Journal of Phycology最新文献

{"title":"Expanding our knowledge of Synurales (Chrysophyceae) in Florida, United States: Proposing three novel Mallomonas taxa.","authors":"Petr Knotek, Martin Pusztai, Iva Jadrná, Pavel Škaloud","doi":"10.1111/jpy.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We conducted a survey of Synurales diversity in Florida (United States), focusing on two established hotspots-Ocala National Forest and Myakka River State Park-and two previously unexplored sites-Manatee Lake and Lake Lee. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we identified 69 species, increasing the total number recorded from Florida to 90. Among these, three species-Mallomonas cornea sp. nov., M. laureana sp. nov., and M. joergenii sp. nov.-have been newly described based on detailed morphological and molecular analyses. We have also proposed a new combination, M. poseidonii comb. et stat. nov., and established a new section, Corneae sect. nov., based on molecular phylogenetics. Our findings revealed an independent emergence of ribbed scale shield ornamentation in M. joergenii sp. nov. and suggested that internal scale reticulation in M. laureana sp. nov. may be an adaptation to high UV irradiance in tropical environments. This study underscores the value of DNA sequence data in resolving taxonomic ambiguities, elucidating evolutionary patterns, and enhancing species recovery from type localities.</p>","PeriodicalId":16831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144731924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of the type species of Kyrtuthrix (Rivulariaceae, Cyanobacteriota) with comparison to Nunduva: Morphologically different but molecularly cryptic genera.","authors":"Alžběta Vondrášková, Tomáš Hauer, Jan Mareš, Esther Berrendero-Gomez, Jan Zima, Haydee Montoya-Terreros, Chelsea D Villanueva, Jeffrey R Johansen","doi":"10.1111/jpy.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The euendolithic genus Kyrtuthrix was originally described in 1929 by A. Ercegović from the Dalmatian coast. Due to its isopolar filaments, Kyrtuthrix was classified within the cyanobacterial system as part of the family Scytonemataceae, even though trichomes tapering toward their ends represent a feature typical of the family Rivulariaceae. In the last decade, four new species of Kyrtuthrix have been described. Their sequences helped to establish Kyrtuthrix as belonging to the family Rivulariaceae. However, the new species demonstrated that Kyrtuthrix was not always euendolithic, as the new discoveries occurred on igneous rocks that were not susceptible to penetration by cyanobacteria. We were able to obtain sequences of the 16S rRNA gene, the 16S-23S ITS rRNA region, the rpoC1 gene, and rbcLX gene for phylogenetic analyses of two classical species of Kyrtuthrix-the type species K. dalmatica collected from the Dalmatian coast and K. maculans collected from the Pacific coast of Peru. Our analyses revealed that both taxa were related to the newly described Kyrtuthrix species, although they were not clearly separated by molecular character sets from the more recently described Nunduva. A third Kyrtuthrix species from the coast of France was characterized by us during this study but was intermediate in morphological structure and phylogeny between K. dalmatica and K. maculans and not given a specific epithet. If we relied on the 16S rRNA gene sequence evidence, Nunduva would have been collapsed into the older genus Kyrtuthrix. However, using multiple gene evidence, they formed sister clades and, therefore, have been treated as distinct genera in this manuscript.</p>","PeriodicalId":16831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144731925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of ornithine aminotransferase in proline metabolism response to high temperature in Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta).","authors":"Siqi Sun, Xinlei Yu, Kaixing Lu, Nianjun Xu, Xue Sun","doi":"10.1111/jpy.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The seaweed Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis is used for agar and abalone feed, but high summer temperature in the southern oceans of China limits the cultivation industry. Therefore, enhancing the heat tolerance of G. lemaneiformis is crucial for prolonging its growth period along with increasing production and economic performance. Proline, a key osmotic regulator, plays an essential role in stress responses, including drought, heat, cold, and high salinity. Here, we investigated the dynamic changes in proline accumulation and its metabolic enzymes response to high-temperature stress in G. lemaneiformis. Results showed that elevated temperatures significantly increased proline accumulation, stimulated the activities of its synthetases pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), while concurrently suppressed the activity of its degrading enzyme proline dehydrogenase (ProDH). Pearson correlation analysis displayed a stronger positive association between proline level and OAT activity than with P5CS or pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR) activity, as well as a negative correlation with ProDH activity. Furthermore, exogenous 24-epibrassinolide, trehalose, and ornithine increased OAT activity or its gene transcription, while salicylic acid induced P5CS activity and P5CR2 transcriptional levels, which all resulted in the enhanced proline accumulation. Finally, bioinformatics analysis revealed that GlOAT contains a predicted PLP-binding domain, exhibits a high likelihood of mitochondrial localization, and shows a high degree of phylogenetic conservation. In summary, this study demonstrated that OAT is the critical enzyme involved in proline synthesis under high-temperature stress, which might provide a foundation for future transgenic breeding to improve high-temperature tolerance in G. lemaneiformis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light limitation and water velocity modify the impacts of simulated marine heatwaves on juvenile giant kelp.","authors":"Imogen Bunting, Laura Bornemann Santamaría, Yun Yi Kok, Erik C Krieger, Julia C Mullarney, Roberta D'Archino, Christopher E Cornwall","doi":"10.1111/jpy.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coastal regions are complex habitats, where multiple natural and anthropogenic drivers can interact to affect the survival and growth of marine organisms. The giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera is sensitive to increasing seawater temperatures and susceptible to marine heatwaves. Light availability and hydrodynamics can also affect the growth, morphology, and resilience of this species. In this experiment, juvenile sporophytes of M. pyrifera from Scorching Bay, Wellington, Aotearoa, New Zealand, a were exposed to a combination of simulated marine heatwaves at one of four different temperatures (20, 22, and 24°C compared to a 16°C control), one of two irradiance levels (shaded: 0.9 mol photons · m^-2 · d^-1 or ambient: 1.4 mol photons · m^-2 · d^-1), and one of two flow speeds (5.3 cm · s^-1 or 6.1 cm · s^-1) in a fully factorial design. Simulated heatwaves lasted for 21 days, with temperatures ramped by 2°C · d^-1, followed by a 21-day recovery phase. The heatwave treatments represented severe heatwaves in present day or hypothetical future conditions, whereas the control represented historical average summer sea temperatures in Wellington, and 21 days represented a realistic duration for heatwaves in this region. Temperature was the main driver of negative physiological impacts, with 100% of sporophytes dying within 42 days of exposure to a 24°C heatwave. Sporophytes experienced 44% mortality at 20°C and 81% mortality at 22°C, and growth rates declined significantly with increasing temperature. However, survival rates were modified by light and water velocity, with 56% of sporophytes surviving under a combination of ambient light and fast water velocity, compared with less than 50% under each of the other light-velocity combinations. Light limitation also reduced sporophyte survival, growth rates, and effective quantum yield. Water velocity alone did not significantly affect sporophytes, but flow speeds had interactive effects with temperature and light. The findings of this experiment suggest that M. pyrifera at sites with optimal environmental conditions, including low sediment loads and fast tidal flows, could be more resilient to marine heatwaves, as long as temperatures do not exceed critical thresholds for survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":16831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kalymmatonema gen. nov. (Scytonemataceae, Cyanobacteria): A desert soil crust genus previously identified as Scytonema hyalinum, with description of seven species new to science.","authors":"Markéta Bohunická, Jeffrey R Johansen, Nicole Pietrasiak, Brian M Jusko, Melaku Mesfin, Itzel Becerra-Absalón","doi":"10.1111/jpy.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous cyanobacterial strains previously identified as Scytonema hyalinum were determined to be phylogenetically distant from the type species of Scytonema, S. hofmannii. Morphological and molecular evidence suggests this distinct clade necessitates placement in a new genus, and we have described Kalymmatonema gen. nov. herein. Kalymmatonema has been demonstrated to exhibit five ribosomal operons, all of which differed in both sequence and secondary structure of conserved helical domains in the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer rRNA region. Four of these operon copies were highly similar in 16S and 23S rRNA gene sequences, whereas the divergent fifth copy is thought to represent a whole-operon horizontal gene transfer event. Through in-depth analysis, we were able to recognize seven species new to science, the type species K. desertorum sp. nov., K. arcangelii comb. nov., K. chimaera sp. nov., K. ethiopiense sp. nov., K. gypsitolerans sp. nov., K. mateoae sp. nov., and K. oahuense sp. nov. We also created the new combination, K. hyalinum comb. nov., in order to include the original Scytonema hyalinum in this new genus based upon the common morphological feature of a mucilaginous apical cap on the trichomes. Kalymmatonema displays a complex evolution of its ribosomal operons, with evidence not only of horizontal gene transfer but also of internal rearrangements and mobile genetic elements that have transposed the tRNA-containing region of the ITS rRNA region among the four similar operons. Additional investigation of the evolutionary history of this interesting genus will likely lead to a better understanding of the processes shaping ribosomal evolution in cyanobacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":16831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to comment of Kidron et al. (2025) on Büdel et al. (2008).","authors":"Burkhard Büdel, Jörg Bendix, T G Allan Green","doi":"10.1111/jpy.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In their recent paper Kidron et al. (Journal of Phycology, 2025) aimed to demonstrate that the reported extreme differences of up to 25°C between air and rock temperatures measured by Büdel et al. (Journal of Phycology, 2008) at Mt. Falconer in the Antarctic Taylor Valley, were likely in error. They suggested possible sources of errors that might have led to our modeling of dewfall. By reprogramming our (Hoffmann, 1955) and their (Beysens, 2018) suggested models, we have shown that our calculations regarding climatic data were correct, even with both models. We have provided new climate data from Linnaeus Terrace (Dry Valleys, Antarctica) to support our results, by water-related net photosynthesis of a unicellular (Chroococidiopsis sp.) and a filamentous cyanobacterial strain (Funiculus sociatus). In contrast to the claim of Kidron et al., both cyanobacteria showed positive net photosynthesis well below 1 mm precipitation equivalent water content. We suggest further improved field measurements to strengthen our observation and conclude that reactivation of inactive endolithic cyanobacteria by condensation could be possible but might not be the main source of water.</p>","PeriodicalId":16831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revision and expansion of the genus Spirirestis (Tolypothrichaceae, Cyanobacteria).","authors":"Jeffrey R Johansen, Brian M Jusko, Nicole Pietrasiak, Hend Alwathnani, Natalie Soliman, Anastasia Zhydan, Salvadore Peron, Mathew Luknis, Karina Osorio-Santos, Klára Řeháková, Bingchang Zhang, Kristen E Hasenstab-Lehman, William F Hoyer, Sagarika Pal, Prashant Singh","doi":"10.1111/jpy.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent phylogenetic analyses of members of the Tolypothrichaceae (Nostocales, Cyanobacteria) based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data have demonstrated that the soil-inhabiting members of the family belong to a clade separate from the aquatic and subaerial members of the family. The soil-inhabiting species clade includes Spirirestis, a monophyletic taxon originally defined by its tight spiral coiling. Most of the soil-inhabiting species have been identified in the past as belonging either to Hassallia or Tolypothrix, which are subaerial and aquatic taxa, respectively. A comprehensive study of the terrestrial Tolypothrichaceae led us to conclude that all terrestrial Tolypothrichaceae should be included in the genus Spirirestis, even though most of those isolates lack the spiral coiling diagnostic of the genus. Using a polyphasic approach, we recognize seven distinct clades in Spirirestis, which we split into seven species: S. rafaelensis (the generitype), S. californica comb. nov., S. pseudoramosissima comb. nov., S. lignicolor sp. nov., S. williamsae sp. nov., S. hydroterrestris sp. nov., and S. atacamensis sp. nov. Spirirestis rafaelensis and S. californica are represented by multiple isolates, and we postulate that with time and further taxon sampling, some of the strains we included in these two species may be recognized as additional species. As the study of soil cyanobacteria continues, additional species of Spirirestis will likely be discovered and described.</p>","PeriodicalId":16831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The enigmatic dinoflagellate Gloeodinium marinum is a Prorocentrum species, P. palmelloides nom. nov. (Dinophyceae).","authors":"Fernando Gómez, Huan Zhang, Luis Felipe Artigas, Senjie Lin","doi":"10.1111/jpy.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The identity of a marine planktonic species that forms palmelloid colonies has remained enigmatic since the first observations during the Plankton Expedition in 1889. Initially identified as spores or chlorophyte cells, Gloeodinium marinum was described as an immotile coccoid dinoflagellate with Gymnodinium-like swarmers. In this study, we have reported observations of G. marinum from the Mediterranean Sea, including the type locality, the Southwest Indian Ocean, and the tropical Atlantic Ocean. The sequences of the SSU and LSU rRNA genes and the ITS rRNA region (ITS1-5.8S gene-ITS2) revealed that G. marinum is distantly related to congeneric species, the type species G. montanum, and G. viscum, while it is closely related to Prorocentrum canariense and P. compressum auct. mult., two planktonic species known to produce mucilage envelopes. These phylogenetic and morphological characteristics positioned Gloeodinium marinum as a member of Prorocentrum sensu stricto, and we have proposed to reclassify it with the new name Prorocentrum palmelloides nom. nov. This species differs from its closest relatives in its smaller size (~25 μm), roundly oval shape, and multiple mucilage envelopes. The recently divided cells showed hemispherical shape, and the flagella only appeared in naked swarmers after theca ecdysis. The morphological adaptation to a life within mucilage envelopes has contributed to its cryptic identity for more than 130 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":16831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light response of karyostrophy in the benthic pennate diatom Pleurosigma strigosum (Bacillariophyceae): A complimentary photoprotective process?","authors":"Alexandra Bastos, Jérôme Morelle, Silja Frankenbach, Johann Lavaud, João Serôdio","doi":"10.1111/jpy.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pennate diatoms are an ecologically and evolutionarily successful group of algae, dominating in sedimentary habitats where they form biofilms with high productivity and diversity. Their success has been attributed to directed motility, which is used to explore the microscale environmental gradients present in sediments, particularly regarding light, optimizing photosynthesis while avoiding photodamage. Some pennate diatoms can exhibit a process termed karyostrophy, the contraction of the chloroplasts toward the cell center when exposed to high light. Karyostrophy has long been hypothesized to play a photoprotective role; however, its light dependency and physiological effects remain poorly characterized. This study investigated the light-dependent kinetics and photophysiological effects of karyostrophy in the diatom Pleurosigma strigosum. Chloroplast contraction was found to be light-dependent, being induced under irradiances above 60 μmol photons · m^-2 · s^-1, with the rate and extent of contraction increasing with light intensity. The process was reversible, with chloroplasts returning to their original conformation under low light, although at a slower rate. Cell-level photophysiological measurements indicated that karyostrophy enhanced self-shading in proximal cell regions, improving the capacity of the cells to recover from light stress. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was also affected by chloroplast contraction, with distal regions of the cell exhibiting significantly higher NPQ activation. These findings suggest that karyostrophy might serve as a complementary photoprotective mechanism, acting alongside whole-cell motility and NPQ. This study provides the first quantitative characterization of the light response of karyostrophy, highlighting its possible role in optimizing light utilization and protecting against photodamage.</p>","PeriodicalId":16831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of perturbation of redox state on postfertilization development and spore differentiation in the red alga Bostrychia moritziana.","authors":"Eunyoung Shim, Hana Park, Yu Jung Choi, Giuseppe C Zuccarello, Gwang Hoon Kim","doi":"10.1111/jpy.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The correct development of an organism is critical for its survival and reproduction, especially the early stages of establishment. Early developmental stages require close control and careful signaling between cells and genetic networks. Red algae also undergo critical developmental stages, but very little is known about these processes or their control. An important developmental signal is the redox state of a cell. The complex life cycle of red algae also involves the intricate development of the fertilized egg to produce diploid spores (carpospores). We examined the effect of redox perturbation on the life cycle of Bostrychia moritziana, focusing on critical stages of spore development, the formation of meiospores (tetraspores), and the development of the diploid carposporophytes. Our results showed that spore development follows a distinct pattern of asymmetrical division and differentiation, regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling. Reactive oxygen species were observed to accumulate specifically at the dividing plane of the central cell, suggesting their importance in cell division. Treatments with various redox-altering compounds, including hydrogen peroxide, antioxidants, and inhibitors of NADPH oxidase and calcium signaling, significantly impacted spore development, carposporophyte formation, and the development of tetrasporangial branches. Our results demonstrated that short-term redox perturbations during critical developmental stages can have far-reaching consequences on the morphogenesis of B. moritziana, affecting both immediate growth patterns and long-term developmental trajectories.</p>","PeriodicalId":16831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Phycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}