Šumarski list最新文献

{"title":"Utjecaj vremena skladištenja na klijavost sjemena brucijskog bora (Pinus brutia Ten.)","authors":"Bilal Çetin","doi":"10.31298/sl.148.1-2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.5","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, seeds of the Turkish pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) species, which is most widely distributed in Turkey, were collected from the Anamur and Mersin regions in 2005 from four elevations: 0-400, 400-800, 800-1200 and above 1200 meters (m). These seeds were stored at +2-4 ºC and germinated at temperatures of 15, 20 and 25 ºC in 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2020, and the effect of storage time on germination percentage (GP) was investigated. According to the general average, there was no significant change in the GP of the seeds as the storage period increased. However, the effect of storage time on GP varied according to region, elevation and germination temperature. Especially in germination at 20 °C at lower elevations, the GP did not change much at the end of 15 years or largely maintained the 2005 germination rates. In the other zones, 80% of the initial germinations were obtained in most of the zones, although there was a slight decrease at the end of the storage period. At 15 ºC, the declines in germination were very insignificant in the first years in both sections, but became significant in the following years. At 25 ºC, the decline in germination was generally higher than at other germination temperatures, and the declines started from the 5th year onwards, and at the end of 15 years, germination declined between 38.0-61.0%. As a result, after 15 years of storage of Turkish pine seeds, it was observed that at 20 ºC the GP was significantly maintained, while at other germination temperatures, the decline in germination increased as the storage period increased. In the storage of the seeds of the species, the storage period should be determined by considering the region and elevation where the seeds were collected.","PeriodicalId":171389,"journal":{"name":"Šumarski list","volume":"40 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytosociological research into the Illyrian oak–hornbeam forest on the limestone cliffs of Kupa River canyon (Kamanje, West-Central Croatia)","authors":"Antun Jelinčić, J. Vukelić, Dora Papković","doi":"10.31298/sl.148.1-2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.1","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present 14 relevés of oak-hornbeam forest from the limestone cliffs of Kupa River canyon in ­Kamanje, West-Central Croatia. The investigated forest is part of the Natura 2000 ecological network, and it represents one of the rare remnants of climax forest in the area that is not highly influenced by anthropogenic management. Plant ­community composition was recorded using the six-degree Braun-Blanquet scale, and its relation to similar forests studied by other authors was assessed using agglomerative hierarchical clustering. Because of the abundance of limestone rocks and consequently microhabitats, the forest is very species-rich, with a total of 164 vascular species ­recorded, ranging from 42 to 80 species per relevé. The Kamanje forest belongs to the association Epimedio-Carpinetum betuli, with regard to traditional classification to the subassociation staphyletosum, and is rich in species of the Illyrian-­ -­Balkan floral geoelement. However, compared to the forests of the same association from other areas, this forest has some distinct floristic features. Among the trees, Quercus petraea is replaced by Q. robur. The herb layer is abundant with ferns, and geophytes and hemicryptophytes are much more frequent. The most distinct feature of the forest is the high abundance of ferns from the class Asplenietea trichomanis, specifically Asplenium trichomanes and Polypodium vulgare. The cluster analyses separated the Kamanje forest as a unique group in relation to all other traditional ­subassociations. The Kamanje forest could be considered as a fern-rich subass. staphyletosum. However, only after the problems of traditional classification of Epimedio-Carpinetum betuli into subassociations are resolved will the exact floristic context of the studied forest be clearer.","PeriodicalId":171389,"journal":{"name":"Šumarski list","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planning of forest recreation services at provincial scale with a multi-criteria approach","authors":"Murat Yilmaz, Seda Erkan Buğday","doi":"10.31298/sl.148.1-2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The planning of forest services is becoming more crucial day by day, depending on the people’s tendency to the services provided by forests. For this reason, this study focused on planning of recreation service, which is one of the non-wood forest products and services offered in forests in Türkiye. The distribution of national parks, nature parks, and A-, B-, C-, and D-type recreational areas, which are all types of recreational areas in forests, were evaluated by weighted overlay analysis at the provincial level in Türkiye. The criteria that can express the distribution of people in the country and the forest assets and existing recreational areas (Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, number of people per km2, population growth rate, ratio of forest area to the overall area, and total forest recreation areas) were used. The criteria data of the provinces were rasterized and a reclassify analysis was performed with the obtained raster, dividing data into five categories. Weighted overlay analysis was carried out using the reclass maps. As a result of the analysis, in terms of planning recreational areas, the provinces were divided into three priority categories. The provinces, included in the first priority province category in the study, are those located in the south, east and southeast of Türkiye (where asylum seekers and irregular migrants enter Türkiye), those located along the line extending from the northwest to the interior provinces (important centers of both internal immigration and industrialization) and those located in the middle of Türkiye ( the ones that are poor in terms of forest assets). In this study, it was emphasized that the recreational areas of the provinces are planned to depend on the changing provincial populations with both internal and external migrations and economy. In addition, a different approach is presented to planners to manage of utilization of forest recreation services according to different needs, by evaluating forests and the changing characteristics of society structure altogether.","PeriodicalId":171389,"journal":{"name":"Šumarski list","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utjecaj klime i vlažnosti tla u zoni korijena na radijalni prirast crnog bora (Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. pallasiana) u Arıtu (Bartın) u Zapadnoj crnomorskoj regiji u Turskoj","authors":"Barbaros Yaman, Esra Pulat, İ̇smet Daşdemir, Yağmur Yeşi̇lbaş","doi":"10.31298/sl.148.1-2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Black pine is the third most widespread tree species (4.2 million ha) in Türkiye and due to its important position in Turkish forestry, it has been studied in many ways. In this study, the influence of the main climatic variables with soil wetness in the root zone on the radial growth of black pine was investigated. Tree ring widths were measured with Cdendro and CooRecorder, and standard dendrochronological techniques were used for cross-dating, standardization, and statistical analysis based on the xDateR and dplR packages in R. According to the result of this study, spring and summer precipitation mostly plays a significant positive role for the radial growth of black pines in Arıt in the western Black Sea region. Although maximum temperature has no influence, minimum and average temperatures in November and December of the previous year affect the radial growth significantly and negatively. In addition, soil moisture of the root zone in June and August has a clearly positive effect on radial growth.","PeriodicalId":171389,"journal":{"name":"Šumarski list","volume":"278 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productivity of Timberjack 350A and Tree Farmer C5D skidders in group-selective cutting and assortment method","authors":"D. Marčeta, Josip Maglica, V. Petković, D. Čomić","doi":"10.31298/sl.148.1-2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.2","url":null,"abstract":"In the forestry of Bosnia and Herzegovina winching and skidding of wood assortments is usually done with skidders equipped with a cable winch. This is one of the most expensive and technologically challenging activities of forest exploitation. It is of great importance to analyse the productivity of these machines as often as possible, to obtain the most efficient solutions in the forest harvesting technologies and to increase the profitability of harvesting operations. In this research, the productivity of two cable skidders, Timberjack 350A and Tree Farmer C5D, were analysed to determine their productivity and applicability in conditions of group-selective forest management and motor-manual assortment harvesting method. The goal was also to investigate how mobile Android application AlpineQuest can simplify field data collection during a work study. The results of this research showed that older-generation skidders could be partially competitive with new-generation skidders when it comes to productivity, but for credible conclusion much more detailed investigation should be done. However, there are also many other features, such as ergonomic, ecological and some at first glance invisible technological changes that give the newer skidders a significant advantage. What is a big challenge for local forestry companies is that the official norms that have been used for a long time have been overcome, and they provide completely unreliable data about the time required for the execution of work, from which it follows that the accuracy of the economic plan is also questionable. Using the AlpineQuest application in data collection during the time and work-study has proven to be very successful. It found its greatest use in measuring winching and skidding distances, but it also generally facilitated workers’ orientation and movement in the area.","PeriodicalId":171389,"journal":{"name":"Šumarski list","volume":"96 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procjena mjesečnog potencijala opasnosti od šumskih požara pomoću analitičkog hijerarhijskog procesa zasnovanog na GIS-u u jugozapadnom dijelu Turske","authors":"Merih Göltaş, Hamit Ayberk, Omer Küçük","doi":"10.31298/sl.148.1-2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Every year, more than ten thousand hectares of forest in Türkiye are affected by fires. The majority of forest fires occurs in the southern part of Türkiye, where conifer forests and maquis prone to fire are abundant. Forest fires can lead to the loss of human lives, properties and natural resources. Knowledge of Forest Fire Danger Potential (FFDP) is critical to protect lives, properties, and natural resources from fire damage. We modeled and mapped FFDP with a GIS-based Analytic Hierarchy Process. The FFDP model was developed based on nine environmental factors that affect fire behavior, including maximum temperature, precipitation, wind speed, species composition, development stage, canopy cover, slope, aspect, and elevation. FFDP was mapped and thoroughly assessed. The results showed that FFDP was significantly correlated with maximum temperature, precipitation, and species composition. We found that the FFDP differed considerably on a monthly basis. Forest lands in the study area of 2% in May, 50% in June, 65% in July, 61% in August, 25% in September, and 0% in October belonged to the extreme danger class. For model evaluation, we compared fire locations from 2008 to 2018 with those on the FFDP maps and then controlled the actual number of fires in each category and its fire danger class. The dominant danger classes of the study area according to the months were: extreme class in June, July, and August (50%, 65% and 61%, respectively), high class in May and September (74% and 68%, respectively) and moderate class in October (82%). This danger classes were more affected by fires. We observed that FFDP changed significantly by month. The amount of burned area per fire was the highest in the extreme danger class in August and July (3.39 ha and 2.14 ha, respectively). The amount of burned area was higher in areas with extreme or high fire danger class. This study can guide fire organizations in pre-fire management planning, firefighting, and post-fire studies.","PeriodicalId":171389,"journal":{"name":"Šumarski list","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140458031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case study of the public tenders’ analysis for the sale of timber assortments in 2022 in Croatia and Slovenia","authors":"M. Landekić, Jakob Troha, Matija Bakarić","doi":"10.31298/sl.148.1-2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.148.1-2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Postupak prodaje drvne sirovine putem javnih nadmetanja uvriježen je postupak i svakodnevan proces u zapadnim zemljama Europe, dok u Republici Hrvatskoj dobiva sve veći značaj posljednjeg desetljeća. Iako se glavnina drvnih sortimenata koje proizvodu Hrvatske šume d.o.o. prodaje prerađivačkoj industriji prema unaprijed definiranim kvotama i cijenama kroz okvirne višegodišnje ugovore, samo se manji dio drva nudi, posebno onog izuzetne vrijednosti, putem javnih nadmetanja. U sklopu istraživanja analizirana su javna nadmetanja u Hrvatskoj održana 2022. godine po vrstama drveća i sortimentnim klasama u odnosu na početne i prodajne cijene (€/m3) te postotak ostvaren iznad početne cijene. Nadalje, uspoređene su ostvarene prodajne cijene (€/m3) u Hrvatskoj 2022. prema vrsti drva s cijenama koje su postignute na jednom javnom nadmetanju najvrjednijih trupaca u Sloveniji iste godine. Kroz rezultate istraživanja analizirano je 45 javnih nadmetanja koja su realizirana tokom 2022. godine u Republici Hrvatskoj, te jednog javnog nadmetanja prodaje najvrjednijih trupaca iz privatnih šuma u Sloveniji 2022. godine. Rezultati analize javnih nadmetanja u Hrvatskoj pokazuju da se veći prosječni postotak iznad početne cijene ostvaruje ako su drvni sortimenti razlučnije razvrstani (klasirani) unutar ponuđenih prodajnih grupa. U analiziranom razdoblju za hrast lužnjak ponuditelji su za određene grupe 12 puta dali ponudu koja je iznosila više od 2 000,00 €/m3. Dodatno, pokazalo se da za ostvarenje što veće prodajne cijene kod hrasta lužnjaka treba izbjegavati formiranje grupa koje sadrže kombinaciju furnirskih i pilanskih sortimenata (F-III). Osim hrasta lužnjaka, rekordne cijene postizao je i gorski javor koji je imao i četiri rekordne realizirane kupnje u rasponu od 2 752,92 €/m3 do 4 692,00 €/m3. Usporedno, u Sloveniji je utvrđeno da su prosječne prodajne cijene (€/m3) značajno veće za crnogorične drvenaste vrste u odnosu na ostvarene prodajne cijena na javnim nadmetanjima u Hrvatskoj. Analizom ostvarenih prodajnih cijena drvnih sortimenata na javnim nadmetanjima u Hrvatskoj 2022. godine u odnosu na početne cijene utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika što ukazuje na buduću potrebu formiranja cijena svih proizvedenih sortimentnih klasa u korak s tržišnim prilikama.","PeriodicalId":171389,"journal":{"name":"Šumarski list","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140457965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the use of foreign forest reproductive material for the regeration of local stands of pedunculate oak from the stand points of a genetics","authors":"S. Bogdan, Ida Katičić Bogdan, Martina Temunović","doi":"10.31298/sl.147.11-12.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.147.11-12.7","url":null,"abstract":"Uslijed kronične nestašice žira domaćeg podrijetla, na tržištu je tijekom 2023. godine nabavljena velika količinašumskog reprodukcijskog materijala (ŠRM-a) iz inozemstva, a njegovo korištenje za obnovu sastojina hrastalužnjaka u Republici Hrvatskoj (RH) je u tijeku. U neslužbenim su se komunikacijama kao izvori unesenogŠRM-a spominjale provenijencije iz Mađarske, Rumunjske ili Francuske. U konačnici su, koliko nam je poznato,nabavljene sadnice i žir iz Mađarske. Međutim, stvarno podrijetlo uvezenog ŠRM-a nije niti važno jer jeovo priopćenje uglavnom načelnog karaktera i može poslužiti kao uputa za odlučivanje o njegovoj prikladnosti,neovisno o podrijetlu ili vrsti šumskog drveća.Potrebno je naglasiti da je postupak premještanja ŠRM-a (unutar EU) odnosno njegovog uvoza (iz trećih država),te korištenja u RH, reguliran Zakonom o šumskom reprodukcijskom materijalu (Narodne novine 75/09,61/11, 56/13, 14/14, 32/19, 98/19). Navedeni zakon zadovoljavajuće dobro određuje okvir za postupak odlučivanjao tome kakve provenijencije mogu biti prikladne kao izvor ŠRM-a i gdje ih koristiti, u slučaju potrebe.Nažalost, smatramo da postupak odlučivanja o nabavi i korištenju ŠRM-a, primijenjen ove godine, nije odgovaraonekim temeljnim stručnim postavkama. Primijenjena praksa predstavlja visoki rizik za očuvanje jedinstvenosti,bioraznolikosti i produktivnosti naših sastojina hrasta lužnjaka. Cilj je ovog priopćenja ukazati naneke propuste, pojasniti rizike takve prakse, pružiti savjetodavni doprinos iz perspektive naše specijalnosti –genetike šumskog drveća, i time pomoći da se u budućnosti za obnovu naših sastojina koristi prikladni ŠRM.","PeriodicalId":171389,"journal":{"name":"Šumarski list","volume":"354 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utjecaj ekspozicije krošnje na morfološka svojstva iglica devet četinjača","authors":"Biljana M. Nikolić, Katarina Mladenović, Ljubinko Rakonjac, Slobodan Milanović, Marija S. Marković, Srdjan Bojović","doi":"10.31298/sl.147.11-12.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.147.11-12.4","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to investigate if the crown exposure of some conifers influenced to needle properties. The leaf morphological traits of sixty-six trees of nine conifers: Atlas cedar, Austrian pine, Blue spruce, Douglas fir, European spruce, European yew, Serbian spruce, Silver fir, and White fir, from six Belgrade parks, were analyzed. Five needles were measured from each of the four main crown exposures. Length, width, area and perimeter of needles were investigated. Species, parks in which they were found, as well as crown exposures, differed mostly in needle length and needle width. Correlations between measured needle traits were determined by linear regression analysis. Strong positive correlations were found between the length, perimeter, and area of needles. The differences among the species in terms of light requirement determine species for individual planting as light-loving or partial shade species (Atlas cedar, European spruce, Serbian spruce, Blue spruce, Austrian pine and Douglas fir), or for group planting as shade-loving species (Silver fir, White fir and European yew).","PeriodicalId":171389,"journal":{"name":"Šumarski list","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139001036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proizvodnja šumskog sadnog materijala bjelogorice u Republici Hrvatskoj u razdoblju od 2017. do 2021. godine","authors":"Martina Đodan, Robert Bogdanić, Marija Gradečki Poštenjak, S. Perić","doi":"10.31298/sl.147.11-12.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.147.11-12.6","url":null,"abstract":"Analiza kretanja rasadničke proizvodnje šumskog sadnog materijala doprinosi kvalitetnijem planiranju proizvodnog programa kao i radova u uzgajanju šuma. Dostupnost sadnog materijala ključna je za mnoge dionike šumarskog sektora kako u šumarskoj znanosti tako i u šumarskoj praksi. Hrvatski šumarski institut tijekom stručnog nadzora rasadničke proizvodnje, stavljanja na tržište i/ili kakvoće šumskog sadnog materijala sakuplja podatke o kretanju proizvodnje svih rasadnika u Republici Hrvatskoj. To je omogućilo statističku analizu proizvedenog šumskog sadnog materijala prema rasadnicima, vlasništvu i vrstama šumskog drveća u aktualnom petogodišnjem razdoblju. Cjelokupni pregledi i analize rasadničke proizvodnje tek su u manjoj mjeri dostupni posljednja tri desetljeća, a uočava se i nedostatak recentnih znanstvenih publikacija i aktivnije znanstveno-istraživačke djelatnosti. Ciljevi rada su: (I) dati pregled proizvodnje prema vrstama, vlasništvu te rasadniku; (II) utvrditi je li količinom i programom proizvodnja bjelogorice usklađena s rastućim potrebama u šumarskoj praksi i recentnim međunarodnim znanstvenim kretanjima; (III) dati opće preporuke za planiranje proizvodnog programa za bjelogorične vrste u Republici Hrvatskoj. Provedena analiza ukazuje na mali broj vrsta u proizvodnom programu (hrast kitnjak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.), hrast lužnjak (Quercus robur L.), obična bukva (Fagus sylvatica L.), poljski jasen (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.)), što ukazuje na sve veće oslanjanje prirodne obnove šuma na rasadničku proizvodnju, dok je neznatan udio ostalih vrsta u proizvodnji (manje od 5 %). Udio voćkarica, alohtonih vrsta (pa čak i onih visoko produktivnih i otpornijih prema različitim ugrozama u usporedbi s domaćim vrstama) te pionirskih vrsta koje se koriste za rastuće potrebe biološke sanacije je nizak. Ističe se i važnost kvalitetnog šumskog sjemena kao preduvjeta za uspješnu rasadničku proizvodnju, kao i odabira optimalnih vrsta, provenijencija i karakteristika sadnog materijala. Potrebno je uskladiti proizvodni program s novim izazovima i ugrozama koji stoje pred šumarskim sektorom i šumama u Republici Hrvatskoj. Program treba uskladiti i s međunarodnim, znanstvenim i stručnim kretanjima i politikama Europske Unije, kao i bolje osigurati šumski sadni materijal za druge grane privrede. Karakter suvremenih šumskouzgojnih rješenja mora odražavati brzinu i učinkovitost provođenja zahvata, jer sve učestalije i intenzivnije prirodne nepogode, imaju odlučujući utjecaj na uspjeh sadnje tj. potrebu ponavljanja ovoga skupog i zahtjevnog procesa. Iako su teško predvidive, ugroze su neminovne, pa je pored kvalitetnog proizvodnog programa, kvalitetan, višegodišnji proizvodni plan potrebniji nego ikad. Plan je utoliko kvalitetniji što prepoznaje trenutne i predstojeće obveze i međunarodna kretanja, recentne znanstvene spoznaje, višegodišnje potrebe praktičnog šumarstva i ostalih grana privrede, predviđanja predstojećih ugroza i pomaka areala vrsta te s","PeriodicalId":171389,"journal":{"name":"Šumarski list","volume":"88 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}