Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development最新文献_第2页

Exploring Background Noise During Learning: A Neurofeedback Study 探索学习过程中的背景噪音:一项神经反馈研究

Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.33736/jcshd.5867.2023

Nurul Hanim Nasaruddin, None Farah Dania Hipni, None Noraisah Arbadul

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Background Music on The Screen-Based Reading Material Among University Students: An Eye Tracking Study 背景音乐对大学生屏幕阅读的影响:眼动追踪研究

Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.33736/jcshd.5933.2023

Mohd Izuan Ibrahim, None Rukiah A. Latif, None Afiq Mustafa Kamal

{"title":"The Effects of Background Music on The Screen-Based Reading Material Among University Students: An Eye Tracking Study","authors":"Mohd Izuan Ibrahim, None Rukiah A. Latif, None Afiq Mustafa Kamal","doi":"10.33736/jcshd.5933.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcshd.5933.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Reading performance is a crucial skill that can predict success in education. Many factors can influence reading performances, such as background music and perceiving the sentences while reading. This study explores the effects of music on screen-based reading materials among health sciences university students. One hundred twelve participants from The National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Campus, participated in this study. Participants were asked to read and understand the general theme text given on the computer screen. The participants were segregated into two groups according to their preferred way of reading, either music or non-music. Then, participants in the music group randomly listened to rap or classic music (rap = 86 BPM or classic = 161 BPM) using a Sony headphone (MDR-XB450AP) while reading. The reading duration was recorded, and reading comprehension was determined by the correct answers to four questions based on the text. A webcam-based GazeRecorder software was used to measure the eye-tracking metrics (dwell time, first view time, and number of AOI views) on the area of interest (AOI). Reading speed is significantly associated with reading comprehension (rs = -0.1933, p = 0.0412). Reading duration, reading speed, and reading comprehension were not considerably different while listening to and not listening to music. The results show a similar pattern in all eye-tracking metrics. However, the reading duration while listening to rap music (2.68 ± 1.94 minutes) was significantly shorter (U = 299.5, p = 0.02642) compared to classical music (3.42 ± 1.91 minutes). Moreover, reading speed is significantly higher (U = 299.5, p = 0.02642) while listening to rap music (139.38 ± 102.96 wpm) as compared to classical music (109.47 ± 51.51 wpm). Music seems not to affect reading performance and eye-tracking metrics. Despite this, rap music can improve reading performance by reducing the reading duration and increasing reading speed.","PeriodicalId":170307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136337351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cultural Beliefs, Mental Health Literacy, and Help-Seeking Behaviours Among Young Sarawak Indigenous Adults 文化信仰、心理健康素养与沙捞越原住民青年的求助行为

Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.33736/jcshd.5930.2023

None Chan Wan Xin, None Salmah Bt Mohamad Yusoff

引用次数: 0

Benefits of Physical Exercise on Working Memory Performance: A Systematic Review of Functional MRI Studies 体育锻炼对工作记忆表现的益处:功能性核磁共振研究的系统综述

Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.33736/jcshd.5973.2023

Farah Islah Mohamd Tarmizi, Elza Azri Othman

{"title":"Benefits of Physical Exercise on Working Memory Performance: A Systematic Review of Functional MRI Studies","authors":"Farah Islah Mohamd Tarmizi, Elza Azri Othman","doi":"10.33736/jcshd.5973.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcshd.5973.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Working memory (WM) is a mental workspace that stores and processes information. A good WM performance has been associated with enhanced cognitive functions. Recent neuroimaging studies show evidence that physical exercises cause functional alterations in specific WM-related brain regions and these neuroplastic changes are presumed to contribute to enhanced WM performance. However, the evidence was based on studies of various types of physical exercise, with each reporting different findings. Furthermore, the effect of the different types of physical exercise on the WM-related brain regions remains elusive as reports are often inconsistent. This paper presents a systematic review of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that have examined the effect of physical exercise on WM performance and the underlying neural mechanism. Articles were searched in the PubMed and Scopus databases and analysed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Five articles were included, of which three reported only on closed-skill exercises and two reported on open-skill and closed-skill exercises. The main finding is that both open-skill and closed-skill exercises can improve WM performance. For open-skill exercises, the types of physical activity found to improve WM performance were tennis, basketball, badminton, ping-pong, soccer, and dodgeball. On the other hand, the close-skill exercises were running, cycling, swimming, jumping ropes, Wushu, jumping jacks, squats, and planks. However, practising yoga was not associated with improved WM performance. Functional imaging revealed that open-skill exercise evoked more significant brain activity in WM-related brain regions than closed-skill exercises. The review also offers recommendations for future works and underscores the importance of fMRI in sports science.","PeriodicalId":170307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development","volume":"441 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136337047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Knowledge of Anxiety Disorders in Primary School Students Through Jigsaw Puzzle Activity 通过拼图活动提高小学生对焦虑障碍的认识

Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.33736/jcshd.5589.2023

Charles Ganaprakasam, Tinagaran Selvarajah, Tatchayani Santreseker, Muralitharan Shanmugam

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Parental Attachment Styles on the Expression of Personality Traits among Emerging Adults: A Study of UK University Students 父母依恋类型对初成人人格特征表达的影响:一项针对英国大学生的研究

Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.33736/jcshd.6023.2023

Sahar Azizi, Chris Smyth

{"title":"The Impact of Parental Attachment Styles on the Expression of Personality Traits among Emerging Adults: A Study of UK University Students","authors":"Sahar Azizi, Chris Smyth","doi":"10.33736/jcshd.6023.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcshd.6023.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research indicates that attachment to primary caregivers significantly influences individuals’ personality traits and exerts lasting effects on their interpersonal relationships in adulthood. This study investigated the impact of parental attachment styles to primary caregivers on the Big-Five Personality traits during the period of Emerging Adulthood. Participants (N = 184) comprised students enrolled at an English University utilising convenience sampling. Using a quantitative methodology, a one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was employed to examine the relationship between parental attachment styles (Secure, Insecure, and Avoidant) and the Big-Five-Personality traits (Openness, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism). Participants completed two online questionnaires (The Big-Five Inventory Scale (BFI) and The Adult Scale of Parental Attachment – Short Form) to measure the effects of parental attachment style to a primary caregiver on the Big-Five Personality traits. The results revealed a statistically significant main effect of parental attachment style on the Big-Five Personality traits in emerging adults, with Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism showing notable significance. Furthermore, a gender-based comparison between those reporting a male or female primary caregiver presented similar results, particularly for female primary caregivers. These findings explain the essential role of primary caregivers in shaping their children’s development, providing valuable insights that may assist primary caregivers in better understanding their impact on their children’s future lives. This study contributes to our understanding of the manifestation of personality traits across the lifespan. It could act as a catalyst for future research investigating personality manifestation at critical periods across the lifespan.","PeriodicalId":170307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136278510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Career Growth on Employee Turnover Intention in Sarawak Construction Industry 职业成长对沙捞越建造业员工离职意愿的影响

Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.33736/jcshd.5879.2023

None Amelia Goh Jiaying, Agatha Lamentan Muda

引用次数: 0

Understanding Inclusive Playgrounds 了解包容性游乐场

Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.33736/jcshd.5738.2023

Mohd Daniel Mohd Idros, None Puteri Fadzline Muhamad Tamyez, Wan Zaiyana Mohd Yusof, Hafizoah Kassim, Muhammad Ashraf Fauzi@Fauri

{"title":"Understanding Inclusive Playgrounds","authors":"Mohd Daniel Mohd Idros, None Puteri Fadzline Muhamad Tamyez, Wan Zaiyana Mohd Yusof, Hafizoah Kassim, Muhammad Ashraf Fauzi@Fauri","doi":"10.33736/jcshd.5738.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcshd.5738.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Inclusive education has shown an increasing interest in teaching students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) through playgrounds. This approach not only fosters the development of social skills but also enhances cognitive and emotional growth in learners. Although the playground's impact on the skills of ASD students has been acknowledged, some criticism stems from the lack of a precise conceptualisation. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of teaching through playgrounds in improving problem-solving abilities. While there is a growing body of research on hands-on learning through playgrounds, a challenge remains in tailoring the learning experience to accommodate individual differences among ASD learners. Detailed discussions on supporting personalised learning experiences and cognitive enhancement in the playground setting are lacking. This paper is a literature review and qualitative investigation to address these gaps. The main contributions are twofold: first, it offers a review of how the physical space of the playground design impacts the development of children with ASD, and second, it suggests several implications for future research based on extensive literature review and qualitative study.","PeriodicalId":170307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136337204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of Intelligence Quotient in Healthy Individuals using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review 磁共振成像技术在健康个体智商评估中的应用综述

Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.33736/jcshd.5938.2023

None Nur Liana Amran, Elza Azri Othman

{"title":"Estimation of Intelligence Quotient in Healthy Individuals using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review","authors":"None Nur Liana Amran, Elza Azri Othman","doi":"10.33736/jcshd.5938.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcshd.5938.2023","url":null,"abstract":"The intelligence quotient (IQ) is typically used to reflect human intelligence. Conventional IQ tests are commonly used to assess an individual’s level of intelligence. However, the reliability of these conventional methods remains controversial as they are vulnerable to bias and often yield inconsistent results. Interestingly, emerging evidence suggested that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be an alternative method to estimate a person’s level of intelligence, as IQ is closely linked with the brain's structure. In this article, we systematically reviewed published studies on the estimation of IQ in healthy individuals using MRI. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was performed in the PubMed database. The literature search focused on studies reporting on brain structures associated with IQ in healthy individuals and the effects of brain structural changes on IQ. 22 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Key brain regions associated with IQ are grey matter (GM), white matter (WM), caudate nucleus, left hemisphere, limbic system, frontoparietal (FP) cortices, and default-mode network (DMN). The critical effect of ageing on brain changes and its impact on IQ were also discussed. Overall, the findings suggested that brain structures play a significant role in IQ levels in healthy individuals. This systematic review highlights the potential use of MRI in estimating IQ by examining brain structures. Nonetheless, available MRI studies were limited by methodological issues. Future MRI investigations should include well-characterized groups of females and matched male healthy individuals while considering confounding factors such as types of IQ tests.","PeriodicalId":170307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136278517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a Reflective Practice Guideline (C-E-R-M-I-N) for Nursing Students in the Malay Language 马来语护理学生反思实践指南(C-E-R-M-I-N)的发展

Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.33736/jcshd.5817.2023

Mohammed Rasheedan Ellin, None Dayang Zuraina binti Abang Haji Kashim, Mohamad Azhari Abu Bakar

{"title":"Development of a Reflective Practice Guideline (C-E-R-M-I-N) for Nursing Students in the Malay Language","authors":"Mohammed Rasheedan Ellin, None Dayang Zuraina binti Abang Haji Kashim, Mohamad Azhari Abu Bakar","doi":"10.33736/jcshd.5817.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/jcshd.5817.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Reflective practice is an integral aspect of nursing education and professional development. However, there is a lack of reflective practice guidelines available in Malay that Malaysian nursing students can effectively utilise. This study aimed to address the gap by developing a reflective practice guideline specifically tailored for nursing students in the Malay language to enhance their learning experience. This study's method involved reviewing existing reflective learning models, adapting the terminologies into the Malay language, and selecting appropriate words for each stage of reflection. To ensure face validity, a discussion was held with subject matter experts, who provided valuable insights and recommendations for further refinement of the guideline. The developed reflective practice guideline was named C-E-R-M-I-N, which stands for C-cerita (describe), E-emosi (emotion), R-rasional (rationale), M-mengambil iktibar/inisiatif (drawing lessons/initiative), and N-nomborkan mengikut prioriti (number according to priority). The C-E-R-M-I-N reflective practice guideline is designed to benefit nursing students, particularly those who use Malay as their main communication language. C-E-R-M-I-N provides a framework in their native language that eases comprehension and memory. Future work on the guideline could focus on its impact on nursing students' reflective skills, critical thinking skills, and overall professional growth.","PeriodicalId":170307,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136337213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0