{"title":"Cotton-Glass Fiber Outdoor Fabrics","authors":"G. Ruppenicker, C. O. Graham","doi":"10.1177/009346588301300202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588301300202","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton yarns reinforced with a glass fiber core were used to produce outdoor fabrics suitable for tentage, tarpaulins, and similar uses. The yarns were made on a conventional ring spinning frame modified to continuously insert a multifilament core, and contained from 17% to 57% glass fiber. The experimental yarns were evaluated as filling in common warps. Canvas type fabrics in a weight range of from 6 to 8 oz./sq.yd. were woven. The fabrics were given a typical commerical finish for 100% cotton which included mineral dyeing and the application of a wax emulsion to impart water repellency. Fabrics were produced from the cotton/glass filament core yarns that were considerably stronger than those containing 100% cotton yarns. The experimental fabrics also lost less strength in accelerated weathering tests. Glass fiber reinforced fabrics treated with a flame retardant had better flammability resistance than 100% cotton fabrics. Appearance, hand, and finishing characteristics of the core yarn fabrics were similar to those of the all-cotton fabrics. Use of the glass fiber reinforced yarns could result in the production of stronger, lighter weight outdoor fabrics with the many desirable inherent properties of cotton.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128487593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ignition of Fabric-Cushion Systems","authors":"C. Hilado, P. A. Huttlinger","doi":"10.1177/009346588101100203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588101100203","url":null,"abstract":": The ignition characteristics of the fabric-cushion systems used in upholstered furniture appear to be influenced by test conditions, fabric variables, and substrate as much as by the chemical composition of the fabric and cushioning material.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134480039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smolder Resistant Backcoating Technology for Upholstered Furniture Fabric","authors":"Barry Saxe","doi":"10.1177/009346588101100204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588101100204","url":null,"abstract":"PHOLSTEREO FURNITURE FIRES account for more deaths and property U damage than any other consumer product. Last year in the United States there were 25,000 residential fires in which the initial item ignited was upholstered furniture, primarily due to smoldering cigarettes. These fires resulted in 1,200 deaths and with property damage estimated a t $1 19 million. Both the furniture industry and the Consumer Products Safety Commission (CPSC) expected that a voluntary flammability program developed by the Upholstered Furniture Action Council (UFAC) in 1978 would alleviate the problem of fires in upholstered furniture. This program incorporates a fabric classification system along with an engineered safety concept based on certain construction criteria for a finished furniture product. However, the results of extensive testing by CPSC of furniture built in compliance with the UFAC program indicated a high rate of failure and brought into question the effectiveness of the UFAC program. This has prompted discussions between CPSC and UFAC to effect improvements in current furniture flammability practices. At the same time, California has modified i ts flammability regulation on polyurethane cushioning to include a smolder requirement Further evaluation work i s underway in California which may lead to a flammability or smolder resistant standard for fabrics as well as to the possibility of a small scale composite testing requirement. Based on both CPSC concerns and the activities in California, it is evident that a more effective flammability standard for upholstered furniture will be forthcoming, be it voluntary or mandatory or under","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132879250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coating: Science, Engineering, or Art?","authors":"R. R. Grant","doi":"10.1177/009346588101100205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588101100205","url":null,"abstract":"H E D E F I N I T I O N O F Art which can be used in this analysis is that T which involves skilled operator performance utilizing creative technique. While these qualities are highly desirable in the field of graphic arts, manufacturing processes tend to speafy the application of the knowledge of pure science as expressed by mathematics, physics, chemistry, and related academic disiplines. Engineering a complete coating system involves not only the coating and web handling equipment, careful consideration of the enegy input system, air pollution control apparatus, energy conservation, and material handling, but careful evaluation of the cost efficiency of the overall operation. Reducing the amount of individual operator discretion in favor of automatic control is highly desirable; however, the input of trained scienceoriented personnel is a necessary component of such an effort.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131770646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Year-Round Energy Balances with Fiberglass Solar Screening","authors":"Charles Brakefield","doi":"10.1177/009346588101100202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588101100202","url":null,"abstract":"T HAS BECOME increasingly apparent that energy saving products with I short term payback qualities, increased longevity, low initial installation cost, and aesthetically pleasing appearance, are overdue in the world marke tplace. It is f e l t that one such product is Phiferglass Sunscreen@. Although this product has in i t s four year history undergone numerous tests to determine shading coefficients, strength, fire retarding capabilities, and is manufactured meeting criteria established by the Screen Manufacturers Association, a need was fe l t to determine results of the product under stringent laboratory conditions. The author's company's has had an ever increasing amount of inquiries from technicians in the commercial building field as to effects of our product when left in place year-round. Th,ese inquiries have prompted our authorizing the National Certified Testing Lab of Alexandria, Virginia, to institute stringent laboratory analysis of the capabilities of fiberglass solar screening. Some interesting possibilities had been implied in studies addressing the thermal performance of wind reducing porous screening and its effect on the annual energy balance. The question we sought an answer to was \"Could the effect of lower thermal conductivity on heat lo& or gain come close to equalizing the potentially beneficial winter solar heat gain if the solar screens were left in place the year around?\" Earlier studies by leading authorities in the fenestration field had established a heat transfer coefficient tha t they hypothesized would be attained by reducing 15 mph violent wind to 2 mph with the use of exterior mounted wind reducing porous screening. This hypothesis indicated that a reduction in wind velocity would","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124300100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Silicone — Glass Cloth for Solar Glazing","authors":"B. Van Wert, C. Currin","doi":"10.1177/009346588101100206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588101100206","url":null,"abstract":"OLAR ENERGY PRACTITIONERS continue t o seek better glazing S materials. As part of this search, we are working to combine the durability and dimensional stability of sheet glass with the reduced cost, ease of installation and resistance to breakage of common plastic films. A number of new glazing materials are being introduced to the solar industry. Silicone resin coated glass cloth is an candidate with potential for exceptional durability and strength. Silicones are well known in many industries, including the construction industry, for their outstanding resistance to weathering, insolation, and other extreme environmental forces. This durability results from the basic structure: unlike common polymeric materials, silicones have a chemical structure similar to glass, involving a high energy bond between silicon and oxygen atoms. Silicones are a large class of synthetic materials recognized for suitability in thousands of applications with temperatures ranging from -5OF to over 400F, for use in wet or damp environments, for flame resistance and for their biological inertness [ 1, 21. Recent basic research has also shown that the environmental fate of the most common silicone structure i s a breakdown to ultimately form silicic acid and carbon dioxide, and silicic acid has been shown to support the growth of diatom cultures [31. But unlike other polymers based on carbon atoms, silicones usually do not have sufficient strength to form strong unsupported films like polyethylene or acrylics. This can be overcome by coating silicones on strong fabrics, and glass cloth is preferred, for several reasons: high strength, durability, inertness, and chemical compatibility. Silicone-coated glass'cloth has been used for many years as premium electrical insulation. It is made by running a web of glass cloth through","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132511838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Industry News: New Brochure on Fabric Structures Offers Design Data for Architects and Engineers","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/009346588101100201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588101100201","url":null,"abstract":"Glass fabric coated with \"Teflon\" has been used in architectural design since the early 1970's. It is an accepted material for such large scale projects as the 105acre Haj Terminal a t the King Abdul Aziz International Airport in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Nearly 5.5 million square feet of glass fabric coated with \"Teflon\" was used to form the spacious open-air Haj terminal a t the world's largest airport. Other installations highlighted in the new brochure include university","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127338989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economics of Spun Replacement in Industrial Fabrics","authors":"Richard L. Widenhouse","doi":"10.1177/009346588101000403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588101000403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125256676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solventless Fabric Coating by Radiation Curing Part V: Flame Retardant Binders","authors":"W. K. Walsh, B. S. Gupta, S. Greene","doi":"10.1177/009346588101000401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588101000401","url":null,"abstract":"HISSTUDY,PARTV of a series of papers on fabric coating [ l , 2,3,41 T was devoted to the assessment of the potential of using radiation energy in curing and polymerizing reactive and non-reactive flame retardants in mixtures with the radiation curable polyurethane coating compositions. The effect of different flame retardants, oligomers and monomer compositions on cure rate, flammability and physical properties was investigated. In the development of radiation curable adhesives, binders, and coatings for textiles, flame retardancy is a desirable property in several end uses, such as apparel and upholstery. Most polyurethane coatings are not highly flammable as a result of the relatively high nitrogen content. Their flammability has been re viewed by Schmidt [51, -and Kuryla and Papa [6]. Increased flame retardancy can usually be obtained in polyurethane coatings by incorporating in the coating retardant additives such as polyhalogenated compounds, antimony oxide, and/or phosphorus compounds. In this investigation, a number of reactive and non-reactive flame retardants","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122155639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nextel 312 Ceramic Fiber from 3M","authors":"Donald Johnson","doi":"10.1177/009346588101000402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009346588101000402","url":null,"abstract":"M S NEXTELBIZ continuous filament fibers represent a major ad3 vancement in refractory fiber technology. Many unique applications are possible with these metal oxide fibers that are stiff yet flexible, round, dense, smooth, transparent and chemically resistant. These truly continuous fibers can be readily converted into textiles without the aid of other fiber or wire inserts resulting in ceramic texti les which meet tough thermal and electrical performance require. ments. Typical textile products include woven fabrics and tape, braided sleeving and ply twisted yarns and cordage that can withstand temperatures up to 2600°F for extended periods and short term exposure to 3000°F with l i t t le stretching or shrinking. Additionally, the Nextel 31 2 fibers are suitable reinforcing fibers for resin and perhaps ceramic and metal matrix composites particularly where a high temperature resistant reinforcing fiber or fabric is desired. Nextel 312 Ceramic Fibers are currently available commercially. This paper discusses the unique combination of physical, chemical and electrical properties of the fibers and some of the uses for the fibers.","PeriodicalId":170115,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Coated Fabrics","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131258442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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