Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy最新文献

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory property of the methanol leaf extract of Parinari kerstingii (ENGL) in rats","authors":"Nwamaka Maureen Odu, Kenne Michel Tchimene, V. Ogugua, W. Obonga, P. Sunday, B. C. Nwanguma","doi":"10.5897/jpp2018.0513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jpp2018.0513","url":null,"abstract":"The anti-inflammatory effect of the extract of Parinari kerstingii leaves was investigated using egg albumin-induced rat paw oedema, leukocyte mobilization, and acetic acid-induced vascular permeability assay methods. Heat and hypotonicity-induced heamolysis of human red blood cell membrane were also used to assess its membrane stabilizing effect and to determine its inhibitory property on phospholipase A2 activity. Acute toxicity and phytochemical tests were also determined using standard methods. The methanol crude extract (MCE) of P. kerstingii reduced (p<0.05) the acetic acid-induced vascular permeability and increased agar-induced leukocyte mobilization in rats dose-dependently. Vascular permeability was inhibited by 24.85, 26.04 and 48.52% with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of the MCE, respectively. The total leukocyte count of the treated groups increased significantly (p<0.05) relative to the control group. The percentage membrane stability exhibited by the MCE was comparable with drug control, indomethacin. The MCE contains principles that protected the erythrocyte membranes effectively. More so, the extract inhibited (p<0.05) the activities of phospholipase A2 and showed no significant difference in the phospholipase A2 inhibitory effect as compared to the standard drug, prednisolone. The extract showed no toxicity at 5000 mg/kg. Phytochemical screenings revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, reducing sugars, phenols, soluble carbohydrates, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, hydrogen cyanide glycosides and flavonoids. This study indicated that the MCE of P. kerstingii leaf is relatively safe for consumption and has anti-inflammatory property. Also, it could prevent the haemolysis of human erythrocyte membrane. Key words: Anti-inflammatory, Parinari kerstingii, acute toxicity, phytochemicals, membrane stability.","PeriodicalId":16801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75941306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotoxic effects of Peganum harmala L. in relation to traditional use","authors":"S. Abderrahman, S. Soliman, M. Mohammad","doi":"10.5897/JPP2018.0493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JPP2018.0493","url":null,"abstract":"Peganum harmala L. is a well-known medicinal plant, widely distributed and used in folk medicine. Recently, numerous reports have been published regarding the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of P. harmala and its major alkaloids components. However, mammalian toxicity due to P. harmala alkaloids extract has been rarely investigated. The present research aimed to study the genotoxic effects of harmala plant extract in relation to traditional use. Harmala crude alkaloid was extracted and the toxicity of the extract was examined on albino mice by intraperitoneal injection. The genotoxic effects of the alkaloid extract was tested on bone marrow cells isolated from sacrificed mice. The total seeds alkaloids showed moderate toxic effects on male albino mice with LD50 350 mg/ Kg body weight. P. harmala alkaloids extract showed significant reduction in the mitotic index (MI) and increased depression of mammalian cells division possibly through chromosomal aberrations. P. harmala alkaloids induced different types of chromosome aberrations including rings, breaks, polyploidy, sticky, laggards and bridges with the sticky form as the most abundant type. Furthermore, P. harmala alkaloids induced a significant increase in sister chromatid exchange (SCE) compared to untreated controls. The frequency of micronuclei was increased with increasing the concentration but was not affected by increasing the exposure time. The medicinal use of harmala should be under control since higher doses and/ or longer exposure is genotoxic. An amount of plant that contains ≥ 12 mg alkaloids cannot be safe for traditional use. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Peganum harmala, genotoxicity, chromosome aberration, sister chromatid exchange.","PeriodicalId":16801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"167-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81797636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro anticancer screening of Colombian plants from Piper genus (Piperaceae)","authors":"Diego Muñoz, A. Sandoval-Hernández, W. Delgado, G. Arboleda, L. Cuca","doi":"10.5897/JPP2018.0509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JPP2018.0509","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, knowledge of ethnobotany, which has revealed different phytochemical and pharmacological compounds from traditional plants, has formed the basis for new anticancer drug discovery. The use of some Piper species in traditional medicine against cancer, suggests that genus Piper is a promising source of new compounds with anticancer activity. A total of 28 ethanolic extracts were obtained from 16 different Piper spp., then in vitro cytotoxicity activity was performed with 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in three certified human cancer cell lines (A549 lung, PC-3 prostate and MDAMB-231 breast). Seven ethanolic extracts obtained from different parts of Piper eriopodon, Piper cumanense and Piper bogotense showed promising anticancer effect with IC50 values below to 30 µg/mL. The most potent cytotoxic effect was found in the leaves ethanolic extract of P. eriopodon with an IC50 of 17.7 µg/mL for A549, 11.8 µg/mL for PC-3 and 20.7 µg/mL for MDAMB-231. Bioassay guided fractionation was performed for the most active extract and a highly cytotoxic compound was isolated and identified by spectroscopic means, mainly 1D and 2D RMN spectroscopy. The isolated compound identified as gibbilimbol B was shown to be a strong cytotoxic effect against cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 11.4 and 41.9 µg/mL.  \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Piper, Piperaceae, alkenylphenols, cytotoxicity, anticancer, gibbilimbol B.","PeriodicalId":16801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy","volume":"84 1","pages":"174-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76356832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mexican mistletoe Struthanthus venetus (HBK Blume) inhibits proliferation and synergizes antagonistic actions of Tamoxifen and Fulvestrant in breast cancer MCF-7 cells","authors":"Lorenzana-Jiménez Marte, Estela Avila María, Figueroa Alejandra, Mendiola-Almaraz Lorena, Alfonso Magos Guerrero Gil, L. Cristina","doi":"10.5897/jpp2018.0508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jpp2018.0508","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72957075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the therapeutic and toxicological knowledge of herbalists on the most notified plants in the poison control and pharmacovigilance center of Morocco","authors":"Zakariya Imane, Ifezouane Jihane, A. Amal, Skalli Souad, Bousliman Yassir","doi":"10.5897/jpp2018.0507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jpp2018.0507","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85304480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of ethanolic extract of Cucurbita maxima (PUMPKIN) leaf on acetaminophen-induced acute liver toxicity","authors":"O. Michael, Oluwayemisi Bamidele Titilayo, Abdullahi Ubana Mohammed","doi":"10.5897/jpp2018.0498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jpp2018.0498","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73158178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of the protective effect of leaf extracts of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) and Ocimum canum (curry) on acetaminophen induced acute liver toxicity","authors":"Okey Enemali Michael, Chidi Udedi Stanley","doi":"10.5897/JPP2018.0497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JPP2018.0497","url":null,"abstract":"The quest for alternate medicine in preventing and combating hepatotoxicity led to the screening of aqueous and ethanol extracts of dried leaves of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (bitter leaf) and Ocimum canum Linn (curry leaf) for phytochemicals and in vitro antioxidant properties. Some rats were pretreated with the extracts and later administered with 2g/kg of body weight single dose of acetaminophen and the hepatoprotective effect of the extracts was determined by assessing the liver function, antioxidant enzyme activities and histological status of their livers, using standard biochemical methods.The extracts were rich in bioactive compounds and showed concentration-dependent variation in in vitro free radical (DPPH) scavenging activity. A 400mg/kg of body weight per day pretreatment (for seven days) with the extracts gave hepatoprotection to the rats. This was evidenced in the reduction of the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) by 43% in aqueous extract of O. canum to 92% in V. amygdalina and marked increase of the serum albumin concentration. Aqueous leaf extract of V. amygdalina caused the highest increase in GPx activity while ethanol leaf extract of O. canum gave the highest (350%) increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, compared to the negative control. Also the lobular architecture of the hepatocytes was preserved. V. amygdalina and O. canum have important role in medicine as they contain substances that scavenge free radicals, stimulate activities of antioxidant enzymes and preserve the liver architecture in occasion of acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Vernonia amygdalina, Ocimum canum, hepatoprotection, oxidative stress, free radical-scavenging, hepatocytes.","PeriodicalId":16801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80589522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulcandi a healing natural ash coal against gastric acidity: Scientific comprehension","authors":"E. Akpalo, Eklu Gudrun Aba, Awaga, Eklu Abatevi Aba","doi":"10.5897/jpp2018.0504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jpp2018.0504","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72753339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal metagenomes in polyherbal medicines used for the treatment of tuberculosis","authors":"Bosede Famewo Elizabeth, Maria Clarke Anna, Jide Afolayan Anthony","doi":"10.5897/jpp2018.0489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jpp2018.0489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76619014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnopharmacological studies of plants used for the treatment of rheumatic affections in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso","authors":"N. H. Y. Estelle, W. Joelle, Y. H. Fasteylah, Edgard R. Zongo Frank, Nacoulma Aminata, P. G. Innocent, Ouédraogo Dieu-Donné","doi":"10.5897/jpp2018.0494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jpp2018.0494","url":null,"abstract":"Plants are a considerable source of active substances which are exploited in the treatment of several diseases, among which are rheumatic affections. This study aimed to explore the knowledge of traditional practitioners and patients on medicinal plant species of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, used for the treatment of rheumatic affections. Direct interviews with open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires were used to collect information on ethnopharmacological uses of plants among 50 traditional practitioners and 125 patients of the Department of Rheumatology, CHU-Yalgado Ouedraogo. Majority of the traditional practitioners were male (70%) and their average age was 56.42 years. 74% of traditional practitioners had non-formal education and their knowledge on rheumatic affections was limited. A total of 73 medicinal plants belonging to 70 genera in 41 families were cited as being important for the treatment of rheumatism by traditional practitioners. Among the families, Caesalpiniaceae, Combretaceae, Meliaceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae and Apocynaceae were the most represented and root dominated by 52% over other plant parts used as herbal remedies. Plants were used alone or in association with other plants or ingredients. The decoctions were more recommended and administered through oral and topical routes. Majority of the interviewed patients were female (73%) and half of the patients used a traditional treatment in rheumatic affection. The oral route was the advantaged mode of administration of remedies (55.7%) and approximately 10% of the patients considered that the side effects or the interactions between conventional medicine and healing plants were absent. Traditional practitioners are widely involved in the care of rheumatic affections in Ouagadougou. This is the first record on traditional practitioners’ knowledge on plants used for the treatment of rheumatism in this area. Investigations have to continue to justify the empirical use of these plants and to obtain essays of medicinal formulations. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Rheumatic affections, medicinal plants, traditional practitioners, Ouagadougou.","PeriodicalId":16801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85510357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}