Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Lithium geo-resources in pan-African pegmatites of Nigeria - an evaluation of their geological and geochemical characteristics and implications for mineral exploration","authors":"M. A. Olade","doi":"10.4314/gjpas.v31i2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v31i2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Nigeria has recently witnessed the discovery of several high-grade lithium deposits in pegmatites of Late Proterozoic (Pan-African} age. The lithium- bearing rare-metal pegmatites occur as dykes and sill-like bodies of relatively small dimensions (averaging 500m x 20m x 100m) intersecting mostly low to medium-grade metasediments and metavolcanics of Nigeria's Proterozoic “Schist Belts’. These pegmatites are structurally controlled and belong in chemical composition to the Lithium-Cesium-Tantalum (LCT) family of pegmatites and most commonly enriched in the lithophile elements and mineralized in places with Li, Nb-Ta, Sn and Be. Their distribution is confined mainly to a broad WSW-ENE trending zone within the Precambrian basement complex which is now designated as a metallogenic “pegmatite province” regarded as a northeastern extension of the well-known Eastern Brazilian Pegmatite Province (EBPP). Commercial deposits of lithium, first reported in Nigeria in 2018, have been observed in at least six states, namely; Oyo, Kwara, Kogi, Ekiti, Nasarawa, Kaduna and the Federal Capital Territory. Other states with lithium prospects of unknown economic value are Cross River, Bauchi, Niger, Edo and Taraba. Lithium mineralization occurs as disseminated crystals, mineral veins and felted masses or clusters of the main ore minerals, spodumene and lepidolite, with scattered crystals of the minor minerals; polylithionite, amblygonite and petalite. Apparently, there is some sort of regional zoning in the distribution of the lithium minerals in which spodumene is dominant over lepidolite in the southwest region of Oyo and Kwara states (spodumene>>lepidolite); lepidolite is almost exclusive in the west-central region of Kogi and Ekiti States, while lepidolite and polylithionite (both Li micas) exceed or equal spodumene abundance (lepidolite>spodumene) in most parts of the north-central region of Nasarawa and south Kaduna State. The deposits are relatively high grade, ranging from <0.5% Li2O to up to 13% Li2O, with the high-end values being attributed mostly to surficial enrichment. The globally accepted cut-off grade for lithium is 0.4% Li2O. This paper evaluates the geological and geochemical characteristics of the LCT rare-metal pegmatites, and the mode of occurrence of the lithium mineralization and their economic potential. There is an apparent relationship between lithium mineralization and the presence of low to medium-grade metasedimentary host rocks of the Proterozoic schist belts. Most of the lithium pegmatites do not show any spatial, temporal or genetic relationship with the well-known Pan-African granites (aka Older Granites). It is surmised that the lithium pegmatites are mostly of anatectic origin, derived from partial melting and anatexis of Al-rich and Li-rich metapelites during low to medium-grade regional metamorphism, followed by fractionation of the pegmatite melts in the waning and post-tectonic phase of the Pan-African collisional o","PeriodicalId":16968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology","volume":"31 2","pages":"139-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147904446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Threat of Multidrug-resistant Bacteria – An Experience from a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Mohammad Sayim Wani, Somayya Tariq, Gulnaz Bashir, Munaza Aman, Anjum Ara Mir, Irfan Nisar Ahangar","doi":"10.22207/jpam.19.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.19.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms that cause septicemia are responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates among patients in extreme age groups and pose serious treatment challenges despite multipronged measures. This hospital-based study was conducted in the Postgraduate Department of Microbiology at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kashmir (India) to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacteria that cause neonatal sepsis. As the resistance pattern of causative agents varies among hospitals, the study results suggest an appropriate empirical therapy for neonatal sepsis needs to be devised in our hospital. Neonatal sepsis, diagnosed by clinicians in the neonatal intensive care unit on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings, was categorized as early-onset sepsis (EOS) or late-onset sepsis (LOS) according to whether clinical presentation occurred at <72 h after birth or between 72 h and 28 days of life, respectively. Blood samples collected from 1200 neonates were cultured in a BacT/ALERT® 3D system (bioMerieux, Inc., Durham, NC, USA). Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using a VITEK 2 Compact system (bioMerieux). Of the 1200 blood cultures, 126 (10.5%) were bacteremia positive. Of these 126 cultures, 73 (58%) contained gram-positive bacteria, which occurred predominantly in the EOS group (p < 0.001), whereas 53 (42%) contained gram-negative bacteria, which were equally distributed in both groups. Bacteremia was more common in the EOS group (n = 88; 70%), with Staphylococcus aureus (n = 25; 20%) being the predominant isolate, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 20; 15.9%). In total, 38 (30%) isolates were recovered in the LOS group, with Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 11; 9%) being predominant, followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 9; 7%). Fifty-six (44.4%) and 28 (22.2%) isolates from the EOS and LOS groups, respectively, were MDR, with Staphylococcus spp. (n = 49; 38.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 17; 13.5%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 14; 11.1%) in particular showing high resistance rates. With the high prevalence of MDR infections, colistin and vancomycin can be used as initial empirical therapies in our hospital setting. This study underscores the urgent need for robust antimicrobial stewardship and infection control measures to combat the increasing threat of MDR bacterial infections in neonates.","PeriodicalId":16968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology","volume":"19 2","pages":"989-997"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147912269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Serogroup B Specific Footrot Vaccine with Montanide ISA 61 VG Adjuvant for Prophylactic and Therapeutic Use in Sheep","authors":"Arham Quraishi, I. Hussain, Shaheen Farooq, Zahid Amin Kashoo, Najeeb ul Tarfain, Sabia Qureshi, Mir Nadeem Hassan, Mohd Altaf Bhat, Mansoor Nabi Mir, Syed Mudasir Ahmad, Syed Akram Hussain, Zahoor Ahmad Wani","doi":"10.22207/jpam.19.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.19.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Virulent footrot represents as a significant contagious ailment affecting sheep, with Dichelobacter nodosus being the primary agent responsible for transmitting the disease. Vaccinations and various management practices are utilized to control the disease. In this study, we cultured D. nodosus in broth culture under reducing conditions and formulated a vaccine using Montanide oil as adjuvant. The efficacy of the vaccine was assessed in sheep to determine its ability to elicit an effective immune response and its therapeutic potential. D. nodosus serogroup B (JKS-07B strain) was grown in a modified TAS broth and a whole cell killed vaccine was prepared using 1.5 × 109 cells per dose, along with the oil adjuvant Montanide ISA 61 VG. The vaccine trial was conducted in sheep and two doses of the vaccine were given subcutaneously with a 30 days interval between the doses. The serum antibody titers in the vaccinated animals were measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 days post-vaccination using the microplate agglutination test. Protective antibody titers (≥ 3000) were achieved by the 30th day following the primary vaccination in all animals, reaching their peak at the 60th day. The protective level of antibody titers was maintained up to 120 days following the primary vaccination. The vaccine also demonstrated a therapeutic effect in animals that were clinically affected. Animals with a lesion score of 2 took 18-21 days for recovery, while those with a lesion score of 3-4 took 40-47 days to recover from lameness.","PeriodicalId":16968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology","volume":"19 1","pages":"255-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147899657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Group B Streptococcal and Candida Infections in Antenatal Women Visiting a Tertiary Care Hospital and the Neonatal Outcome","authors":"Abraham Faby, M. Anuradha, R. Rachel, Saswati Tripathy, Sajeethakumari Raveendran","doi":"10.22207/jpam.18.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.18.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive tract infections in antenatal women are frequently occurring public health concern affecting the quality of life in the infected women and further affects the neonatal outcome negatively. Vaginal infections are predominantly caused due to the disturbance in the normal vaginal microflora. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major peritoneal pathogen leading to morbidity and mortality in both mother and neonates leading to complications like preterm labour, chorioamnionitis and Preterm rupture of membrane (PROM). Further, Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a frequently encountered gynaecological disease causing morbidity in 3/4th of women at least once in their life span. It leads to infertility in non-pregnant women. It results in adverse pregnancy outcomes such as chorioamnionitis and congenital abnormalities in the neonates. The aim of this study is to screen for potential bacterial and yeast infections with focus on GBS and Candida infections and its neonatal outcome. Candida species and GBS were identified by routine culture-based tests. HiChrome agar was used for speciation of Candida species. CAMP test was performed for GBS; further identification was done using Streptococcal grouping kit. GBS was found in 15% of the antenatal women and Candida Species was found to be most common with an infection rate of 50%. Lower segment Cesarean section (LSCS) rate in GBS positive women was 60% and in Candida Non albicans positive women was found to be 65.38%. 33% of the neonates born to GBS positive mothers had respiratory distress. Infection in antenatal women negatively influenced the mode of delivery and the mean body weight of the neonates born to infected mothers were comparatively less.","PeriodicalId":16968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology","volume":"25 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Characterization of the Tmg-4 Magnesium Transporter with the GQN Motif from Neurospora crassa","authors":"Sireesha Radarapu, Neelima Gorityala, Uday Kumar Banala, S. Sagurthi, Premsagar Korripally","doi":"10.22207/jpam.17.4.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.17.4.60","url":null,"abstract":"To unveil the physiological relevance of magnesium and its transport pathways in Neurospora crassa, the vegetative, asexual, and sexual phases of development were investigated. Notably, a regular rate of hyphal growth extension was observed in media without magnesium supplementation. Further, conidia and perithecia formation was completely abolished under the same conditions. By estimating the levels of mycelial cations, magnesium was identified as the 3rd most abundant ion and its transport was found to be mediated by four putative CorA magnesium transporters: Tmg-1, Tmg-2, Tmg-3, and Tmg-4. Among these, the Tmg-4 transporter encoded by the NCU07816.5 (tmg-4) gene possesses a GQN motif instead of the universally conserved GMN motif of CorA magnesium transporters. Phenotypic analysis of the knockout mutant strain, Δtmg-4, revealed stunted vegetative growth, acquired partial cobalt resistance, and reduced levels of mycelial magnesium compared to that of the wild type strain. Further, tmg-4 gene expression remained unchanged during vegetative development but was upregulated by three-fold in the sexual cycle. Collectively, these results validate tmg-4 and its encoded protein as functional novel variant in the CorA superfamily magnesium transporters of fungi.","PeriodicalId":16968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio Evaluation of Lantibiotic Nisin Loaded Polyvinyl Alcohol – Sodium Alginate Crosslinked Hydrogel As Novel Dental Temporary Filling Material","authors":"Mridula R. Chandran, R. Usha","doi":"10.22207/jpam.17.4.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.17.4.49","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of oro-dental disorders has emerged as a serious threat to the healthcare sector owing to the increasing complexity of the oral microbiome. Significant advances in biomaterial research have led to the advent of a plethora of drug delivery systems including nanocarriers, dendrimers, hydrogels and other kinds of stimuli-responsive polymeric biomaterials. Anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) have engendered considerable interest in the past decades as potential alternatives to traditional disinfecting agents and also emerged as potent antibiofilm agents. Among the most viable approaches in targeted drug delivery, hydrogels incorporated with AMPs are emerging as bio-functional platforms yielding increased stability and bioavailability. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Nisin are studied using microbiological methods followed by the synthesis of Nisin loaded PVA-Alginate hydrogel for dental treatment. The physicochemical characteristics of Nisin loaded hydrogel were done by swelling behavior, release kinetics assay, FTIR spectroscopic methods and cytotoxicity studies. Nisin showed antibacterial activity towards clinical isolates of drug-resistant bacteria and the antibiofilm and anti-adhesion studies demonstrated that Nisin could control the bacterial count in the test sample. The polymerization of Nisin into hydrogels was done and the physico-chemical characterization of Nisin loaded hydrogel network could be envisaged as a potential drug delivery platform for oral infections. Nisin loaded PVA-Alginate biocompatible hydrogel exhibited apparent swellable, flexible, nonhaemolytic materials and active antimicrobial and nontoxic materials. Physicochemical properties of these Nisin loaded PVA-Alginate biocompatible hydrogels have great potential in biomaterial-based drug delivery systems in controlling the growth and proliferation of major oro-dental pathogens. This could be exploited for the temporary biocompatible dental filling materials to treat the caries. Exploring potential nisin loaded hydrogel delivery systems will provide a brighter future of more friendly, effective and personalized treatment to deal with dental caries.","PeriodicalId":16968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology","volume":"117 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GC-MS Characterization of Eupatorium odoratum (L.) Leaves Essential Oil and Evaluation of In vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity","authors":"Enna Choudhary, Navneet Bithel, Tanuja Sharma, Priyanka Saini, M. Rajput","doi":"10.22207/jpam.17.4.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.17.4.54","url":null,"abstract":"The leaves essential oil of Eupatorium odoratum (L.) obtained by the hydro-distillation method was light yellowish in colour, having pungent aromatic fragrance with the yield of 0.010%. Fifteen secondary metabolites were identified via the GC-MS analysis of the essential oil and tau-Cadinol (20.10%) was found to be the major secondary metabolite in the essential oil followed by α Bisabolol (15.33%), cis-muurola-4 (14) 5- diene (10.79%), Isobornyl acetate (6.40%), and Isocaryophyllene (5.39%). The antimicrobial efficacy was investigated via agar well diffusion technique and essential oil was most effective against P. aeruginosa with inhibition zone 22.00±0.57 mm, which was followed by E. coli (19.00±0.57 mm), S. aureus (18.33±0.33 mm), K. pneumoniae (16.50±0.33 mm), and S. pyogenes (11.00±0.33 mm). MIC and MBC values were observed lowest against P. aeruginosa, i.e. 3.12µl/ml and 6.24µl/ml, respectively. Antioxidant activity of essential oil was investigated by DPPH and H2O2 scavenging assay and IC50 value was found very low, i.e. 10.58µl/ml and 11.76µl/ml, respectively, so the essential oil was considered as a potential antioxidant agent. The results validate scientifically the traditional utilization of leaves essential oil of E. odoratum in traditional medicinal system and confirmed that it can be used as modern phytomedicines as an antimicrobial as well as antioxidant agent.","PeriodicalId":16968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology","volume":"76 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138606370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbidities and their Impact on COVID-19 Severity","authors":"Quratulain Maqsood, Nazim Hussain, Mehvish Mumtaz, Abdul Wajid, A. Sumrin","doi":"10.22207/jpam.17.4.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.17.4.53","url":null,"abstract":"The current COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus strain. Although SARS-CoV-2 infection can affect everyone, the kind and degree of infection and sickness vary widely between individuals and populations. It has been crucial since reported disease loads and case fatality rates vary greatly among countries. However, there are still uncertainties about the severity of the illness in certain people and, in other cases, the aetiology of a more severe illness. Various chronic conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory ailments, and immunodeficiency disorders, have been identified as significant risk factors for COVID-19. These comorbidities not only increase the susceptibility to contracting the virus but also exacerbate the severity of symptoms and the likelihood of adverse outcomes, including hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and mortality. The objective of this article is to point out the proliferation of COVID-19 in relation to different diseases affecting the clinical outcome of COVID-19. The study included 1500 patients with various diseases such as HCV, HBV, kidney disease, heart disease, asthma, T.B., arthritis, smokers, and vaccinated or unvaccinated. Results showed that 22% of diabetic patients, 40% of heart patients, 40% of asthma patients, 26% of kidney patients, 25% of T.B patients, and 41% of smokers had high corona positive. Coronavirus positivity was found in 34% of vaccinated patients and 72% of non-vaccinated patients, with an overall calculated p-value of 0.0001 by ANOVA statistical analysis. The overall outcome of the results showed that the severity of Corona disease increased in relation to different diseases.","PeriodicalId":16968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology","volume":"114 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Staphylococcus aureus Activity of the Aqueous Ethanolic Extract of Solenostemma argel Aerial Parts","authors":"M. Alkuwayti","doi":"10.22207/jpam.17.4.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.17.4.55","url":null,"abstract":"Solenostemma argel (Asclepiadaceae) is a beneficial folk medicine used to treat many diseases, including the kidney, liver, and stomach diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity of an aqueous ethanolic extract of Solenostemma argel (AEESA) and identify its phenolic and volatile compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). As revealed using the disc diffusion test and DNA cleavage analysis, S. argel extract was active against Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 31.6 g/mL. Sixteen phenolic compounds of AEESA were analyzed using HPLC, wherein the phenolic compounds: pyrocatechol (9519.95 µg/g), ferulic acid (3221.41 µg/g), chlorogenic acid (3221.41 µg/g), and gallic acid (2730.85 µg/g) were the most abundant. Additionally, naringenin (2262.80µg/g) and quercetin (1750.25µg/g) were the major flavonoids. GC-MS analysis of AEESA revealed 30 volatile compounds, the major percentages of 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-, methyl ester (33.44%), ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate (7.22%), and butylated hydroxytoluene(5.46%), followed by 2-Pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl (4.77%), 2-Pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl (3.35%), Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol, and acetate (3.Beta; 3.35%). The application of S. argel extract in reducing the growth of biofilms would subsequently diminish the development of antibiotic resistance and promote the future uses of plant extract components.","PeriodicalId":16968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology","volume":"116 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic Properties and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Bacillus spp. Isolated from Ethnically Fermented Soybean","authors":"Welfareson Khongriah, Ruchika Maurya, K. Kondepudi, Santa Ram Joshi","doi":"10.22207/jpam.17.4.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.17.4.50","url":null,"abstract":"Bacillus spp. probiotics used as feed additives can form spores and tolerate the harsh conditions of the human digestive system and are beneficial for the treatment of inflammatory bowel syndrome. Since reports on probiotics and anti-inflammatory properties of Bacillus spp. isolated from the fermented food of Northeast India have not been explored much. The present study focused on Bacillus spp. BN5, AY5, and AN8, possessing these desired properties. In the probiotics study, the isolates were screened for their tolerance to acid and bile salt, auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, cholesterol assimilation, antibiotic resistance, and antagonistic properties. It was found that these isolates possessed the desirable probiotic traits. The Bacillus spp. culture and their supernatant were also screened for their ability to reduce LPS-induced inflammation in murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells. All the Bacillus spp. culture and their supernatant treatments were found to reduced the Nitric oxide (NO) production by LPS-induced cell lines. The supernatant of LPS-induced cell lines were also analyzed to measure the level of inflammatory cytokine production. It was found that the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were reduced after co-treatment with LPS and Bacillus spp. culture or LPS and Bacillus spp. supernatant. Results suggested that the Bacillus spp. are potential probiotic candidates with anti-inflammatory properties.","PeriodicalId":16968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology","volume":"73 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138606657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}