2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)最新文献_第9页

The serval mesh: A platform for resilient communications in disaster & crisis 几网:灾难和危机中弹性通信的平台

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713674

P. Gardner-Stephen, Romana Challans, J. Lakeman, Andrew Bettison, Dione Gardner-Stephen, Matthew Lloyd

{"title":"The serval mesh: A platform for resilient communications in disaster & crisis","authors":"P. Gardner-Stephen, Romana Challans, J. Lakeman, Andrew Bettison, Dione Gardner-Stephen, Matthew Lloyd","doi":"10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713674","url":null,"abstract":"The challenges of many crisis communication needs can be summarised as: the need to allow civilians to safely communicate with one another, and with the outside world, without reliance on any domestic terrestrial infrastructure, or on the import of physical materials. Therefore, any solution should place high precedence on infrastructure-independent operation, and the re-use of existing hardware technology. Expanding on this concept, we present a prototype solution, the Serval Mesh, and briefly discuss the design decisions that were made, and summarise the trial and pilots conducted to date. Together, these show that the Serval Mesh is well placed to provide secure, resilient mobile communications services in a variety of situations, and in conjunction with the air-droppable UHF-packet-radio enabled Serval Mesh Extender concept, to provide such services over longer distances than is possible for Wi-Fi based mobile mesh networks. Thus we argue by example that it is possible to enable effective use of mobile phones during periods of infrastructure-deprivation.","PeriodicalId":168082,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116565867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 45

Sustainable community development: Westwood solar furnace project 可持续社区发展:Westwood太阳能炉项目

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713723

Aaron Brown, E. Teipel, K. Litchfield, L. Gilmore

{"title":"Sustainable community development: Westwood solar furnace project","authors":"Aaron Brown, E. Teipel, K. Litchfield, L. Gilmore","doi":"10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713723","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a humanitarian engineering project in Denver, Colorado's Westwood community. Under the guidance of Dr. Bernard Amadei, a team of graduate students from the University of Colorado created a simple and helpful technology solution for the community that could alleviate an identified problem common for households in Westwood. This paper presents the project through all the steps: community appraisal, analysis, problem identification, strategy planning, implementation and a plan for monitoring and evaluation. The team identified the financial burden of high energy bills on the residents of the community as a pervasive problem that could be alleviated with a simple design, the solar furnace, a box built using recycled aluminum cans, plywood and acrylic plastic that heats the house through the conversion of solar energy into warm air. To demonstrate the technology, the students constructed and tested a solar furnace unit, implemented a pilot test at Re:Vision's (a local NGO working in Westwood) office, held a focus group with community leaders (“promotoras”) for discussion about the pilot unit, calculated energy and cost savings for the design, and developed a plan to continue the project from pilot stage to community implementaion. The paper addresses the capacity and risk analysis for this design, the design itself, the implementation plan, the monitoring and evaluation plan which are the natural next steps in the project.","PeriodicalId":168082,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121981153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

PulaCloud: Human computation for economic development pulcloud:经济发展的人类计算

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713732

A. Schriner, Daniel B. Oerther

{"title":"PulaCloud: Human computation for economic development","authors":"A. Schriner, Daniel B. Oerther","doi":"10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713732","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of employment opportunities contributes to the persistence of poverty throughout the world. At the same time, crowdsourced human computation can potentially provide work to large numbers of people, without imposing specialized skill requirements. In this study we investigate the feasibility of connecting people in rural areas to human computation employment with a pilot-scale project, and assess the way they use the income they receive to determine if this is an effective poverty-alleviation strategy. We find that workers in a rural Kenyan village are able to complete several example task types; using a simplified human computation platform called PulaCloud, they completed approximately 100,000 image classification tasks for a bioinformatics research project. The income they received was significantly more than that available from limited local employment options, and they spent it almost exclusively on basic needs, educational expenses, and productive investments, strongly suggesting that this can be an effective tool in the fight against poverty. We emphasize that this is not an aid-based approach to economic development; rather, workers are engaged as producers in the global knowledge economy and are paid for making contributions to scientific research.","PeriodicalId":168082,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123214699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low cost cylindrical lumen testing procedure in Bangladesh perspective 低成本圆柱形管腔检测程序在孟加拉国的前景

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713658

S. Khan, R. Rahman, Farah Shabnam, A. Azad

引用次数: 4

An electronic solution to automate the process of Grade-1 braille training 1级盲文培训过程自动化的电子解决方案

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713652

P. Osuch, S. Sinha

引用次数: 5

Crowd-sourcing urban air-quality in developing countries through open source technologies 通过开源技术将发展中国家的城市空气质量众包

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713727

J. Henriques, B. Bojarski, Kyle Wayne Byrd, Melissa Von Wald

{"title":"Crowd-sourcing urban air-quality in developing countries through open source technologies","authors":"J. Henriques, B. Bojarski, Kyle Wayne Byrd, Melissa Von Wald","doi":"10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713727","url":null,"abstract":"Outdoor air pollution now contributes annually to over 3.2 million premature deaths worldwide and is among the top health risk factors. Urban air pollution is on course to become the top environmental cause of mortality by 2050 - greater than the effects of dirty water and lack of sanitation. This risk is especially high in developing countries, where it is often difficult or expensive to obtain air quality data. This paper outlines the initial development of a system for mapping crowd-sourced air quality data in urban environments in developing countries. This system includes a (1) low cost wearable air quality monitor and (2) a mapping and data visualization web application for use in urban settings in developing countries. Based on open source hardware and software, the air quality monitor is composed of an Arduino microcontroller and sensor shields and collects real-time geographically explicit air quality data, with data storage on removable memory. The mapping and data visualization web application uses javascript functions and Google Maps API to visualize the paths travelled and the intensity of ozone and particulate matter as a heat map.","PeriodicalId":168082,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125913320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

A crowd-sourced approach for monitoring Asian elephants outside protected areas 在保护区外监测亚洲象的众包方法

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713715

S. Babu, Tarsh Thekaekara

{"title":"A crowd-sourced approach for monitoring Asian elephants outside protected areas","authors":"S. Babu, Tarsh Thekaekara","doi":"10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713715","url":null,"abstract":"Although nature conservation has traditionally relied on the creation of vast human free areas, the focus is now widening to also include `buffer' and `corridor' areas that also include human dominated landscapes. This is especially true for a country like India, with a high population density of over 400 people per sq km, while also being home to two thirds of the world's Asian elephants. Human-Wildlife Conflict is now one of the biggest challenges, as a few hundred people are killed every year in India by elephants alone, almost all in accidental encounters. Given that most of these forest areas are now covered by mobile phone networks and that many local people as well as forest guards have mobile phones, it is feasible to conceive of a mobile phone-based system to alert people of approaching elephants. The crowd-sourced elephant tracking system proposed here automatically consolidates information received from multiple contributors through mobile phones into a single geo-referenced grid which can be used by human experts to predict elephant movements and alert villages in their projected path, thus avoiding deaths and injury while also providing valuable previously undocumented information on how elephants use human dominated landscapes.","PeriodicalId":168082,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125927463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Technologies, indigenous Cultural Heritage and community capacity building 技术、土著文化遗产和社区能力建设

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713720

Carolyn Woodley, Sue K. Marshall, S. Taylor, Sean Fagan

引用次数: 5

Experimental analysis of effects of installation alignment and solar insolation on power generation by solar panels 安装对准和日照对太阳能电池板发电影响的实验分析

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) Pub Date : 2013-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713650

Moein Jazayeri, S. Uysal, K. Jazayeri

引用次数: 4

The feasibility of rice bags as a low-cost and locally available alternative to greenhouse glazing 米袋作为温室玻璃的低成本和本地可用替代品的可行性

2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713690

Shayne T. Bement, A. Nassar, Khanjan Mehta

{"title":"The feasibility of rice bags as a low-cost and locally available alternative to greenhouse glazing","authors":"Shayne T. Bement, A. Nassar, Khanjan Mehta","doi":"10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GHTC.2013.6713690","url":null,"abstract":"Greenhouses can help farmers increase their yields and improve their livelihoods while reducing spoilage and furthering food security. As farms are getting smaller and access to water is getting more difficult, greenhouses are gradually gaining popularity in the agrarian economies of sub-Saharan Africa. Most greenhouses sold in the market are designed for commercial farmers and are beyond the reach of smallholders. The Humanitarian Engineering and Social Entrepreneurship (HESE) program at Penn State has developed and commercialized affordable greenhouses that utilize locally-sourced materials. The only exception is the glazing - the plastic covering on the greenhouse structure - which is imported from abroad. The cost of this glazing is too high, and is subject to foreign exchange fluctuations and supply chain anomalies. In an effort to further decrease the cost of the greenhouse, and thereby increase its accessibility in the market, this article investigates the feasibility of locally-available, inexpensive materials that can be used as substitutes for typical glazing materials. The primary emphasis of this paper is on rice bags, which are an abundant, inexpensive material found commonly in developing countries. Three properties of rice bag glazing were tested: light transmission, UV resistance, and water conservation. Results indicated that while rice bags are not an ideal substitute for standard glazing, they may be appropriate as low-cost shade nets. It was also found that common bubble wrap, coated with a UV-absorbent coating, may adequately replace typical glazing.","PeriodicalId":168082,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127416941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3