Rachel M Carlowicz Lee, Toniann D Keiling, Joseph D Warren
{"title":"Seasonal abundance, lipid storage, and energy density of Calanus finmarchicus and other copepod preyfields along the Northwest Atlantic continental shelf","authors":"Rachel M Carlowicz Lee, Toniann D Keiling, Joseph D Warren","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbae014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbae014","url":null,"abstract":"Calanus finmarchicus is an abundant calanoid copepod in the New York Bight (NYB) that has energy-dense lipid stores. This study measured C. finmarchicus abundance, lipid storage and energy density and compared it to two other abundant calanoid species in the region. We compared the NYB C. finmarchicus preyfield characteristics with data from two other NW Atlantic coastal ecosystems, the Gulf of Maine (GoM) and Cape Cod Bay (CCB). Copepods from net tows were identified, enumerated, photographed and measured. These data were used to calculate animal biovolume and lipid content as well as the volumetric energy density of the copepod preyfield. C. finmarchicus were most abundant in spring and summer and the mean lipid storage of C. finmarchicus remained largely constant regardless of season and location within the NYB. Centropages typicus were abundant enough in the winter to be more energy-rich than C. finmarchicus. Temora longicornis, while also abundant, never surpassed the energy density of C. finmarchicus. C. finmarchicus in the NYB were comparably lipid-rich to those from the GoM and CCB. C. finmarchicus in the NYB can be a reliable energy source for local predators due to their high spring and summer abundances and year-round storage of high-energy wax esters.","PeriodicalId":16800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plankton Research","volume":"2011 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140833016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erwin Kers, Eva Leu, Per-Arne Amundsen, Raul Primicerio, Martin Kainz, Amanda E Poste
{"title":"Under ice plankton and lipid dynamics in a subarctic lake","authors":"Erwin Kers, Eva Leu, Per-Arne Amundsen, Raul Primicerio, Martin Kainz, Amanda E Poste","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbae018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbae018","url":null,"abstract":"Climate warming causes shorter winters and changes in ice and snow cover in subarctic lakes, highlighting the need to better understand under-ice ecosystem functioning. The plankton community in a subarctic, oligotrophic lake was studied throughout the ice-covered season, focusing on lipid dynamics and life history traits in two actively overwintering copepods, Cyclops scutifer and Eudiaptomus graciloides. Whereas C. scutifer was overwintering in C-IV to C-V stage, E. graciloides reproduced under ice cover. Both species had accumulated lipids prior to ice-on and showed a substantial decrease in total lipid content throughout the ice-covered period: E. graciloides (60%–38% dw) and C. scutifer (73%–33% dw). Polyunsaturated fatty acids of algal origin were highest in E. graciloides and declined strongly in both species. Stearidonic acid (18:4n-3) content in E. graciloides was particularly high and decreased rapidly during the study period by 50%, probably due to reproduction. The copepods differed in feeding behavior, with the omnivore C. scutifer continuing to accumulate lipids until January, whereas the herbivorous E. graciloides accumulated lipids from under-ice primary production during the last months of ice-cover. Our findings emphasize the importance of lipid accumulation and utilization for actively overwintering copepods irrespective of the timing of their reproduction.","PeriodicalId":16800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plankton Research","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140832999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Zooplankton seasonal vertical migration in an optimality-based plankton ecosystem model","authors":"Michal Grossowicz, Markus Pahlow","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbae016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbae016","url":null,"abstract":"Several species from various zooplankton taxa perform seasonal vertical migrations (SVM) of typically several hundred meters between the surface layer and overwintering depths, particularly in high-latitude regions. We use OPtimality-based PLAnkton (OPPLA) ecosystem model) to simulate SVM behavior in zooplankton in the Labrador Sea. Zooplankton in OPPLA is a generic functional group without life cycle, which facilitates analyzing SVM evolutionary stability and interactions between SVM and the plankton ecosystem. A sensitivity analysis of SVM-related parameters reveals that SVM can amplify the seasonal variations of phytoplankton and zooplankton and enhance the reduction of summer surface nutrient concentrations. SVM is often explained as a strategy to reduce exposure to visual predators during winter. We find that species doing SVM can persist and even dominate the summer-time zooplankton community, even in the presence of Stayers, which have the same traits as the migrators, but do not perform SVM. The advantage of SVM depends strongly on the timing of the seasonal migrations, particularly the day of ascent. The presence of higher (visual) predators tends to suppress the Stayers in our simulations, whereas the SVM strategy can persist in the presence of non-migrating species even without higher predators.","PeriodicalId":16800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plankton Research","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140810821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katharina Kordubel, Burkard Baschek, Martin Hieronymi, Yoana G Voynova, Klas O Möller
{"title":"Improving the sampling of red Noctiluca scintillans to understand its impact on coastal ecosystem dynamics","authors":"Katharina Kordubel, Burkard Baschek, Martin Hieronymi, Yoana G Voynova, Klas O Möller","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbae010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbae010","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, natural and anthropogenic pressures caused an apparent increase in the frequency and spread of red Noctiluca scintillans (RNS) blooms. Here, we describe this potential expansion and the associated environmental factors based on an extensive literature review (1857–2023). Our analysis suggests that Noctiluca increased over time in several Australian, Chinese and European coastal regions. We point to eutrophication, ocean warming and deoxygenation as possible drivers of these intensifications. Moreover, we demonstrate Noctiluca’s importance for coastal ecosystems: with competitive advantages causing fast and intense blooms, Noctiluca has the potential to alter plankton communities, influencing productivity in affected areas. Throughout our analysis, we identified major knowledge gaps that are relevant to assess Noctiluca: (i) challenges in determining its spatiotemporal evolution; (ii) limited knowledge about drivers triggering and ending blooms; (iii) scarce information about feeding, reproduction and interaction in situ and (iv) uncertainty regarding its contribution to carbon export. We hypothesize that these gaps are related to limitations in traditional sampling techniques, and we highlight the need for a holistic approach combining traditional with novel techniques like remote sensing and underwater cameras. Our suggested approach could help filling the identified gaps and facilitate predictions of bloom dynamics and impacts under future climate conditions.","PeriodicalId":16800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plankton Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bryan C Alpecho, Mariano R M Duya, Nikki Y B Mendoza, Francis S Magbanua
{"title":"Littoral phytoplankton and zooplankton communities in a tropical reservoir: Pantabangan Reservoir, the Philippines","authors":"Bryan C Alpecho, Mariano R M Duya, Nikki Y B Mendoza, Francis S Magbanua","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbae006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbae006","url":null,"abstract":"Littoral phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity are influenced by the water quality parameters and their trophic interactions. In the largest reservoir of the Philippines, this study examined the water quality and plankton community composition in the littoral zone across three sampling sites and four depths. Of the three sites, one is located near active fish cages, one near the mouth of a tributary and one near an outlet of an upstream dam. A total of 36 phytoplankton and 34 zooplankton taxa were identified, with most taxa belonging to Chlorophyta and Cyclopoida. The most abundant phytoplankton and zooplankton taxa were Aulacoseira and Microcyclops, respectively. The three most abundant phytoplankton (Aulacoseira, Oscillatoria, Volvox) were most positively correlated with the nutrient levels [total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and TN:TP ratio]. A significant interaction of sampling site and depth was recorded for the phytoplankton’s Shannon diversity index and community composition. The decreased zooplankton diversity amidst decreased phytoplankton diversity in the aquaculture site aligns with the effect of lowered resource heterogeneity on zooplankton. The increased phytoplankton diversity and decreased zooplankton density and taxon richness at shallower depths were probably linked with the light availability.","PeriodicalId":16800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plankton Research","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140314883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingyuan Li, Ping Du, Haibo Li, Yuan Zhao, Ming Mao, Li Zhao, Yi Dong, Yepeng Xu, Gérald Grégori, Wuchang Zhang
{"title":"Seasonal organization of tintinnid community by temperature preference and LOD size-class in a subtropical brackish embayment","authors":"Jingyuan Li, Ping Du, Haibo Li, Yuan Zhao, Ming Mao, Li Zhao, Yi Dong, Yepeng Xu, Gérald Grégori, Wuchang Zhang","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbae005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbae005","url":null,"abstract":"Most annual studies of tintinnid and phytoplankton in coastal habitats are influenced by alien species introduced by water masses exchange, and therefore cannot be used as direct evidence for exploring the mechanism of annual succession in indigenous community. For brackish communities, very limited annual studies exist because of the difficulty of conducting stable sampling in the transition between freshwater and seawater. The special topography of Xiangshan Bay isolates the external water mass and provides a suitable habitat for exploring the annual succession mechanism of the brackish tintinnid community. In this study, samples were collected from seven stations in Tie Harbor, Xiangshan Bay (East China Sea) during 10 months from 2022 to 2023. A total of 23 tintinnid species of five genera were identified throughout the year. These tintinnid species can be clustered into four seasonal groups, winter, summer, autumn and spring-autumn, with three temperature preferences. The Lorica Oral Diameter (LOD) size-class of each tintinnid species, which determines the food item size of tintinnid, separated their different ecological niches within each seasonal group. The seasonal succession of tintinnid community in Xiangshan Bay was organized by both temperature preference and LOD size of the tintinnid species.","PeriodicalId":16800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plankton Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140044078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evidence for adaptive strategies in larval capelin on the northeastern coast of Newfoundland, Canada","authors":"Ashley Tripp, Hannah M Murphy, Gail K Davoren","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbad052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbad052","url":null,"abstract":"Fish species with high mortality during early life may maximize fitness using adaptive strategies to time hatching to match favorable environmental conditions (match/mismatch) or extending spawning/hatching to disperse risk (bet-hedging). We examined support for these strategies in a collapsed forage fish, capelin (Mallotus villosus), in coastal Newfoundland (2018–2021). Capelin shift from spawning at warm, intertidal to cool, subtidal (15–40 m) habitats in warmer years, with unknown recruitment consequences. We hypothesized that match/mismatch (specifically, Coastal Water Mass Replacement Hypothesis) would be supported if densities of recently hatched larvae showed pulses that overlapped with high prey and low predator densities. Generalized additive models revealed that larval densities increased with zooplankton prey biomass, but were not influenced by predator biomass or temperature, contrasting with pre-collapse studies and providing equivocal support for match/mismatch. Protracted larval emergence and previously documented high variability in larval traits supported a bet-hedging strategy. Larval condition (i.e. length, yolk-sac diameter) did not differ between habitats but varied among years, where the highest proportion of larvae in poor condition was from the intertidal site in the warmest year (2018). Findings suggest that spawning habitat shifts may have limited impact on stock recovery relative to year-specific environmental conditions that influence larval condition.","PeriodicalId":16800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plankton Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140044023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Per Hedberg, Markus Olsson, Helena Höglander, Volker Brüchert, Monika Winder
{"title":"Climate change effects on plankton recruitment from coastal sediments.","authors":"Per Hedberg, Markus Olsson, Helena Höglander, Volker Brüchert, Monika Winder","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbad060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbad060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In highly seasonal systems, the emergence of planktonic resting stages from the sediment is a key driver for bloom timing and plankton community composition. The termination of the resting phase is often linked to environmental cues, but the extent to which recruitment of resting stages is affected by climate change remains largely unknown for coastal environments. Here we investigate phyto- and zooplankton recruitment from oxic sediments in the Baltic Sea in a controlled experiment under proposed temperature and light increase during the spring and summer. We find that emergence of resting stage differs between seasons and the abiotic environment. Phytoplankton recruitment from resting stages were high in spring with significantly higher emergence rates at increased temperature and light levels for dinoflagellate and cyanobacteria than for diatoms, which had highest emergence under cold and dark conditions. In comparison, hatching of copepod nauplii was not affected by increased temperature and light levels. These results show that activation of plankton resting stages are affected to different degrees by increasing temperature and light levels, indicating that climate change affects plankton dynamics through processes related to resting stage termination with potential consequences for bloom timing, community composition and trophic mismatch.</p>","PeriodicalId":16800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plankton Research","volume":"46 2","pages":"117-125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10987100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanasivan Kisten, Michelle Kruger, Nadine A Strydom
{"title":"Occurrence of larval fishes sampled by drifting light traps in the lower reaches of a South African estuary.","authors":"Yanasivan Kisten, Michelle Kruger, Nadine A Strydom","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbad058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbad058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tidal occurrence of larval fishes was investigated in the permanently open Kowie Estuary on the warm-temperate coast of South Africa. Larval fishes were sampled in the mouth region using two drifting light traps deployed on the ebb and flood tides every second night for two consecutive 14-day periods, coinciding with the dark moon phase. A total of 553 larval fishes were caught, representing nine families and 26 species, of which Blenniidae and Clupeidae dominated. The prevalence of different estuarine association fish guilds was also tide-specific. Marine and estuarine species, such as <i>Omobranchus woodi,</i> were more dominant during flood tides, while marine straggler species, such as <i>Sardinops sagax,</i> which are not dependent on estuaries, were dominant on the ebb tide. Marine estuarine-dependents were only present during flood tides, potentially indicating ingress and entrainment within the estuary. The results confirm that light trap catches yield a different composition of species compared to towed ichthyoplankton net studies. Additionally, drifting light traps allow for better targeting of species with a phototactic response and reduction of incidental catch. Consequently, a mixture of gear is encouraged for more comprehensive surveys of larval fish occurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":16800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plankton Research","volume":"46 2","pages":"174-182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10987099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydrostatic pressure impedes the degradation of sinking copepod carcasses and fecal pellets","authors":"Belén Franco-Cisterna, Peter Stief, Ronnie N Glud","doi":"10.1093/plankt/fbae002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbae002","url":null,"abstract":"Fast-sinking zooplankton carcasses and fecal pellets appear to contribute significantly to the vertical transport of particulate organic carbon (POC), partly because of low temperature that decreases microbial degradation during the descent into the deep ocean. Increasing hydrostatic pressure could further reduce the degradation efficiency of sinking POC, but this effect remains unexplored. Here, the degradation of carcasses and fecal pellets of the abundant marine copepod Calanus finmarchicus was experimentally studied as a function of pressure (0.1–100 MPa). Samples were either exposed to elevated pressure in short 1-day incubations or a gradual pressure increase, simulating continuous particle sinking during a 20-day incubation. Both experiments revealed gradual inhibition of microbial respiration in the pressure range of 20–100 MPa, corresponding to 2–10-km depth. This suggests that hydrostatic pressure impedes carbon mineralization of fast-sinking carcasses and fecal pellets and enhances the deep-sea deposition rate of zooplankton-derived organic material.","PeriodicalId":16800,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plankton Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139668995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}