Journal of Rice Research and Developments最新文献_第10页

Sustainable Agricultural Intensification and Climate Smart Agricultural Practices for Improved Food and Climate Security 可持续农业集约化和气候智能型农业实践，以改善粮食和气候安全

Journal of Rice Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.58297/laxg1026

V. Pv

{"title":"Sustainable Agricultural Intensification and Climate Smart Agricultural Practices for Improved Food and Climate Security","authors":"V. Pv","doi":"10.58297/laxg1026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/laxg1026","url":null,"abstract":"The grand challenge of increasing production and access to nutritious and safe food to meet growing populations under threat to climate change and climate variability requires systems and transdisciplinary approaches towards agri-food systems. Sustainable agricultural intensification (SAI) focuses on increasing agricultural production from existing farmland without any adverse environmental impacts. There are three major components of SAI which include: (i) genetic intensification (e.g., focused on improving yields, resistance to pests and diseases, tolerance to abiotic stresses, increasing nutritional quality of food products, and using precision breeding, genetics, and genomics tools); (ii) ecological intensification (e.g., focused increasing diversification, farming, cropping and agroforestry systems, resource use efficiency, integrated water, nutrient and pest management); and (iii) socio-economic intensification (e.g., focused on markets, value addition, income generation, policy, creating enabling environment, and building social capital). Climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices emphasize greenhouse gas emissions, water footprint, and focus on both adaptation and mitigation strategies. Few selected SAI and CSA practices include minimum and no-tillage; cover crops; crop diversity and genotypes selection for effective water use and stress tolerance; diversification (crop mixtures and rotations; perennials, agroforestry systems; forage crops; dual purpose crops); and nutrient recycling from livestock. Overall, developing adoption and scaling of these practices will require convergence of biophysical and social sciences, participatory approaches, public and private sector engagement and commitment of resources from all donor agencies for research and development, human and institutional capacity building.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81882236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engineering Inputs for Mechanizing System of Rice Intensification (SRI) 水稻集约化机械化系统的工程投入

Journal of Rice Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.58297/juuc5698

A. .

引用次数: 0

Mechanization for Precision Rice Farming Systems: A Success Story from Andhra Pradesh, India by Praanadhaara 精准水稻种植系统的机械化:印度安得拉邦的成功故事，Praanadhaara

Journal of Rice Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.58297/qjmz4684

Harischandraprasad Tottempudi, Kiranprakash Nekkanti, Pundarikakshudu Kurra, V. ..., Sreedhar Yerram, M. R

引用次数: 0

Socio-Economic and Ecological Challenges for System of Crop Intensification (SRI/SCI): Sustainable Productivity-Enhancing Innovation for Household Food Security 作物集约化系统的社会经济和生态挑战(SRI/SCI):可持续提高生产力的家庭粮食安全创新

Journal of Rice Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.58297/sdfl6021

Barah Bc

引用次数: 0

Evolving Seed System for System of Crop Intensification: Policy Needs 作物集约化系统的种子系统进化:政策需求

Journal of Rice Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.58297/qyhs1818

Varaprasad Ks, L. C, B. S, R. A.

引用次数: 0

Breeding Climate Smart Sugarcane Varieties for Diversified Uses 培育气候适应型甘蔗品种，实现品种多样化

Journal of Rice Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.58297/owpa4387

Hemaprabha G

引用次数: 0

Biochemical factors associated with vegetative phase resistance against yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) in land races of rice 水稻土地小种营养期抗黄茎螟虫的相关生化因素

Journal of Rice Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.58297/mixg4169

Megha Cm, V. L, S. B, Anusha Sb

{"title":"Biochemical factors associated with vegetative phase resistance against yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) in land races of rice","authors":"Megha Cm, V. L, S. B, Anusha Sb","doi":"10.58297/mixg4169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/mixg4169","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 50 local land races were screened against infestation of yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) at vegetative phase under natural infestation (0 to 65%) during kharif 2019. Among them 18 land races were selected from each category of resistance based on standard evaluation system for rice. The estimation of biochemical constituents in rice stem (60 days old plants) of different categories was done to establish a relationship between various biochemical components with resistance/ susceptibility. Studies revealed that higher amounts of total sugars, reducing sugars and crude proteins were found in susceptible lines compared to resistant land races and were positively correlated with stem borer infestation. Total free amino acids, total phenols and tannins were found to be higher in resistant than susceptible varieties and were negatively correlated. The mineral content in the stem viz., nitrogen was positively correlated whereas phosphorous and potassium were found in higher quantities in resistant categories (2.19 – 2.37%) than susceptible ones and were found to be negatively correlated with infestation of yellow stem borer (-0.95).","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84389044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the molecular variability in Ustilaginoidea virens, the rice false smut pathogen with ISSR markers 利用ISSR标记对稻曲病病原菌黑穗病的分子变异进行评价

Journal of Rice Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.58297/vfnt1970

Ladhalakshmi D, Yugander A, Laha Gs, V. A, B. K, Divya Balakrishnan, P. ., B. M, Aparna Md, Prasad Ms

{"title":"Assessing the molecular variability in Ustilaginoidea virens, the rice false smut pathogen with ISSR markers","authors":"Ladhalakshmi D, Yugander A, Laha Gs, V. A, B. K, Divya Balakrishnan, P. ., B. M, Aparna Md, Prasad Ms","doi":"10.58297/vfnt1970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/vfnt1970","url":null,"abstract":"Rice false smut disease is gaining importance because of its impact on the grain yield and its toxin production ability. Fifty-eight isolates of Ustilaginoidea virens were collected from different rice-growing regions of India. DNA of U. virens was isolated by the CTAB method and fifty ISSR primers were screened for molecular variability studies. Twelve primers viz., UBC series 807, 808, 809, 810, 811, 812, 834, 835, 836, 840, 841, and 842 were selected to study the genetic variability. Different parameters of tested primers viz., heterozygosity (Hn), polymorphism information content (PIC), effective multiplex ratio (EMR), marker Index (MI), and resolving power (RP) were calculated. Primers UBC 812 and UBC 809 recorded maximum heterozygosity (Hn). The PIC values ranged from 0.10 to 0.27 and UBC 807 recorded the maximum value of 0.27. The EMR value varied from 6.75 to 24.0, Similarly, UBC 807 recorded the highest value of MI (24) and RP (8.55). A dendrogram was generated using the DARwin software (version 6.0.21A) based on the unweighted neighbor-joining cluster method. All the fifty-eight U. virens isolates were grouped into three major clusters. Clusters I and II had 21 and 35 U. virens isolates respectively. Cluster III had only two isolates. The isolates showed genetic variations and there was no specific grouping based on the geographical distance.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78827518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypersensitive response and induced resistance in rice gene differentials against biotype 1 of Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae at Mandya, Karnataka 印度卡纳塔克邦Mandya地区亚洲稻瘿蚊(Orseolia oryzae) 1型基因差异的超敏反应和诱导抗性

Journal of Rice Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.58297/mjyg3539

V. L, Patil Su, S. B, Kitturmath Ms

{"title":"Hypersensitive response and induced resistance in rice gene differentials against biotype 1 of Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae at Mandya, Karnataka","authors":"V. L, Patil Su, S. B, Kitturmath Ms","doi":"10.58297/mjyg3539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58297/mjyg3539","url":null,"abstract":"Hypersensitive reaction (HR) and induced resistance were noticed in resistant rice genotypes infested by gall midge. Detailed observations on Phalguna (Gm2 gene), Abhaya (Gm4 gene), ARC 5984 (Gm5 gene) infested with gall midge biotype 1 revealed that the infestation triggered HR in the plant, leading to extensive tissue necrosis at the apical meristem and browning of central leaf. This was followed by maggot mortality and premature tillering. In susceptible genotypes this phenomenon was not evident. HR leading to necrosis is fatal to host plant but premature tillering was observed. Further, the secondary tillers were infested subsequently with the gall midge biotype 1 eggs at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after primary infestation, and maggots failed to establish and cause silver shoot. However, HR was observed 6 days after secondary tiller infestation, when the primary tillers were infested 28 days after. But cent per cent maggot mortality was observed, regardless of the time interval between infesting primary and secondary tillers in all the HR + plants. Thus, the HR is not confined to the tillers of primary infestation but it also triggers systemic acquired resistance in other tillers in Phalguna, Abhaya and ARC 5984, whereas, in W1263 (Gm1 gene), HR+ was not evident but antibiotic effects were observed along with maggot mortality.","PeriodicalId":17022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rice Research and Developments","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77781237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Line x tester analysis for deducing heterosis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) 推断水稻杂种优势的x系试验分析

Journal of Rice Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.58297/srnz2394

Modunshim Maring K, M. –, Patel Pb

引用次数: 0