Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement最新文献_第10页

What do experimental paradigms tell us about alcohol-related aggressive responding? 关于酒精相关的攻击性反应，实验范式告诉了我们什么?

Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement Pub Date : 1993-09-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsas.1993.s11.20

R Gustafson

引用次数: 61

Interrelationships between victimization experiences and women's alcohol use. 受害经历与妇女饮酒之间的相互关系。

Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement Pub Date : 1993-09-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsas.1993.s11.109

B A Miller, W R Downs, M Testa

{"title":"Interrelationships between victimization experiences and women's alcohol use.","authors":"B A Miller, W R Downs, M Testa","doi":"10.15288/jsas.1993.s11.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsas.1993.s11.109","url":null,"abstract":"The interrelationships between experiences of childhood victimization and the development of women's alcohol-related problems are explored. Two different forms of childhood victimization are examined: (1) parent-to-child violence and (2) childhood sexual abuse (familial and nonfamilial). Data were collected from 472 women between the ages of 18 and 45 during in-depth interviews. Women were grouped to allow for the following two sets of comparisons: comparison 1: alcoholics in alcoholism treatment (n = 98), drinking drivers (n = 100) and a household sample (without alcohol problems) (n = 82); comparison 2: women with alcohol problems in treatment (n = 178), women without alcohol problems in treatment (n = 92) and a household sample (n = 82). High rates of childhood victimization for women with alcohol problems suggest that there is a link between victimization and the development, specifically, of women's alcohol problems. The strength of the interrelationships between childhood victimization and the development of women's alcohol problems when holding the treatment condition constant is of particular interest in this study. The rates of childhood victimization were significantly greater for women with alcohol problems in treatment as compared to women without alcohol problems in treatment. Thus, even when holding the treatment condition and family background variables constant, childhood victimization has a specific connection to the development of women's alcohol problems. These findings remained significant even when controlling for demographic and family background differences, including parental alcohol problems.","PeriodicalId":17056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement","volume":"11 ","pages":"109-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15288/jsas.1993.s11.109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19396666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 332

Alcohol and violent pornography: responses to permissive and nonpermissive cues. 酒精和暴力色情:对宽容和不宽容暗示的反应。

Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement Pub Date : 1993-09-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsas.1993.s11.118

J Norris, K L Kerr

{"title":"Alcohol and violent pornography: responses to permissive and nonpermissive cues.","authors":"J Norris, K L Kerr","doi":"10.15288/jsas.1993.s11.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsas.1993.s11.118","url":null,"abstract":"Both alcohol consumption and violent pornography have been implicated independently in the commission of sexual aggression. In addition to alcohol consumption, the presence of alcohol in the context of violent pornography may act as a permissive cue to influence judgments of such material's acceptability and self-reported likelihood of engaging in sexually violent behavior. To test this proposition, an experiment which varied beverage condition (alcohol vs no alcohol), expectancy set (expect vs do not expect alcohol) and a permissive (presence of alcohol) vs nonpermissive (absence of alcohol) cue was conducted on both male and female subjects. Secondary analyses on male subjects alone investigated the role of the personality trait hypermasculinity in affecting judgments. Results showed that (1) alcohol itself rather than expectancy set influenced judgments and willingness to engage in sexual violence; (2) the presence of alcohol interacted with alcohol consumption to affect willingness to engage in sexual violence; (3) men high in hypermasculinity judged the violent pornographic story more positively than did men low in this trait; and (4) alcohol interacted with hypermasculinity to affect acceptability judgments, but only for men low on this trait. These findings are consistent with cognitive disruption models and show promise for future investigations of the influence of permissive cues, as well as the role of hypermasculinity.","PeriodicalId":17056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement","volume":"11 ","pages":"118-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15288/jsas.1993.s11.118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19396667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 78

Deterring drunken driving: an analysis of current efforts. 阻止酒后驾驶:对当前努力的分析。

Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement Pub Date : 1985-07-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsas.1985.s10.122

H L Ross

引用次数: 44

The role of research in policy decisions. 研究在决策中的作用。

Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement Pub Date : 1985-07-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsas.1985.s10.211

P W Haseltine

引用次数: 5

Social and cultural contexts of the drinking-driving event. 酒驾事件的社会和文化背景。

Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement Pub Date : 1985-07-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsas.1985.s10.70

J R Gusfield

引用次数: 25

Licensing and other controls of the drinking driver. 对酒后驾驶的执照和其他控制。

Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement Pub Date : 1985-07-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsas.1985.s10.150

P F Waller

引用次数: 20

The role of mass media in alcohol and highway safety campaigns. 大众媒体在酒精和公路安全运动中的作用。

Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement Pub Date : 1985-07-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsas.1985.s10.184

J B Haskins

引用次数: 19

Review of the major risk factors. 审查主要的危险因素。

Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement Pub Date : 1985-07-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsas.1985.s10.47

H C Joksch

引用次数: 11

Absorption, distribution and elimination of alcohol: highway safety aspects. 酒精的吸收、分配和消除:公路安全方面。

Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement Pub Date : 1985-07-01 DOI: 10.15288/jsas.1985.s10.98

K M Dubowski

{"title":"Absorption, distribution and elimination of alcohol: highway safety aspects.","authors":"K M Dubowski","doi":"10.15288/jsas.1985.s10.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15288/jsas.1985.s10.98","url":null,"abstract":"Key aspects of the pharmacokinetics of alcohol are highly relevant to highway safety. Of particular pertinence are the partition of alcohol between various body tissues and fluids and the resulting alcohol concentration ratios for blood: breath and other body fluids, as well as the irregularity and short-term fluctuations of the blood and breath alcohol curves. Most alcohol pharmacokinetics parameters are subject to wide intersubject variability, as exemplified by peak blood alcohol concentrations reached on ingestion of identical weight-adjusted doses, time to peak after end of drinking and the rate of alcohol elimination from the blood. This great biological intersubject variability, when combined with sex-, age- and time-related differences, makes the blood alcohol information in widely distributed alcohol consumption nomograms and tables based on mean data inappropriate as a guide for the drinking behavior of individuals. Although there is good statistical correlation between the alcohol concentration of different body tissues and fluids in the fully postabsorptive state, wide individual variations from the population mean alcohol partition values exist. It is often impossible to determine whether the postabsorptive state has been reached at any given time. Those factors make it impossible or infeasible to convert the alcohol concentration of breath or urine to the simultaneous blood alcohol concentration with forensically acceptable certainty, especially under per se or absolute alcohol concentration laws. Inclusion of breath alcohol concentrations in drinking-driving statutes, as definitions or per se offense elements, makes unnecessary the conversion of breath alcohol analysis results into equivalent blood alcohol concentrations. Urine alcohol concentrations are inadequately correlated with blood alcohol concentrations or with driver impairment, and analysis of bladder urine is, therefore, inappropriate in traffic law enforcement. Significantly large sex-related differences in pharmacokinetic parameters have been demonstrated (e.g., in peak blood alcohol concentrations for weight-adjusted doses). The effects of age and time of day have been less extensively studies and are less clear. Breath and blood alcohol time curves are subject to short-term fluctuations from the trend line and other irregularities, and often do not follow the typical Widmark pattern. From the existing information on pharmacokinetics of alcohol and the characteristics and variability of blood and breath alcohol versus time curves, the following conclusions can be reached.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":17056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement","volume":"10 ","pages":"98-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15288/jsas.1985.s10.98","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14977653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 151