2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)最新文献

{"title":"Reduction of proximal metal structures interference for a Holographic RADAR 3D-Printed antenna","authors":"L. Bossi, P. Falorni, L. Capineri, G. Pochanin, F. Crawford","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843184","url":null,"abstract":"Holographic RADAR images are used for investigating dielectric discontinuities in the soil. We use a holographic RADAR for landmine classification in humanitarian demining efforts. To improve the performance of the holographic RADAR, we developed an innovative 3D-Printed plastic waveguide antenna. The back-lobe radiation of this antenna interacts with the metallic mechanical scanning system generating artefacts in the images. To reduce the interaction effects, we built a Faraday cage for the antenna. To validate the performance of this shielded antenna we built a laboratory test bed in which electromagnetically similar objects to landmines could be placed in a controlled environment to inspect and visualize the shield’s effects. For this experiment we have used a box filled with water. The results show that the Faraday cage has a significant impact on the attenuation of interference in the images. These encouraging results indicate that our antenna design can be improved by reducing the radiation back lobe effect.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125375019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the dispersion law of materials by means of multi-length TDR data","authors":"R. Persico, I. Farhat, L. Farrugia, C. Sammut","doi":"10.3390/rs14092003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14092003","url":null,"abstract":"In this contribution a method for retrieving the dispersion law of a material under test (MUT) is proposed, based on TDR measurements. In particular, we propose a multilength approach for TDR measurements in reflection mode repeated at several frequencies. By replacing the multi - frequency measurements with measurements using multi-length TDR probe at each frequency, it is possible to retrieve the complex equivalent permittivity of the MUT in a band of interest. The algorithm has been validated vs. numerical full wave data simulated with the commercial code CST Microstudio.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124364039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible pavement diagnosis methodology based on GPR assessment","authors":"S. Fontul, M. Solla, V. Pérez-Gracia","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843187","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents best practices resulting from various experiments done with Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) for pavement assessment. It is intended to contribute for a better methodology to identify and validate pavement distresses and to correlate them with pavement structural condition. The approach presented herein is focused on the GPR information required for bearing capacity evaluation of pavements, namely to establish the structural model of the pavement for backcalculation based on loading tests. The use of both air- and ground-coupled antennas is addressed according to the testing purpose. The division of the pavement into homogeneous zones and the identification of local anomalies is addressed herein. Recommendations are presented and future perspectives are also herein referred.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"57 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120993846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using horizontal borehole GPR data to estimate the effect of maize plants on the spatial and temporal distribution of dielectric permittivity","authors":"Lena Lärm, F. Bauer, J. van der Kruk, J. Vanderborght, H. Vereecken, A. Schnepf, A. Klotzsche","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843173","url":null,"abstract":"Agro-ecosystems and their yield productivity are influenced by root water and nutrient uptake. This uptake depends on the crop root architecture and the soil water content distribution within the soil-root zone. Investigating this zone and its processes can help to optimize agricultural practices, like irrigation and fertilization and therefore helps to achieve the goal for sustainable crop production. Mini-rhizotrons have shown to be effective to non-invasively investigate the soil-root zone throughout crop growing seasons using horizontal rhizotubes installed at different depths in the subsurface. In this study, in-situ time-lapse crosshole ground penetrating radar measurements and root images were collected over three maize crop growing seasons at two mini-rhizotron facilities in Selhausen, Germany. These facilities allow to measure data at six different depths ranging between 0.1 m – 1.2 m and for three different plots with varying treatments. The dielectric permittivity was derived from the horizontal crosshole GPR measurements by using standard ray-based analysis along a pair of rhizotubes. Such horizontal permittivity slices can be linked to soil water content using petro-physical relationships. The root architecture is expressed as root length density and is derived from the images, using a workflow combining state-of-the-art software tools, deep neural networks and automated feature extraction. The results of the dielectric permittivity indicate horizontal and vertical variations, depending on weather conditions, soil properties, and root architecture. To quantify the impact of the roots on the spatial and temporal distribution of the dielectric permittivity, we used statistical methods to eliminate the effects of soil heterogeneity, tube deviations and daily evapotranspiration changes. Resulting in permittivity variation along the rhizotubes impacted by the presence of roots.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128813789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of stretching of the reference signal at determining coordinates of the objects with 1Tx + 4Rx antenna system","authors":"V. Ruban, G. Pochanin, L. Capineri, T. Bechtel, T. Ogurtsova, O. Orlenko, P. Falorni, F. Crawford","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843167","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the possibility of improving the probability of detecting objects using a UWB radar with 1 transmitter and 4 receivers antenna system. The influence of “stretching” of the reference signal on the level of the Pearson coefficient for signals reflected from objects and determination of the times of flight is investigated.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131513335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UAV radar imaging: system prototype, data processing and experimental assessments","authors":"G. Esposito, C. Noviello, I. Catapano, G. Fasano, F. Soldovieri","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843140","url":null,"abstract":"The paper summarizes recent research activities concerning design and testing of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) radar imaging system. The activities regard: i) the assembly of the system; ii) the development of imaging approaches; iii) the experimental validation. The system uses a compact, light, high frequency and wideband, short-range radar. The data processing approaches are capable of accounting for the UAV positions, as estimated by means of a strategy based on the Carrier-phase Differential Global Positioning System (CDGPS) technique, as well as data gathered along single and multiple measurement lines. The validation tests account for both single and multiple line surveys carried out in autonomous flight mode. Specifically, we present a preliminary validation carried out on a properly designed scenario and a measurement campaign performed at the Archeological Park of Paestum & Velia.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122228794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Deep Learning framework for Ground Penetrating Radar","authors":"O. Patsia, A. Giannopoulos, I. Giannakis","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843168","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning (ML) is becoming a more frequently used approach to deal with GPR and other electromagnetic problems, which due to the complexity of the data, require new more complex solutions. We have developed an ML framework to provide solutions to specific GPR applications and scenarios. The ML tools utilize neural networks (NNs) and a large training set originating from simulations that include a digital twin of a real GPR transducer. The applications investigated are background removal, automatic estimation of the background bulk permittivity in conjunction with a reverse time migration (RTM) scheme that utilizes the ML outputs and is applied to reinforced concrete slab scenarios. The schemes are validated using both synthetic and real data, showing a very good accuracy and demonstrating the success of the ML algorithms. Although, this ML framework is applicable to certain applications and scenarios, it can be easily extended to other classes of problems.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126709377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GPR survey in the Crypt of the Cathedral of Otranto","authors":"G. Leucci, L. Longhitano, L. De Giorgi, F. Comisi","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843186","url":null,"abstract":"A study of the problem of deterioration of stone buildings of cultural importance, integrating different non destructive techniques (microclimatic and Ground Penetrating Radar) is proposed. It is well known in fact that this deterioration can be attributed to the presence of water and/or moisture in the porous material that occurs in water-damaged and humid buildings, due to poorly manufactured constructions and inadequate maintenance. The distribution of moisture within stone mainly depends on not suitable environmental condition and by the presence of wet buried structures in the ground. The Ground penetrating radar (GPR) survey was carried out inside the Crypt of the “Cattedrale di Otranto” (Lecce, South Italy). The careful analysis of the 0.4 m spaced GPR parallel profiles, acquired in the Crypt, using a Sir2 GSSI radar system with a 500 MGHz antenna, allow us to distinguish the wet and moisture zone. GPR data were displayed in time slices form to obtain both the amplitude and the moisture variations map. Moreover GPR data were displayed in the form of frequency slices to evidence absorption losses probably linked to higher moisture content. The GPR data were compared with microclimatic data, acquired in a precedent campaign of measures. Microclimatic and GPR data are in good agreement and suggest that an important channelling of moisture has origin in the subsoil.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121743647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GPR and passive seismic investigations in the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie at Campi Salentina (Lecce, Italy)","authors":"E. Colica, G. Leucci, G. Rizzo, S. D’Amico, L. De Giorgi, R. Persico, L. Galone, L. Longhitano","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843185","url":null,"abstract":"In the present contribution we propose the results of an integrated measurement campaign including ground penetrating radar and passive seismic data achieved in the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie at Campi Salentina, a town close to Lecce, in southern Italy. The passive seismic results corroborate the interpretation of the main (quite numerous at it will be shown) anomalies identified thanks to the GPR investigation.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132463776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On GPR signal polarity reversal","authors":"D. Campo","doi":"10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwagpr50767.2021.9843176","url":null,"abstract":"Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) signal amplitude is the main signal attribute used for GPR data interpretation as, by observing its variations, it is possible to identify buried targets or material changes. 180-degree phase shifts, commonly referred to as polarity reversal, are also used to infer the material nature (e.g., voids). This paper presents an analysis of the polarity reversal occurrence through the definition of the reflection and transmission coefficient for perpendicular and parallel polarization of the electric field, showing different scenarios with the help of Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) numerical modelling in ideal lossless conditions as well as lossy/dispersive environments. Real radargrams are also presented to corroborate the forward modelling findings.","PeriodicalId":170169,"journal":{"name":"2021 11th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar (IWAGPR)","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134412256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}