{"title":"Effect of Irrigation with Drainage and Blended Waters on Yield and Quality of some Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa) as well as Soil Qualty at North Part of Nile Delta","authors":"M. Eid, I. Abdel-Fattah, A. Okasha","doi":"10.21608/jssae.2022.243275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2022.243275","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was conducted in the Northern Nile Delta (Hammoul District) to evaluate the effect of irrigation with agricultural drainage and blended canal water on growth characteristics, yield and its components, and grain quality of three rice varieties during two successive seasons of 2020 and2021. The irrigation treatments were as follows: irrigation using the agricultural drainage water(I1), irrigation using agricultural drainage water, alternate with blended water one by one(I2), and irrigation using the blended canal water(I3). Sakha104, Giza177, and Giza178 rice cultivars were used in this study. The results indicated that heading days, plant length (cm), panicle length (cm), number of panicle hill, number of filled grains panicle , 1000grain weight (g), grain yield (t ha), and harvest index were better with blended canal water than that with agricultural drainage water. The greatest yield of the Giza 178 variety was achieved with blended canal water, while its yield was reduced by 9.6% when irrigated with drainage water. The results showed that the mean grain yield of Sakha 104, Giza177, and Giza178 in the 1 season were 9.64, 8.69, and 11.31 t haand in the 2 season they were 9.83, 8.66, and 9.88 ton ha, respectively. Also, the results showed that the yield of Giza178 which was irrigated by drainage water was close to that produced by Sakha 104 or more than that of Giza177, which was irrigated by the blended canal water.Therefore, Giza178 cultivar can be irrigated by drainage water, since it surpassed both the cultivars under this condition.","PeriodicalId":17094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86427141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. A. Ahmed, S. A. Abou EL-Enan, T. Mosalm, A. Hassan
{"title":"The Specific Adsorption of Manganese and Cadmium in North East Nile Delta Soils","authors":"H. A. Ahmed, S. A. Abou EL-Enan, T. Mosalm, A. Hassan","doi":"10.21608/jssae.2022.129521.1071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2022.129521.1071","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with the relationship between soil properties and the specific adsorption of manganese and cadmium in some soils of the north eastern Nile Delta region . This work was conducted on seven different soil profiles of heavy clay soil texture. To achieve this goal, a detailed study was conducted on the most important physical and chemical properties of the collected soil samples, then a quantitative specific adsorption experiment was carried out.The specific adsorption of manganese and cadmium ions in the presence of sodium. as a monovalent cation and calcium as a divalent cation and as shown on that the higher the added concentration, the higher the specific adsorption as shown by the straight line equation on for manganese and cadmium, while the role of Sodium as a single cation helps the adsorption of manganese and cadmium in the superficial layers rather than the sub-surface layers due to the presence of organic matter and clay content. In the presence of calcium, the specific adsorption of manganese and cadmium decreased, as calcium occupies all exchange sites on the adsorption complex as a binary cation. However in the presence of calcium The adsorption increased in the surface layers than in the sub-surface layers due to the presence of organic matter and clay content in the surface layer than the sub-surface layer.","PeriodicalId":17094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84398242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed abd elatee, H. A. Ahmed, T. Mosalem, E. A. Abd-El hady
{"title":"Effect of Irrigation with Low Quality Water on the Efficiency of Agricultural Gypsum in Sodic Soils","authors":"Ahmed abd elatee, H. A. Ahmed, T. Mosalem, E. A. Abd-El hady","doi":"10.21608/jssae.2022.128264.1069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2022.128264.1069","url":null,"abstract":"Columns experiment was constructed on the farm of Agriculture College, Al-Azhar University to study the efficiency of agricultural gypsum in improving the chemical properties of alkaline clay soils (El -Salam Canal project soil) which irrigated with agricultural drainage water. Soil samples were taken from the research region; they were prepared then mixed with agricultural gypsum GR. The treatments were watering with varying quality having different values of SAR. The experiment consisted of 15 columns comprised five treatments in three replicates completely randomized design. Plastic columns with the diameter of 15 cm and 45 cm length and tatted with a slot at the bottom so that drained water are collected regularly during the probationary period for the purpose to track the change in some chemical properties such as EC and pH. The results showed an increase in the values of pH, EC in treatments that contain high concentration of sodium used for irrigation, which led to a decrease in the efficiency of agricultural gypsum through the soil column of experiment compared to the control. The results also showed a linear relationship between SAR and ESP. The obtained linear equation was ESP = 1.0148 SAR+ 6.0165 where R2 = 0.831. It was also found that, by increasing the SAR values in irrigation water, the efficiency of agricultural gypsum decreased. Therefore, it could be recommended adjusting the amount of added agricultural gypsum to soils irrigated with water with high contents of sodium to prevent sodium accumulation in root zone.","PeriodicalId":17094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89081911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Sayed, A. Derbala, A. Elmetwalli, S. Hassan, A. Elglaly, Dr. Mostafa H. Fayed
{"title":"Effect of Using Trailing Perforated Pipe on Irrigation Efficiency for Maize Production","authors":"T. Sayed, A. Derbala, A. Elmetwalli, S. Hassan, A. Elglaly, Dr. Mostafa H. Fayed","doi":"10.21608/jssae.2022.126074.1064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2022.126074.1064","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":17094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76248751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alternative Furrow Irrigation to Rationalize of Irrigation Water for Maize in North Nile Delta Soils","authors":"M. Eid, A. Kasem, H. Aboelsoud","doi":"10.21608/jssae.2022.124166.1057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2022.124166.1057","url":null,"abstract":"Two field experiments were conducted at the Sakha Agric. Res. Station Farm, Kafr El-Sheikh Gov., North Nile Delta to assess the influence of the alternate furrow irrigation on water conservation and maize productivity during two consecutive summer seasons (2019 and 2020). The location is located at 31 0 -07' N Latitude, 30 0 -57'E Longitude, with an elevation of around 6 m above mean sea level. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four repetitions was used to cultivate maize (Giza 310). Irrigation was applied to furrows in three ways: a) watering every furrows (traditional irrigation) with 15-day interval (EFI 15 ), b) alternate irrigation (watering every other furrows) 10-day interval (A1/1E 10 ), and c) alternative irrigation one by one fixed (A1/1C 10 ). During the growing season, one furrow is irrigated while the other is left unwater next door. The following is a summary of the findings: 1-The highest maize yield (3945.55 kg fed -1 ) was obtained with A1/1E 10 treatment, while the lowest yield (3703.5 kg fed -1 ) was recorded with the EFI 15 system. 2-A1/1E 10 was the best irrigation treatment since it achieved the highest grain yield and saved irrigation water by about 19.8% (663.5 m 3 ) compared to the traditional irrigation treatment (EFI 15 ). 3- Alternate irrigation (A1/1E 10 ) recorded the highest values of oil and protein % in grain and increased the benefit-cost ratio (BCR), and net return (NR) as compared with other irrigation regimes. 4-In addition, A1/1C 10 treatment achieved the highest water productivity (1.92 kg/m 3 ).","PeriodicalId":17094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80755475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Mechanical Damage on Tomato Fruits under Storage Conditions","authors":"M. Geasa, Mahmoud Hassan","doi":"10.21608/jssae.2022.124035.1053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2022.124035.1053","url":null,"abstract":"This research was carried out to study some mechanical damage effecting properties on tomatoes during storage. Experimental include simulation of mechanical damage by using a device developed by (Geasa, 2021). A device used to compress tomato’s sample to achieve a 10 mm deformation distance. Two methods namely, flat probe and 30˚ cone penetration probe, two compress positions Z axis and X axis, and two storage methods (room and cooling conditions), under 4 storage periods (5, 10, 15 and 20 days) were tested. Physical properties (the mean length, width, thickness, arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, surface area, sphericity, aspect ratio, mass, volume, and true density) of the tomato were 48.78, 56.48, 53.27, 52.84, 52.71mm, 8759.62 mm 2 , 1.08 %, 1.16, 83.67 g, 87.85 cm 3 , and 0.96 g/cm 3 , respectively. Average temperatures C o were 18.8 and 9.9 and relative humidity % were 53.4 and 47.56 for room and refrigerator respectively. Mechanical properties of static friction coefficients for five surfaces of wood, plastic, rubber, cartoon, and galvanized iron steel were 0.4, 0.27, 0.33, 0.26 and 0.29 respectively. The changes in chemical properties of tomato including total soluble solids (TSS), and pH were measured. The study final results reveal that, the highest value of firmness of 2.8 N/cm 2 was obtained at refrigeration storage method and control sample. While, the average of force needed to made 10 mm deformation on z axis more than on x axis of tomato samples.","PeriodicalId":17094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82670712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation the Performance of the Locally Fabricated Maize Sheller Machine","authors":"E. Gomaa, M. Omar, S. Elsisi","doi":"10.21608/jssae.2022.132958.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2022.132958.1073","url":null,"abstract":"The shelling process is one of the most critical of post-harvest operations which affects the quality and quantity of corn production. It could be done manually or mechanically. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a corn ear shelling which fabricated locally to meet the needs of small farmers. The studied factors were rotational speed of chains shaft 200, 250, 300 and 350 rpm & shelling time 20, 30 and 40 sec and feeding quantity of ears 9, 12 and 15 kg. The affected parameters were shelling efficiency, a ratio of broken grains, the shelling rate, the specific of shelling power and energy consumption. The obtained results using the shelling machine were increasing rotational speed of chains led to an increase in shelling efficiency, the specific of shelling power, energy consumption, shelling rate and broken grains ratio. Increasing feeding quantity led to an increase in both the specific of shelling power, energy consumption and shelling rate while decreased shelling efficiency and broken grains ratio and vice versa with increasing shelling time. The optimum operating parameters of the shelling machine were found at shelling time of 30 sec, 15 kg feeding quantity and 300 rpm shelling speed. The values of shelling rate, shelling efficiency and specific energy were 962.5 kg/h, 100% and 3.51 kJ/kg respectively at optimum operating parameters. The study recommends using this machine to meet the needs of small farmers.","PeriodicalId":17094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83083133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of some Soil Conditioners on Soil Physo-Chemical Properties and Onion Growth.","authors":"basher elgamal, A. Aki","doi":"10.21608/jssae.2022.124052.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2022.124052.1054","url":null,"abstract":"The field trials were conducted in the farm of El-Gemmeiza Agric. Res. Station, El-Gharbeia Governorate, during winter growing season of 2017/2018. This study aimed to improve physical and chemical properties as induced by the soil conditioners (sulphur(S), phosphogypsum(PG) and liquid calcium carboxylic acid (LCC)) on availability of essential nutrients and their positively effects on growth onion and this chemical composition. The experiment was designed in a complete randomized blocks design with three replicates. The treatments were (T1) control, (T2) sulphur (S) application at 1.50 ton ha ,(T3)sulphur (S) application at 2.50 ton ha ,(T4) phosphogypsum(PG) application at 5.00 ton ha , (T5) phosphogypsum(PG) application at 10.00 ton ha ,(T6) liquid calcium carboxylic acid (LCC) application at 5.00 liter ha and (T7) liquid calcium carboxylic acid (LCC) application at 10.00 liter ha. It was observed that application of S, PG and LCC at the high rate recorded maximum values of total water stable aggregates, hydraulic conductivity and cumulative infiltration. Regardless of application of S, PG and LCC up to 1.50 ton ha, 10 ton ha and 10 liter ha level respectively led to decreased the soil properties (soil pH, exchangeable sodium and ESP) and increased the CEC, exchangeable cations , soil available NPK than other treatments. Soil treated with soil amendments showed apparent increases of macronutrients in both bulb and leaves onion, crude protein in bulb, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a+b and carotenoid than control. The study recommends adding soil conditioners improve the physochemical properties and onion growth.","PeriodicalId":17094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86080131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fennel Seeds Planting by Investigated Novel Pneumatic Technology","authors":"Z. Ismail, N. Ismail, A. Elsisi","doi":"10.21608/jssae.2022.124902.1061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2022.124902.1061","url":null,"abstract":"The chief purpose of this work is to design and develop a new technology of pneumatic medicinal seeds planting \"PMSP\". An investigated prototype was identified which activates by the air vacuum system. It is made from two drums one inside others. The clearance between them considers a suction chamber. Regulated this space affects the suction volume to get high/low vacuum pressure. Through the indoor experiments, the best vacuum space is identified by two holes on the circumference inner tube with 8.0 mm diameter. The performance of the prototype was evaluated by studying some variables; forward speeds \"1.7, 2.0 and 2.4 kmh, vacuum drum speeds \"20, 22, 24 and 26 rpm\", and vacuum pressures \"9.0 and 11.0kPa\" per constant vacuum holes on the outer drum of 0.75mm diameters. The results indicated that; using vacuum pressure of 9.0 kPa, the highest percentage of latitude seeds distribution relative to seeding centerline was recorded 94.12 and 90.49% respectively, for right and lift exit seeds tubes under the forward speed of 1.7 kmh and vacuum drum speed of 24 rpm. While the corresponding percentages at using vacuum pressures of 11.0 kPa were recorded 90.01 and 94.31% respectively under the above conditions but per the forward speed of 2.0 kmh and vacuum drum speeds of 24 rpm. Also, to realize the lowest miss index \"0.0%\", multiple indexes \"5.0%\" and highest quality of feed index \"95%\" was found at a forward speed of 2.4 kmh and vacuum pressure of 9.0 kPa under vacuum drum speed of 22rpm.","PeriodicalId":17094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76112345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Wheat Sowing Efficiency as Affected by The Aggregate Size Distribution of Seedbed","authors":"M. Abo-habaga","doi":"10.21608/jssae.2022.127108.1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2022.127108.1066","url":null,"abstract":"Under Egyptian circumstances, seeds distribution in the horizontal plane, depth of sowing, seedling emergence, crop yield and operating time for seedbed preparation are indicators of the impact of clods size distribution on the applicability of grain drill-machines for the cultivation of wheat planting. SO, this investigation was executed, where the experimental area was divided into five main plots relative to the seedbed preparation treatments. The 1 st plot (P1) was prepared by a rotary tiller, while the 2 nd plot (P2) was prepared via a chisel plow once followed by rotary tiller, the 3 rd plot (P3) was prepared with chisel plow twice followed by the rotary tiller, the 4 th plot (P4) was prepared using chisel plow once followed by wooden leveler and lately the 5 th plot (P5) was set by a chisel plow twice followed by a wooden leveler (traditional treatment of wheat planting).The obtained results illustrated that increasing the mean mass diameter of clods in the seedbed led to increase in the sowing depth, plant deviation and the time required for seedling emergence time. The suitable clods size distribution soil for sowing the wheat plants with a seeds drill machine must contain various clods sizes having diameters not greater than 50mm. The suitable seedbed for using a grain drill machine was realized with a chisel plow followed by a rotary tiller at a soil moisture content between 18-22%.","PeriodicalId":17094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75228416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}