Technical Annals最新文献

{"title":"A planar geometrical non-linear bistable auxetic metamaterial mechanism","authors":"Ioannis Dachis, Evangelos P. Hadjigeorgiou","doi":"10.12681/ta.34083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/ta.34083","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanical metamaterials are artificial systems with tailored physical and mechanical properties defined by their structure rather than their chemical composition. Therefore, they can be considered as mechanisms that can produce the desired properties by designing the base cell of which the lattice is composed. A structure that have negative Poisson’s ratio is called auxetic and bistability is the property of having two stable equilibrium positions within the range of its motion-deformation. In such cases the mechanism stores energy during part of its motion, and then releasing it as it moves toward a second stable state. If the deformation gradient is large enough then the non-linear terms of strain tensor cannot be overlooked, the structure exhibits geometrical non-linearity. The present study develop a planar bistable auxetic mechanical meta-material based on a re-entrant arrowhead auxetic topology and analyse the structure’s mechanism and its properties.","PeriodicalId":168394,"journal":{"name":"Technical Annals","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116735469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hellenic landscape and the renewable energy sources. a social survey (2022) and some considerations","authors":"P. Kosmopoulos","doi":"10.12681/ta.33877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/ta.33877","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to underline the urgent need for the application of R.E.S. in Greece, the related problems regarding the natural environment, the archaeological sites, the traditional architecture, and the existing contemporary urban environment. Some references to the theoretical approaches of the subject of environmental Aesthetics are also mentioned. The method to achieve conclusions has been a social survey of the opinions of Greek people, regarding their surrounding environment and the application of R.E.S..  Concluding the economic factor proves to be very important, primarily at the individual level and then at the social or national level, and the aesthetic factor seems to follow the economic one, but is also very important.","PeriodicalId":168394,"journal":{"name":"Technical Annals","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124070288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate-responsive opportunities and challenges in urban vernacular heritage.","authors":"S. Thravalou","doi":"10.12681/ta.34858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/ta.34858","url":null,"abstract":"In response to today’s contemporary challenge regarding how to tackle the effects of climate change in heritage environments, natural ventilation arises as a compatible, low-cost and environmentally friendly passive cooling strategy for the Mediterranean climate. However, an identified research gap concerns the lack of studies addressing data from both the urban and building scales. An innovative, multi-scale approach is introduced in this research, through the study of airflow on the neighbourhood, street canyon and building scales, which is then evaluated using field measurements. The effect of urban density and street-canyon geometry on indoor thermal comfort is discussed in the case of adobe buildings with pass-through spaces (portico), and timber projections with multiple openings (sahnisi). The originality of the presented research lies in the adopted multi-scale methodology. On the district level of study, analytical tools and urban-scale considerations in the development of vernacular buildings are discussed through the lens of environmental performance. Building ventilation is addressed as a function of in-street and rooftop airflow, demonstrating the airflow gradient across the scales under study. Furthermore, the impact of various window operation patterns is quantified, given the variability of the background wind and street geometry. The results indicate best practices for enhancing the cooling effect of natural ventilation, highlighting the role of occupant behaviour and night-time ventilation. Finally, key directions regarding conservation practices in urban contexts are discussed, bringing energy performance and comfort into cultural heritage studies.","PeriodicalId":168394,"journal":{"name":"Technical Annals","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129774964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of the European Union State Aid Rules in the Energy Sector","authors":"E. Giannini, Evi Makri","doi":"10.12681/ta.34088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/ta.34088","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper presents the developments on the framework that governs the investments on the energy sector, focusing on competition law and the support to renewable energy sources through state aid. The researchers examine the developments of the state aid cases that have been under assessment by the European Commission over the course of the years and particularly, those regarding investments on renewable energy sources (RES) after the announcement of the European Green Deal, in late 2019. In addition to the above, the decisions of the European Commission and its tendency to not raising any severe objections, in general, against such cases of support schemes provided as state aid, are reviewed in parallel to the energy policy of the European Union, as it has been recently shaped in order to promote the increase of the use of RES in the EU Member States. Besides, the increased penetration of RES for the European Union, bares multiple benefits since, apart from playing a key role in the Union’s policy to tackle climate change and its severe consequences, it also contributes in the extended efforts of the EU Member States to minimize their dependence on energy products highly imported from Russia, such as natural gas, in the shadow of the recent war in Ukraine. Under that prism, the present paper provides a coherent and consistent examination of the ways in which state aid can be accepted by the European Commission, within the broader framework of the Competition protection in the EU, as well as the ways in which it can be even considered not to cause any severe distort of competition. The above are mainly concluded in case in which the support provided through such schemes tends to promote the development of activities that serve - on a high degree - the common interest, both on the national and the European level. Thus, the development of renewable energy technologies in the European energy sector and their enhancement towards greening the Union’s energy mix while turning it into a more resilient and independent one, can be considered as such a type of activities, as it will be further analyzed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":168394,"journal":{"name":"Technical Annals","volume":"2017 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129773161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historic building and green energy. Strategies to make supply from renewable sources compatible with conservation","authors":"F. Trovò","doi":"10.12681/ta.33918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/ta.33918","url":null,"abstract":"The challenges of today are largely summarized in the United Nations 2030 Agenda. Buildings are also part of the 17 sustainability goals in several respects, one of them being the role of reducing climate-altering emissions, reducing waste, assessing the life cycle of materials, limiting heat loss and introducing renewable energy sources. In particular, the contribution deals with how to ensure the supply of energy from renewable sources for cultural assets and buildings that are part of historic centers. In these cases it can be very difficult to achieve both the objective of protecting the monument or landscape as well as that of installing or connecting the building or urban or rural settlement to renewable energy sources. Through some European and Italian examples in particular, where about 8 million buildings were constructed before 1945, about 25% of the total, virtuous ways will be presented that make it possible to achieve both objectives simultaneously. The regulations that favor this dual objective will also be highlighted, such as the one of the Veneto Region on so-called energy communities and the national one that allows the deferral of energy production from one place of cultural interest to another that has none, without serious costs for the final beneficiary and safeguarding the cultural asset.","PeriodicalId":168394,"journal":{"name":"Technical Annals","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129437704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of energy signature method to analyze the energy consumption patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in two public office buildings in Thessaloniki, Greece","authors":"Aristotelis Vartholomaios, E. Andreou, Angeliki Antoniou, Konstantinos Laskos, K. Axarli","doi":"10.12681/ta.34722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/ta.34722","url":null,"abstract":"The global COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on building energy use as a result of local emergency policies such as lockdowns, remote working and increased building ventilation being applied for an extended time. In this study we apply the energy signature method to two public office buildings in Thessaloniki, Greece to compare their energy performance before (2018-2019) and during (2020-2021) the pandemic. The energy signature method normalizes electricity and natural gas consumptions to the average climate, eliminating the influence of annual weather patterns on energy use and differentiates between heating, cooling and base energy. This allows us to compare the two periods using data from monthly utility bills. Results show a reduction (ranging from 16% to 26%) in both heating and cooling energy consumptions during the pandemic period for both buildings which is not related to differences in annual weather patterns. Although this old method is quick and straightforward to use it has its own limitations which are discussed along with potential ways it can improve.","PeriodicalId":168394,"journal":{"name":"Technical Annals","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128637310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel ESG Materiality methodology combining criterion level and sector-based approaches.","authors":"N. Kakogiannis, H. Doukas, N. Chrysanthopoulos, Filippos-Dimitrios K. Mexis, Konstantinos Stouris","doi":"10.12681/ta.34099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/ta.34099","url":null,"abstract":"As the ESG principles are rapidly becoming critical in the decision-making process of investment undertaking, companies must deal with ESG reporting either to fulfil obligatory requirements according to EU legislation or, to stay competitive and in line with the investing trends. In the market, several ESG rating methodologies exist consisting of numerous criteria and indicators that companies must consider in their reporting. Nevertheless, neither all ESG rating frameworks consider the same criteria, nor do all criteria have the same materiality weighting when estimating the final ESG rating. Thus, the establishment of a standardized and normalized ESG criteria materiality framework is considered crucial. This will enable the fine-tuning and calibration of the ESG evaluation, with materiality values that reflect accordingly the significance of the most important criteria. In addition, this methodology will enhance the comparability of the results of the different companies’ evaluations while creating a harmonized framework. The present manuscript introduces an integrated methodology for the estimation of the ESG materiality factors putting emphasis on the most frequent criteria of the main economic sectors. The methodology analyses data from several sources, including academic papers and methodologies, companies’ reports and globally established rating frameworks. The proposed approach results in the estimation of the materiality values for each criterion of a specific ESG rating scorecard, as well as introduces an overview of the materiality issues for each economic sector.","PeriodicalId":168394,"journal":{"name":"Technical Annals","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129103703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalising Small Historical Villages through Social, Economic, Cultural and Energy Efficiency Assets","authors":"Laura Sacchetti, E. Piaia, Valentina Frighi, Ilaria Spasari","doi":"10.12681/ta.34034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/ta.34034","url":null,"abstract":"Cultural heritage and historical buildings, accounting for over 30% of the overall European building stock, need to be preserved as much as possible, on account of their role in representing the cultural identity of a community, and to be renovated in response to the sociocultural need to maintain historical cities and the environmental need to reduce the global energy demand of existing buildings. \u0000Small historical villages, and in particular those with fewer than 5.000 inhabitants, are undergoing a declining process, due to the lack of infrastructure, services, cultural attractiveness and because of the inadequate actions aimed at their valorisation. They are often underused, abandoned or neglected, thus risking to be affected by severe degradation. For this reason, European and national directives strongly encourage actions targeting the revitalisation of small villages, in order to preserve their historical heritage and improve their energy efficiency. This study aims at investigating Italian examples of revitalisation of small historical towns, showcasing what strategies they employed for the maximisation of social engagement and inclusion, reduction of the environmental impact and energy efficiency improvement. This paper will propose a methodological approach leading towards the creation of Energy Communities within small historical villages, not only addressing the need for clean energy supply and environmental impact mitigation, but also respecting and preserving the heritage value and covering the social, economic, cultural aspects of the revitalisation.","PeriodicalId":168394,"journal":{"name":"Technical Annals","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125237733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized Services for Smart Grids in the framework of Society 5.0: A Smart University Campus Case Study","authors":"Dimitris Mourtzis, John Angelopoulos, Nikos Panopoulos","doi":"10.12681/ta.34199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/ta.34199","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of the power grid towards a Smart Grid is a crucial aspect of the transformation of society towards the so-called Society 5.0, where human-centered technology is the key to address social challenges. This paper proposes a personalized service approach for Smart Grids within the Society 5.0 framework, which aims to provide a personalized energy management service to consumers through advanced sensing technologies, intelligent algorithms, and social and contextual data. Furthermore, the paper highlights the potential of personalized services in the Smart Grid context and their relevance in the Society 5.0 framework and proposes an Architecture for the design and deployment of personalized energy management services in other Smart Grid contexts. In this approach end-users play an active role in the design and deployment of personalized energy management services. The proposed methodology is tested and evaluated in a Smart University Campus case study. The results indicate energy management improvement and energy consumption reduction.","PeriodicalId":168394,"journal":{"name":"Technical Annals","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135912138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of “Loss and Damage” in Supporting Climate Policy Debate","authors":"Ioannis Tsipouridis, Ngetich E. Kiprotich, Anita Jerotich Chebii, Nektarios Matsagkos, G. P. Trachanas","doi":"10.12681/ta.34133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/ta.34133","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is having profound impacts on human and natural systems. In recent years, there has been growing recognition of the need to address Loss and Damage (L&D) associated with the adverse effects of climate change, particularly in developing countries that are more vulnerable to its impacts. There is a range of studies, examining the concepts, resilience, adaptation and policy options for dealing with climate change losses and damages. This article discusses the actions, research and finance needs in Loss & Damage as well as the approaches to it on some topics such as adaptation, stakeholder engagement, governance and risk transfer.","PeriodicalId":168394,"journal":{"name":"Technical Annals","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128814625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}