Journal of Rare Earths最新文献

{"title":"Novel mesoporous CeVWOx/TiO2 nanosheets for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3","authors":"Shihao Li ,&nbsp;Mengli Han ,&nbsp;Youlin Liu ,&nbsp;Ronghai Zhang ,&nbsp;Xu Wang ,&nbsp;Jianhai Wang ,&nbsp;Sasa Gu ,&nbsp;Yuesong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, we report the self-sacrificial template strategy to design mesoporous layered CeVWO_<em>x</em>/TiO₂ catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH₃ (NH₃-SCR). As-fabricated CeVWO_<em>x</em>/TiO₂ catalysts with unique mesoporous and layered structure were successfully prepared through the synthesis of Ce,Ti-MOFs by solvothermal method, the impregnation of vanadium and tungsten in Ce,Ti-MOFs and high temperature calcination process. As NH₃-SCR catalysts, well-designed CeVWO_<em>x</em>/TiO₂ catalysts exhibit excellent SCR activity with the NO_<em>x</em> conversion of over 90% between 210 and 470 °C. Meanwhile, CeVWO_<em>x</em>/TiO₂ shows superior tolerance to water vapor and SO₂. The features of unique mesoporous layered nanostructure, surface acidity, tunable reducibility, active and the strong interaction of active metal oxide and support in CeVWO_<em>x</em>/TiO₂ nanosheets should contribute to the improved SCR performance. <em>In situ</em> diffuse reflection infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) analysis indicates that both Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L-H) and Eley-Rideal (E-R) mechanisms are present on the surface of CeVWO_<em>x</em>/TiO₂ at low temperature. This work offers a facile strategy to design and fabricate efficient 2D deNO_<em>x</em> catalyst.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16940,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rare Earths","volume":"43 3","pages":"Pages 500-507"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic improvement of damping capacity and mechanical properties of magnesium alloy prepared with UHP technology","authors":"Dan Wang ,&nbsp;Peizhao Huang ,&nbsp;Ruizhi Wu ,&nbsp;Hailiang Huang ,&nbsp;Tao Zhong ,&nbsp;Cunwei Zou ,&nbsp;Yaqiang Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The contradictory relationship between the damping capacity and strength of metals, governed by dislocation mechanisms, poses a challenge in improving simultaneously through dislocation strengthening. Accordingly, exploring novel methods to synergistically enhance mechanical properties and damping capacity is designated as a focal research subject in recent years. The study at hand aims to tackle this challenge through the manipulation of microstructures in Mg-Y-Er-Zn-Zr alloy via ultra-high pressure (UHP) heat treatment, yielding Mg-based alloys of exceptionally lightweight with outstanding damping and mechanical characteristics. After UHP, a significant refinement in the alloy's grain size is observed, with the average grain size decreasing from 114 to 23 μm, accompanied by substantial introduction of dislocations into the matrix, along with the emergence of twin within the matrix. The tensile strength of M-6GPa-1000 alloy subjected to UHP treatment achieves 326 MPa, demonstrating a 95% increase compared to ordinary heat treatment alloys while maintaining an elongation of 11.9%. Additionally, the damping capacity value <em>Q</em>⁻¹ of M-6GPa-1000 alloy treated with UHP during the low-strain zone is 0.03, exhibiting a threefold increase compared to that of the conventionally heat-treated alloy. Through UHP treatment, the alloy's microstructure is regulated, achieving a synergistic enhancement of strength and damping capacity. The study comprehensively analyzes the synergistic improvement of mechanical and damping characteristics in the alloy. The proposed UHP technology holds significant potential for the fabrication of advanced Mg-Re components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16940,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rare Earths","volume":"42 12","pages":"Pages 2279-2284"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure evolution of extruded Mg-RE-Ag alloy during short-time heat treatment","authors":"Zehua Li ,&nbsp;Jinghuai Zhang ,&nbsp;Shujuan Liu ,&nbsp;Jiaming Hao ,&nbsp;Liyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yuying He ,&nbsp;Haodong Zhang ,&nbsp;Xingkai Jiao ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruizhi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microstructure regulation via short-time heat treatment is conducive to the optimization in the microstructure and properties of precipitable magnesium (Mg) alloys, but there is currently a lack of relevant studies. In this work, the microstructure evolution of a Mg-RE-Ag alloy during different short-time heat treatments was characterized and discussed. The results show that extreme short-time heat treatment (ESHT, e.g., 2 min) at 450–480 °C can greatly increase solute concentration in Mg matrix through the rapid re-dissolution of the second-phase and simultaneously maintain fine grains, while the ESHT at a too high temperature (e.g., 510 °C) is not suitable due to excessive grain growth and coarse second phase regenerated at grain boundaries. It is found that 480 °C is the approximate critical temperature for appropriate ESHT, and further prolongation of the time will lead to excessive grain growth. It is suggested that in addition to grain boundary migration, grain rotation is activated, resulting in the annihilation of high-angle grain boundaries with relatively low misorientation, as well as the reduction in the ability of the residual second phase to pin grain boundaries. In addition, the reasons for the abnormal grain boundary segregation and grain boundary continuous phase were analyzed from the perspective of interfacial energy. This study provides a basis for effective microstructure regulation of Mg-RE alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16940,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rare Earths","volume":"42 12","pages":"Pages 2350-2361"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gd(OH)3 and Gd(OH)3-based heterostructures: Synthesis and their photocatalytic, drug delivery, contrast agents, and toxicity studies","authors":"Shaidatul Najihah Matussin,&nbsp;Mohammad Hilni Harunsani,&nbsp;Mohammad Mansoob Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The syntheses of Gd(OH)₃ and Gd(OH)₃-based nanomaterials have been reported and these materials have been developed as excellent MRI contrast agents. Due to the close interrelation between their morphology and properties, it has resulted in the development of various particle sizes and shapes of Gd(OH)₃ and Gd(OH)₃-based nanomaterials. This has led to the extension of the uses of the materials to photocatalysis, drug delivery, and CT image contrast agents. Accordingly, these applications have been compiled and discussed in depth in this review. The potential of these materials in the above applications has started to attract significant attention. Moreover, the compilation of <em>in-vitro</em> toxicity studies from the literature was also discussed to facilitate the biocompatibility of the developed Gd(OH)₃ nanomaterials. However, despite the rapid progress of Gd(OH)₃ and Gd(OH)₃-based nanomaterials, there are still knowledge gaps in certain areas. Therefore, this review provides insights into the recent development of Gd(OH)₃ and Gd(OH)₃-based nanomaterials to aid in accelerating novel developments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16940,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rare Earths","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 1100-1109"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ synthesis of Z-scheme CeO2@WO3 heterojunction with aromatic rings as electron medium for efficient photocatalytic degradation of perfluorobutane sulfonate","authors":"Shihai Cao ,&nbsp;Haocheng Yang ,&nbsp;Cheng Cheng ,&nbsp;Jinheng Dai ,&nbsp;Shuaishuai Lu ,&nbsp;Yao Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic technology has been proven to be a simple and effective method for degrading recalcitrant organic pollutants. In this study, a series of Z-scheme heterojunction nanocomposites composed of CeO₂ and terephthalic acid-modified WO₃ was prepared and further used as photocatalysts for perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) degradation. In this design, terephthalic acid was used as an electron recombination center and heterojunction mediator, which effectively enhances the migration ability of electron–hole pairs and the physicochemical stability of the catalyst. In addition, <em>in situ</em> synthesis of CeO₂ onto the WO₃ surface by the coordinate bond between terephthalic acid and Ce ions can avoid CeO₂ agglomeration. As a result, the CeO₂@WO₃ photocatalyst exhibits excellent PFBS degradation ability (94% for CeO₂@WO₃ vs. 19% for CeO₂). After the fifth cyclic degradation experiment, the CeO₂@WO₃ photocatalyst still maintains stable degradation efficiency. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism of the PFBS in CeO₂@WO₃ photocatalytic process was analyzed by free radical trapping experiment and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique. This study provides new insights for constructing Z-scheme heterojunction and demonstrates that CeO₂@WO₃ photocatalysts possess a promising prospect for degrading PFBS pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16940,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rare Earths","volume":"43 3","pages":"Pages 470-479"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggregation behavior of Ce–Mg–Mn–O–S composite inclusions in silicon-killed bearing steel and their evolution during heat treatment","authors":"Zirui Yan ,&nbsp;Wan Zheng ,&nbsp;Huirong Zhang ,&nbsp;Guo Zhao ,&nbsp;Guangqiang Li ,&nbsp;Jing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to mitigate the harm of alumina, calcium aluminate, and magnesium aluminum spinel inclusions on the fatigue performance of bearing steel, the effect of Ce–Mg composite treatment on the cleanliness of silicon-killed GCr15 bearing steel and the evolution of Ce–Mg–Mn–O–S composite inclusions during heat treatment of the steels at 1523 K were investigated in this present work. The results indicate that the cleanliness of S2 with 0.0045 wt% Ce and 0.0016 wt% Mg is better than that in S1 with 0.0020 wt% Ce and 0.0011 wt% Mg, which is attributed to the more effective removal of Ce–Mg–Mn–O–S composite inclusions, with help of good aggregation capacity of Ce-containing inclusions and small volume density of Mg-containing inclusions, due to the increase of rare earth and magnesium content. The aspect ratio and area fraction of the Ce–Mg–Mn–O–S composite inclusions in as-cast steel decrease significantly with isothermal treatment at 1523 K for 150 min, due to the effect of (i) Ostwald aging mechanism of inclusions and (ii) sulfide solid solution during isothermal treatment. With the increase of isothermal treatment time from 150 to 550 min, the aspect ratio and area fraction of the inclusions in S0 (untreated steel) and S1 decrease slightly, because spheroidization and solid solution of inclusions reach their basic equilibrium at 1523 K. However, the aspect ratio and area fraction of the Ce–Mg–Mn–O–S composite inclusions in S2 actually increase, and the inclusions evolve into three-phase (two-phase) inclusions, which is attributed to (iii) transformation of phase compositions in inclusions and interfacial reaction between inclusions and steel matrix during isothermal heating. Therefore, the control of inclusions in silicon-killed bearing steel with Ce and Mg composite treatment should be combined with specific heat treatment processes and appropriate rare earth and magnesium contents, to minimize the damage of inclusions on the fatigue performance of bearing steel products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16940,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rare Earths","volume":"43 3","pages":"Pages 628-640"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High strength and elongation of Mg-Gd-Nd-Zr alloy obtained by synergistic action of high-speed extrusion and short-time aging treatment","authors":"Simin Shen ,&nbsp;Guangxiao Ren ,&nbsp;Xijuan Cao ,&nbsp;Hongxia Wang ,&nbsp;Binshan Wang ,&nbsp;Jin Wang ,&nbsp;Lifei Wang ,&nbsp;Weili Cheng ,&nbsp;Kwangseon Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnesium–gadolinium (Mg–Gd)-based alloys have excellent high-temperature properties and the addition of two heterogeneous rare earth (RE) elements may promote the formation of secondary phase for better-strengthened properties. Herein, novel Mg-7Gd-2Nd-0.5Zr (wt%) alloys were prepared by synergistic reaction induced by high-speed extrusion (EX) and short-time aging treatment (AT). The microstructures, textures, and mechanical properties of the resulting alloys were then comprehensively studied by various analytical methods. The result reveals that the as-cast Mg-7Gd-2Nd-0.5Zr (wt%) alloy is composed of <em>α</em>-Mg matrix and Mg₅(Gd,Nd) phase with bony and continuous networks at grain boundaries. The microstructure presents coarse deformed grains and fine recrystallized grains after high-speed EX, and formation of typical <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>0001</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>∥</mo></mrow></math></span> ED extruded fiber texture and [<span><math><mrow><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>2</mn><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>] RE texture is observed. The EX22 sample exhibits more Mg₅(Gd,Nd) precipitated phases, fuller DRXed grains, and shorter peak aging times than the EX9 sample. After the AT at 250 °C, the proportion of deformed grains decreases due to static recrystallization, which leads to a reduction in the average grain size and weakening of the texture intensity. Therefore, combined effect of all strengthening mechanisms aids in achieving balance of high-strength and high-elongation for Mg-7Gd-2Nd-0.5Zr (wt%) alloy. The values of yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and elongation (EL) of EX22-A sample at room temperature are found to be 292.5 MPa, 350.6 MPa, and 24.3%, respectively. Overall, this study provides relevant experimental basis and theoretical guidance for the development of high-strength Mg-RE alloys, which are useful for future consideration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16940,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rare Earths","volume":"42 12","pages":"Pages 2196-2207"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141705972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interface structure of α-Mg/14H-LPSO: First-principles prediction and experimental study","authors":"Yuan Shi,&nbsp;Xiaohua Zhang,&nbsp;Hongyan Yue,&nbsp;Chao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interfacial structure of the <em>α</em><span><span>-Mg/14H-LPSO phase in rare earth-including magnesium alloy<span> was investigated via high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) imaging and first-principles calculations of density-functional theory. Eleven possible interfacial models were constructed according to the different terminations of the LPSO phase, and the corresponding </span></span>interfacial energies<span><span> were calculated, from which the four most stable structures (Ter1-MgY-hollow, Ter2-Zn-hollow, Ter3-MgYII-hollow and Ter4-Mg-bridge) were obtained. The interfacial phase diagrams related to the Y chemical potentials were obtained from the calculations, and the most stable interfacial structure was evaluated. Ter1-MgY-hollow and Ter2-Zn-hollow have the lowest </span>interfacial energies in the range of −0.7 eV &lt; Δ</span></span><em>μ</em>_Y<span> &lt; −0.6 eV, where fluctuating change of state is the minimized and the interface is the most stable. The separation work of the two models was calculated to predict the bonding strength of the structures at both ends of the interface. The calculation results show that the maximum interfacial separation work is 1.45 J/m</span>² for the interface model of <em>α</em>-Mg and 14H-LPSO phase structure with Ter2-Zn-hollow termination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16940,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rare Earths","volume":"42 9","pages":"Pages 1792-1799"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of crystal and microstructures of RETaO4 (RE = Nd, Sm, Gd, Ho, Er) powders synthesized via co-precipitation","authors":"Jiang Tian ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Xunlei Chen ,&nbsp;Keren Luo ,&nbsp;Baihui Li ,&nbsp;Di Zhang ,&nbsp;Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Bing Xu ,&nbsp;Zhiyi Ren ,&nbsp;Shixiao Yan ,&nbsp;Xiaoliang Sun ,&nbsp;Chi Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.06.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.06.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ferroelastic rare earth tantalates (RETaO₄) are widely researched as the next-generation thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), and RETaO₄ powders are hugely significant for synthesizing their coatings. The current research used chemical co-precipitation within an automated experimental device to synthesize RETaO₄ (RE = Nd, Sm, Gd, Ho, Er) powders. The device automatically monitored and controlled the solutions' pH, improving the chemical co-precipitation efficiency. The crystal structure and microstructure of the RETaO₄ powders can be controlled by changing the annealing temperature, and the materials undergo an <em>m</em>'-<em>m</em> phase transition. The <em>m</em>'-RETaO₄ powders exhibit nano-size grains, while <em>m</em>-RETaO₄ powders evince micron-size grains, altered by the annealing temperatures. A simultaneous thermal analysis estimates the reversive ferroelastic tetragonal-monoclinic phase transition temperatures. Overall, this research focuses on the synthesis, crystal structures, microstructures, and phase transition of the fabricated RETaO₄ powders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16940,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rare Earths","volume":"43 6","pages":"Pages 1246-1255"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare earth-based conversion coatings under scrutiny: A comprehensive review","authors":"Reza Amini,&nbsp;Pooneh Kardar","doi":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jre.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive research efforts have been dedicated to enhancing the corrosion resistance properties and mitigating the reactivity of metals. Various surface modification techniques, including anodizing, electrochemical deposition, non-electric current-based coating, ion implantation, conversion coatings, and organic coatings, have been explored for these objectives. Among these surface modification methodologies, conversion coatings have garnered substantial attention due to their capacity of depositing onto metal surfaces uniformly, enhancing adhesion for subsequent layers, facilitating ease of application, and offering cost-effectiveness. Different coatings, each possessing distinct properties, have been employed for diverse metals. Nonetheless, in light of hexavalent chromium compounds' elevated toxicity and carcinogenic nature, environmentally compatible conversion coatings are actively sought as viable alternatives. The deposition of conversion coatings is an intricate process influenced by several variables. Consequently, laboratory optimization of conditions is imperative for commercializing specialized conversion coatings. Further research endeavors are warranted to expand the standards and requisite characteristics for specific applications. Composite conversion coatings, formulated with rare earth elements and innovative mineral and organic transformative agents, hold promise as a subject of investigation. Advanced studies in theoretical research and computer modeling about the mechanism of crack prevention in rare earth element-based conversion coatings devoid of defects will yield valuable insights. The present work furnishes a comprehensive review of this subject, marking its inaugural examination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16940,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rare Earths","volume":"43 5","pages":"Pages 859-873"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141694432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}