzii and An. arabiensis are highly sensitive to Sumilarv 0.5G at low concentrations. The persistence of this granular formulation in treated habitats under standard field conditions highlights its potential as a valuable tool in malaria vector control.</p>","PeriodicalId":17192,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","volume":" ","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}