Journal of Systematics and Evolution最新文献

{"title":"A new stem‐group mantispoid lineage (Insecta: Neuroptera) equipped with unique raptorial structures from the Middle Jurassic of China","authors":"Jinglei Wang, Chaofan Shi, Xingyue Liu, Chungkun Shih, Dong Ren, Yongjie Wang","doi":"10.1111/jse.13125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.13125","url":null,"abstract":"During the Cretaceous period, the lacewing superfamily Mantispoidea, with an assemblage of species possessing raptorial forelegs, have undergone a rapid species radiation, characterized by abundant species richness and high morphological plasticity. Nevertheless, the morphology and early evolution of the specialized predatory organ around the time of its origin in raptorial Mantispoidea have been poorly documented due to the rarity of fossil evidence, especially for the pre‐Cretaceous fossils. Herein, a new genus and new species, that is <jats:italic>Archarhachiberotha longitarsa</jats:italic> Wang, Ren et Wang gen. et sp. nov., was described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of northeastern China. This new genus was characterized by the remarkable raptorial forelegs, that is, typically elongated coxa, relatively less‐swollen femur and rudimentary small femoral spines, and well‐developed tarsi. Considering the peculiar morphological combination and antiquity of the new genus, it was assigned to be a stem‐group lineage of Mantispoidea. Also, the detailed analyses of morphology and biological functions of raptorial forelegs were made to conclude that the new genus evolved into an unknown but primitive raptorial type that was distinctly different from the extant morphological features and raptorial mechanisms. In addition, the evolutionary tendency of raptorial Mantispoidea herein summarized highlights morphological diversity and disparity between fossil and extant representatives, and provides a rare case to explore the entire evolutionary history of a specialized structure in one lineage.","PeriodicalId":17087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Systematics and Evolution","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic patterns and climatic drivers of phylogenetic structure of liverworts along a long elevational gradient in the central Himalaya","authors":"Hong Qian","doi":"10.1111/jse.13129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.13129","url":null,"abstract":"For clades originating in warm climates, the tropical niche conservatism hypothesis predicts that current biological assemblages in colder or drier climates are expected to have lower phylogenetic diversity, and species in colder or drier climates are expected to be more closely related to each other (i.e., higher phylogenetic clustering). Liverworts are one of the oldest clades of extant land plants. They originated about 500 Ma during a warm (“greenhouse”) period and experienced multiple major cycles of warm and cold periods. Here, I test the tropical niche conservatism hypothesis using liverwort assemblages distributed along an elevational gradient crossing about 5000 m of elevation in the central Himalaya. I found that, in general, phylogenetic diversity and dispersion decrease with increasing elevation and thus with decreasing temperature, which is consistent with the tropical niche conservatism hypothesis. Phylogenetic diversity decreases with elevation monotonically, but phylogenetic dispersion decreases with elevation in a triphasic (zig‐zag) pattern, which is generally consistent with the triphasic pattern found in angiosperms and polypod ferns along the same elevational gradient. Temperature‐related variables explained approximately the same amount of the variation in phylogenetic diversity and dispersion as did precipitation‐related variables, although mean annual temperature explained 9%−15% more variation than did annual precipitation. Climate extreme variables explained approximately the same amount of variation in phylogenetic diversity and dispersion as did climate seasonality variables.","PeriodicalId":17087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Systematics and Evolution","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic diversity and interspecies competition shaped species diversity in adaptive radiated Ligustrum (Oleaceae)","authors":"Yushuang Wang, Enze Li, Jiahui Sun, Zhixiang Zhang, Wenpan Dong","doi":"10.1111/jse.13117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.13117","url":null,"abstract":"Speciation events often occur with adaptive radiation. The factors that promote these adaptive radiating species diversity patterns have intrigued biologists for more than a century. In the present study, we used the adaptive radiated genus <jats:italic>Ligustrum</jats:italic> to evaluate the relative contributions of the environment, species interactions, phylogenetic diversity, and diversification rates in generating extant species diversity patterns. Using complete chloroplast genome data, we reconstructed the highly supported and dated backbone phylogenetic relationships of <jats:italic>Ligustrum</jats:italic>. Biogeographic results indicated that <jats:italic>Ligustrum</jats:italic> originated in Southwest China during the Oligocene and spread to suitable areas that were warm and humid via 18 dispersal events. For the overlapping ranges of species pairs, a smaller phylogenetic distance was detected in high species overlap than in low species overlap, which is consistent with no significant difference in niche among the different species. We found that the phylogenetic diversity and interspecies competition induced by insignificant niche divergence shaped the global pattern of <jats:italic>Ligustrum</jats:italic> diversity.","PeriodicalId":17087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Systematics and Evolution","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142183176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phylogenomic approach to disentangling the evolution of the large and diverse daisy tribe Anthemideae (Asteraceae)","authors":"David Criado‐Ruiz, Joan Vallès, Randall J. Bayer, Luis Palazzesi, Jaume Pellicer, Iván Pérez Lorenzo, Olivier Maurin, Elaine Françoso, Shyamali Roy, Ilia J. Leitch, Félix Forest, William J. Baker, Lisa Pokorny, Oriane Hidalgo, Gonzalo Nieto Feliner","doi":"10.1111/jse.13118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.13118","url":null,"abstract":"The daisy tribe Anthemideae Cass. is one of the largest and most diverse tribes within Asteraceae. We analyzed a data set including 61 out of 111 Anthemideae genera, and all but four of the 19 currently recognized subtribes (Inulantherinae, Lapidophorinae, Lonadinae, and Vogtiinae) using a targeted high‐throughput sequencing approach, the first focused on the tribe. We followed different phylogenomic approaches, using nuclear and plastid data, as well as additional analytical methods to estimate divergence times and diversification rates, to unravel the evolutionary history and classification of this tribe. Our results reinforce the phylogenetic backbone of the Anthemideae advanced in previous studies and further reveal the possible occurrence of ancient hybridization events, plastid capture, and/or incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), suggesting that complex evolutionary processes have played an important role in the evolution of this tribe. The results also support the merging of subtribe Physmasperminae into Athanasiinae and subtribe Matricariinae into Anthemidinae and clarify previously unresolved relationships. Furthermore, the study provides additional insights into the biogeographic patterns within the tribe by identifying three main groups: the Southern African Grade, the Asian Clade, and the circum‐Mediterranean Clade. These groups partially coincide with previously identified ones. Overall, this research provides a more detailed understanding of the Anthemideae tribe and improves its classification. The study also emphasizes the importance of phylogenomic approaches for deciphering the evolutionary dynamics of large and diverse plant lineages.","PeriodicalId":17087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Systematics and Evolution","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141948344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid capture resolves the phylogeny of Tetradium (Rutaceae) and supports the inclusion of a species from Sulawesi","authors":"Lee‐Ping Ang, Fabian Brambach, Salvatore Tomasello, Jun Wen, Marc S. Appelhans","doi":"10.1111/jse.13127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.13127","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Tetradium</jats:italic>, a genus within Rutaceae, comprises nine species found in Eastern and Southeastern Asia, distinguished by their opposite pinnate leaves and apocarpous or subapocarpous gynoecium with follicular fruits. While Hartley's 1981 monograph provided foundational insights, a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus is lacking. Using next‐generation sequencing (NGS), this study aims to (i) establish an NGS molecular data set for <jats:italic>Tetradium</jats:italic>, (ii) elucidate interspecific relationships via the hybrid capture method and (iii) investigate the taxonomic status of <jats:italic>Euodia meliifolia</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>celebica</jats:italic>. Our data set comprised 28 samples across nine species, sequenced using Illumina Miseq and Hiseq 4000 platforms, with downstream analyses conducted using the HybPhyloMaker pipeline and ASTRAL. Our findings revealed five main groups supported by both molecular and morphological data, highlighting changes in ovule number and seed functionality. Notably, the hybrid capture method proved invaluable for studying old herbarium specimens. Finally, taxonomic revisions were proposed, including the reclassification of <jats:italic>E. meliifolia</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>celebica</jats:italic> as <jats:italic>Tetradium celebicum</jats:italic>, the fossil <jats:italic>Euodia costata</jats:italic> as <jats:italic>Tetradium costatum,</jats:italic> and the fossil <jats:italic>Euodia lignata</jats:italic> as <jats:italic>Tetradium lignatum</jats:italic>. An updated description for <jats:italic>T. celebicum</jats:italic>, supplemented by a specific identification key, is provided.","PeriodicalId":17087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Systematics and Evolution","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141948348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gymnosperm collecting in China: Past, present, and future","authors":"Dan Xie, Tian‐Xiang Chen, Hong Du, Hui Wu, Jin‐Hua Ran","doi":"10.1111/jse.13122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.13122","url":null,"abstract":"Assessing sampling biases caused by nonrandom specimen collecting is crucial in systematics, biogeography, and conservation. Nevertheless, research on the collecting biases of vascular plants in China remains limited. Here, we investigated the collecting status of gymnosperms in China using 48 673 herbarium specimens representing 180 Chinese gymnosperm species. The spatial and temporal patterns, collector and determiner biases, and phylogenetic and taxon biases were studied to comprehend the collecting bias of gymnosperms in China during 1900–2021. Meanwhile, we assessed the inventory completeness of gymnosperms to identify collecting hotspots and coldspots. The results showed that gymnosperms predominantly inhabit mountainous areas in China. The historical collecting of gymnosperms in China can be divided into two distinct stages with four peaks of collecting activities. The distribution of collected or identified specimens per individual displays significant skewness, and the collecting of gymnosperms has the issues of overcollecting or undersampling. Inventory completeness remains deficient, and collecting intensity is weak in both northern China and the range of 22°–25° N in the southern region (i.e., central Yunnan, southern Guangxi, and eastern Guangdong). Additionally, observation of the spatial distribution reveals both hotspots and coldspots scattered across mountain regions, lacking clustering. This study revealed a highly polarized collecting pattern for gymnosperms in China. Consequently, we recommend optimizing collecting measures, targeted specimen collecting, and continuous dynamic monitoring of gymnosperms in future collecting efforts. These recommendations hold relevance not only for gymnosperms in China but also for other land plants worldwide.","PeriodicalId":17087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Systematics and Evolution","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141948345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic differentiation and gene flow among Rattus species distributed in China and adjacent regions","authors":"Ning Liu, Xin‐Lai Wu, Ruo‐Bing Zhang, Jin Wang, Qi‐Sen Yang, Ji‐Long Cheng, Zhi‐Xin Wen, Lin Xia, Alexei V. Abramov, De‐Yan Ge","doi":"10.1111/jse.13123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.13123","url":null,"abstract":"The wild rats in the genus <jats:italic>Rattus</jats:italic> represent a group of murids characterized by rapid lineage diversification but limited morphological variation. Within this genus, there are several commensal species with high invasive capacity, such as <jats:italic>Rattus norvegicus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>R. rattus</jats:italic>, which pose a global threat. Investigating the mechanisms behind their adaptive evolution is of utmost importance. In this study, we conducted morphological study and whole‐genome sequencing on <jats:italic>Rattus</jats:italic> species distributed in China and adjacent regions to gain insights into morphological differentiation, as well as genomic divergence and gene flow using assembled mitochondrion genome and high‐quality single nucleotide polymorphisms. Despite their morphological similarity and large overlap in morphospace, our analyses revealed significant genetic differentiation at the genomic level among <jats:italic>Rattus</jats:italic> species in China and adjacent regions. Specifically, intraspecific differentiation was observed in <jats:italic>R. nitidus</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>R. norvegicus</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>R. tanezumi</jats:italic>, which may be related to habitat heterogeneity and geographic isolation. We hypothesize that as invasive rats expand their habitat, the diversification of ecological environments might lead to more environmentally adapted evolution and accelerated genetic differentiation. Furthermore, Dsuite and TreeMix analyses detected substantial introgression among different <jats:italic>Rattus</jats:italic> species, particularly evident between <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>. <jats:italic>norvegicus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>R</jats:italic>. <jats:italic>tanezumi</jats:italic>. Strong gene flow signals suggest frequent hybridization events among these species, which may facilitate the acquisition of new environmental adaptability during their expansion into new territories. This study provides a preliminary analysis that serves as a foundation for a more comprehensive investigation into the rapid lineage diversification and adaptive introgression among <jats:italic>Rattus</jats:italic> species.","PeriodicalId":17087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Systematics and Evolution","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeography and local environmental adaptation in the differentiation of Leptocorisa sister species in East Asia","authors":"Xue Dong, Xiuxiu Zhu, Zechen Tang, Wenbo Yi, Huaijun Xue, Zhen Ye, Chenguang Zheng, Wenjun Bu","doi":"10.1111/jse.13120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.13120","url":null,"abstract":"A full understanding of local adaptation at the genomic level will help to elucidate its role in the differentiation between closely related species. This study focused on rice seed bugs sister species (<jats:italic>Leptocorisa chinensis</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Leptocorisa oratoria</jats:italic>), which are native to East Asia and are notorious pests targeting growing rice spikelets. East Asia is a region where diverse geology and fluctuating climate are known to have profound impacts on organisms. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from double‐digest restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing and geographic distribution information were used to investigate phylogeography and assess the environmental contribution to genetic variation. We found clear genetic differentiation between sister species, but a lack of genetic structure within species because of their long‐distance dispersal ability. The demographic model involved a scenario in which divergence in isolation (~0.6 Ma) was followed by secondary contact (~7 kya). The initial divergence may have been caused by the intensification of the East Asian monsoon during the Pleistocene climate oscillation. The historical demography indicated that the effective population size (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic><jats:sub>e</jats:sub>) showed an evident increase from 9 to 7 kya, which may be related to rice domestication and extensive human cultivation during the Holocene. We also detected a significant correlation between genetic and environmental distance, and the niche difference occupied between them. Temperature‐related variables were ranked as the main factors for the difference, and 410 selective SNPs involved in adaptation were identified. The Nanling Mountains in southern China serve as a geographical boundary between them and act as an ecological barrier belt that promotes local environmental adaptation. Our study demonstrates that historical climate change and local adaptation by climate‐imposed selection shape the phylogeographical patterns of sister species.","PeriodicalId":17087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Systematics and Evolution","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution and mandibular sexual dimorphism in mid‐Cretaceous scorpionflies (Insecta: Mecoptera: Meropeidae)","authors":"Yanjie Zhang, Conrad C. Labandeira, Jiamiao Yu, Chungkun Shih, Dong Ren, Taiping Gao","doi":"10.1111/jse.13121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.13121","url":null,"abstract":"Based on several earwigfly specimens with well‐preserved mouthparts of Meropeidae from mid‐Cretaceous Burmese amber, a detailed, initial analysis was conducted of the structure of Mesozoic meropeids. Compared to the singularly flattened mandible of modern meropeids, the new specimens reveal that Mesozoic representatives had two distinct types of mandibles: blade‐shaped and scoop‐shaped. Current fossil evidence indicates that during the Mesozoic Era, Meropeidae displayed sexual dimorphism that was reflected in the structure of their mandibles. This structural difference may indicate that about 99 million years ago, meropeids had a more complex diet than extant confamilial taxa. Phylogenetic results suggest that <jats:italic>Torvimerope</jats:italic> gen. nov., along with <jats:italic>Burmomerope</jats:italic>, two extinct genera, form a clade and that are the sister taxon to crown‐group Meropeidae. The new material offers new possibilities for inferring the feeding habits and mating behavior of early Meropeidae.","PeriodicalId":17087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Systematics and Evolution","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Areas of endemism of the orchids of Megamexico: Hotspots of biotic interactions with pollinators","authors":"Brandon E. Gutiérrez–Rodríguez, Wesley Dáttilo, Fabricio Villalobos, Victoria Sosa","doi":"10.1111/jse.13119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.13119","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological interactions and evolutionary processes in areas of endemism remain little studied despite the fact that identifying the patterns of functional signatures in areas of endemism could reveal important information regarding community assembly and functioning. Here, we investigated whether areas of endemism of the orchids of Megamexico are hotspots of biotic interactions by comparing the orchid–pollinator interactions with those of adjacent areas. Patterns of functional signatures and phylogenetic signal were estimated, using pollination syndromes as a proxy for functional attributes. Phylogenetic signal was estimated by coding pollinator groups for every orchid recorded. Metrics of the interaction networks and the phylogenetic signal were compared with those obtained from adjacent areas. Our results indicate that areas of endemism show higher significant differences in the phylogenetic signal compared with adjacent areas. This can be explained by the many distantly related orchid lineages sharing attributes related to pollination. Network size and robustness differed statistically between the areas of endemism and the adjacent areas. The same configuration of modules in interaction networks was found in the areas of endemism; however, remarkably, the composition of species in large genera differed in these areas. Areas of endemism harbor more orchid lineages that closely interact with many groups of insects. The southerly areas of endemism in Chiapas and Central America are prominent, with the most significant phylogenetic signal and networks metrics. Results indicate that areas of endemism for the orchids of Megamexico represent hotspots of biotic interactions. Strategies for conservation must take this biotic interaction into account.","PeriodicalId":17087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Systematics and Evolution","volume":"193 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141614711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}