Journal of Pharmacy Technology最新文献_第10页

Telepharmacy

IF 1

Journal of Pharmacy Technology Pub Date : 2016-09-21 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516670415

T. Steckler

引用次数: 7

Advances in Basal Insulin Therapy 基础胰岛素治疗进展

IF 1

Journal of Pharmacy Technology Pub Date : 2016-09-02 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516667128

J. Goldman, J. White

{"title":"Advances in Basal Insulin Therapy","authors":"J. Goldman, J. White","doi":"10.1177/8755122516667128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755122516667128","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To review 2 new basal insulin analogs that have been approved in the United States for use in type 1 and type 2 diabetes—insulin glargine 300 units/mL and insulin degludec 100 units/mL and 200 units/mL. Data Sources: PubMed was searched using the terms “insulin glargine 300 units/mL,” “Gla-300,” “insulin degludec,” “IDeg,” “insulin degludec 200 units/mL,” and “insulin degludec 100 units/mL” for articles published between 1995 and May 2016. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Clinical trials, meta-analyses and subanalyses were identified; review articles were excluded. Relevant citations from identified articles were also reviewed. Data Synthesis: The new basal insulins, insulin glargine 300 units/mL and insulin degludec 100 units/mL and 200 units/mL, have improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles compared to insulin glargine 100 units/mL. All demonstrate longer durations of action, beyond 24 hours, and less variability. These improved profiles translate into comparable A1C reductions and comparable, or improved, levels of hypoglycemia compared to insulin glargine 100 units/mL. Conclusions: These benefits may lead to improved glycemic control in a range of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with true once-daily dosing.","PeriodicalId":16796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"260 - 268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90051547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Impact of Clinical Pharmacy on Asthma in Pregnancy in a Maternal-Fetal Care Clinic 临床药学对母婴保健诊所妊娠期哮喘的影响

IF 1

Journal of Pharmacy Technology Pub Date : 2016-08-31 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516667127

Alicia B. Forinash, Danielle Chamness, Abigail M. Yancey, J. Koerner, K. Mathews, Collin Miller, Judy Thompson, T. Myles

{"title":"Impact of Clinical Pharmacy on Asthma in Pregnancy in a Maternal-Fetal Care Clinic","authors":"Alicia B. Forinash, Danielle Chamness, Abigail M. Yancey, J. Koerner, K. Mathews, Collin Miller, Judy Thompson, T. Myles","doi":"10.1177/8755122516667127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755122516667127","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asthma complicates 4% to 8% of pregnancies. The impact of clinical pharmacists providing asthma management and education to obstetric patients is unknown. Objective: Evaluate the impact of and patient satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services on asthma in pregnancy. Methods: This prospective quasi-experimental study enrolled 30 pregnant patients with asthma and assessed perceived asthma understanding, control, and inhaler technique before and after a clinical pharmacist visit and education. The primary outcome was change in pre- and postsurvey scores. Items were rated on a 5-point Likert-type scale; higher scores represented higher perceived knowledge or satisfaction. Secondary outcomes included inhaler technique scores, asthma control, correlating patient-specific factors with the primary outcome, and level of patient satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services. Results: Perceived knowledge of asthma in pregnancy median score (maximum score 50) significantly increased with clinical pharmacy education (37.5 pre vs 49 post, P = .001). Prior to clinical pharmacy services, patients highly rated their perceived knowledge of asthma in pregnancy with median scores on 7 of 10 items between 4 and 5. Despite this, significant changes were observed on 9 items. The proportion of patients with controlled asthma significantly increased after the pharmacist visit (33.3% vs 90%, P < .001). Satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services was overwhelmingly positive with average scores on all items 4.5 to 5. Inhaler technique scores significantly increased from baseline to follow-up (4 vs 7, P = .001). Conclusions: Pharmacists significantly improved patient perceived knowledge about asthma, asthma control, and inhaler technique. Patients were overwhelmingly satisfied with the care provided by the pharmacist.","PeriodicalId":16796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"240 - 244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81420256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

INR Stability, Clinical Importance, and Predictors in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Venous Thromboembolism Receiving Vitamin K Antagonists 房颤和静脉血栓栓塞患者服用维生素K拮抗剂的INR稳定性、临床重要性和预测因素

IF 1

Journal of Pharmacy Technology Pub Date : 2016-07-28 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516661736

C. White

{"title":"INR Stability, Clinical Importance, and Predictors in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Venous Thromboembolism Receiving Vitamin K Antagonists","authors":"C. White","doi":"10.1177/8755122516661736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755122516661736","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Compare and contrast systematic reviews/meta-analyses assessing the time in the therapeutic range (TTR) for vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), clinical impact, and predictors. Data Sources: OVID MEDLINE search (1980-June 1, 2016) using the terms “vitamin K antagonist or warfarin” and “systematic review or meta-analysis” with backwards citation tracking from procured articles. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Search results were limited to systematic reviews assessing TTR with VKAs in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) or venous thromboembolism (VTE). Data Synthesis: Six systematic reviews assessed TTR (4 in AF, 2 in VTE), and 3 of those assessed control at the time of a thrombotic or bleeding event (2 in AF, 1 in VTE). In patients on VKAs, greater TTR is correlated with fewer thromboembolic events and bleeding complications. VKA naïve patients have a harder time maintaining TTR than those with a previous knowledge of the likely therapeutic dose. Patients in the United States spend less TTR than those in other countries. Randomized clinical trials and anticoagulation clinics achieve greater TTR than those treated outside of these settings. The overall TTR has not improved from the first systematic reviews to the newest ones even though they were conducted 10 years apart and contained many new studies. Also, TTR in AF and VTE is similar. Conclusions: TTR is an important metric of VKA efficacy and safety and needs to be optimized. Many factors such as being VKA naïve can compromise TTR, and the use of anticoagulation clinics to optimize therapy is an important approach.","PeriodicalId":16796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology","volume":"92 1","pages":"253 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79999478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Physician Satisfaction With Clinical Pharmacist Services in an Obstetrics and Gynecology Teaching Clinic 某妇产科教学门诊医师对临床药师服务的满意度

IF 1

Journal of Pharmacy Technology Pub Date : 2016-07-12 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516658767

Alicia B. Forinash, Danielle Chamness, Abigail M. Yancey, K. Mathews, Collin Miller, Judy Thompson, T. Myles

{"title":"Physician Satisfaction With Clinical Pharmacist Services in an Obstetrics and Gynecology Teaching Clinic","authors":"Alicia B. Forinash, Danielle Chamness, Abigail M. Yancey, K. Mathews, Collin Miller, Judy Thompson, T. Myles","doi":"10.1177/8755122516658767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755122516658767","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate physician satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services in an obstetrics teaching clinic. Study Design: A 35-question survey was created to evaluate demographics and provider satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services using 5-point Likert scale and open response questions. Surveys were administered to all clinic attendings, maternal fetal medicine fellows, and OB/Gyn residents in June 2014 via Survey Monkey. Results: Thirty-one physicians (83.8%) completed the survey. The first set of questions utilized a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from “poor” (1) to “excellent” (5) and evaluated respondents’ impressions of the clinical pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and professional behavior. The median score was 5 (“excellent”) on all items in the survey, and many demonstrated an average response of 4.81 to 4.9 or higher, demonstrating that almost all respondents chose “excellent.” The next set of questions assessed the clinical pharmacist’s role with the clinic’s multidisciplinary team and asked respondents to answer questions based on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from “strongly disagree” (1) to “strongly agree” (5). The majority of responses to questions in this section were between 4.19 and 4.84. Reasons for referring patients to the clinical pharmacist were smoking cessation, asthma management, psych medication use/issues, adherence/polypharmacy, medication reconciliation, counseling on medication safety in pregnancy, insulin/heparin administration, and substance abuse. Conclusions: Overall, the survey identified a positive response and high level of physician satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services. Clinical pharmacy has the capacity to enhance pregnancy care and should be more routinely integrated into the prenatal care team.","PeriodicalId":16796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":"191 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75017113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Initial Dosing and Taper Complexity of Methadone and Morphine for Treatment of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome 美沙酮和吗啡治疗新生儿戒断综合征的初始剂量和逐渐减少的复杂性

IF 1

Journal of Pharmacy Technology Pub Date : 2016-07-04 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516657566

Bethany W. Ibach, Peter N. Johnson, K. Ernst, D. Harrison, Jamie L. Miller

{"title":"Initial Dosing and Taper Complexity of Methadone and Morphine for Treatment of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome","authors":"Bethany W. Ibach, Peter N. Johnson, K. Ernst, D. Harrison, Jamie L. Miller","doi":"10.1177/8755122516657566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755122516657566","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Methadone and morphine are commonly used to treat neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Limited data exist to describe the most appropriate initial doses and taper regimens of these agents. Objectives: Describe the median initial dose and frequency of methadone and morphine for NAS. Compare dose adjustments, time to symptom relief, and taper complexity between groups. Methods: Retrospective study of neonates receiving enteral methadone or morphine for NAS over a 4-year period. Data collection included medication regimen, abstinence scores based on the Modified Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring Tool, and adverse events. Planned home taper complexity was assessed using the Medication Taper Complexity Score–Revised (MTCS-R). The primary outcome was initial opioid dose. Secondary outcomes included number of dose adjustments, time to symptom relief, and MTCS-R score. Results: Fifty neonates were initially treated for NAS with methadone (n = 36) or morphine (n = 14). The median initial dose was 0.09 mg/kg (range = 0.03-0.2) for methadone and 0.04 mg/kg (range = 0.03-0.4) for morphine. The most common initial dosing interval was q8h for methadone versus q3h for morphine. Number of dose adjustments and time to symptom relief were similar between groups. Median MTCS-R scores were similar between groups. There was no difference in adverse events between groups. Limitations included small sample size, preference toward methadone use, and variability of initial opioid dosing and titration. Conclusions: There was significant variability in initial doses of both agents. Neonates receiving methadone required less frequent dosing than morphine, which may result in easier administration and may allow for safer outpatient administration.","PeriodicalId":16796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"216 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90768884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Insulin Allergy 胰岛素过敏

IF 1

Journal of Pharmacy Technology Pub Date : 2016-06-23 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516655544

Kayla M. Natali, J. Goldman

{"title":"Insulin Allergy","authors":"Kayla M. Natali, J. Goldman","doi":"10.1177/8755122516655544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755122516655544","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: A case of insulin allergy to insulin aspart, insulin aspart protamine/insulin aspart 70/30, insulin lispro, and insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro 75/25 in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus is reported. Case Summary: A 76-year-old Caucasian male weighing 81 kg presented with complaints of burning, lumps, and a rash where his insulin aspart protamine/insulin aspart 70/30 was injected 2 months after initiation. Because poor injection technique can mimic insulin allergy, the patient was counseled again on proper injection technique. The patient presented 2 weeks later with the same complaints. Insulin aspart protamine/insulin aspart 70/30 was discontinued and insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro 75/25 was initiated. The patient presented 3 months later with a localized reaction. Insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro 75/25 was discontinued and insulin U100 glargine and insulin lispro were initiated. One week later, the patient still had complaints of a localized reaction and was referred to an allergist for testing. Skin prick tests revealed insulin allergy to insulin aspart and insulin lispro but not to insulin U100 glargine or insulin glulisine. The patient’s regimen was changed to insulin U100 glargine and insulin glulisine, and he has not experienced any reaction since. Discussion: Allergic reactions to human insulin preparations are rare and may present as a localized reaction or a generalized reaction. Different types of allergic reactions to human insulin have been reported, including type I, type III, and type IV hypersensitivity reactions. If insulin allergy is suspected, the following steps should be taken to confirm such allergy: evaluation of injection technique, switching to a different insulin preparation, and referral to an allergist for allergy testing if necessary. Conclusion: A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus experienced a type I hypersensitivity reaction to insulin aspart, insulin aspart protamine/insulin aspart 70/30, insulin lispro, and insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro 75/25.","PeriodicalId":16796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"210 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86698297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

PCSK9 Inhibitors PCSK9抑制剂

IF 1

Journal of Pharmacy Technology Pub Date : 2016-06-23 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516653970

Zachary Mueller, Kaitlyn Craddock, Jamie M. Pitlick, Andrew J. Crannage

{"title":"PCSK9 Inhibitors","authors":"Zachary Mueller, Kaitlyn Craddock, Jamie M. Pitlick, Andrew J. Crannage","doi":"10.1177/8755122516653970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755122516653970","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 2 human monoclonal antibodies, alirocumab and evolocumab, on reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), cardiovascular benefits, and their place in current practice. Data Sources: A search of MEDLINE and Scopus databases (1966 to May 2016) with search terms “alirocumab,” “evolocumab,” “LDL,” and “PCSK9.” Study Selection and Data Extraction: The search identified phase 3 randomized control trials in English language in the past 10 years that studied LDL-C reduction of alirocumab or evolocumab. The studies were assessed for all efficacy and safety endpoints. Data Synthesis: Twelve total studies were identified evaluating alirocumab or evolocumab. These monoclonal antibodies have been shown to significantly decrease LDL-C as monotherapy and in combination with statins in phase 3 clinical trials in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia as well as familial hypercholesterolemia by inhibiting PCSK9. Alirocumab significantly reduced LDL-C by up to 61%, while evolocumab significantly reduced LDL-C by up to 66%. Adverse effects of these medications have been low and overall well tolerated. Conclusion: Although these monoclonal antibodies have shown to significantly reduce LDL-C, their effect on cardiovascular outcomes has not yet been determined. Further studies are being conducted to assess the cardiovascular benefit of both alirocumab and evolocumab. Until these studies demonstrate a reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, statins should remain first-line therapy for most patients. However, alirocumab and evolocumab can be used as an effective adjunctive therapy option to lower LDL-C or in patients who are statin intolerant.","PeriodicalId":16796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"201 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75323423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Drug Information Resources Used by Chain Community Pharmacists in Tennessee 田纳西州连锁社区药师使用的药物信息资源

IF 1

Journal of Pharmacy Technology Pub Date : 2016-06-08 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516653611

N. Borja‐Hart, Bethany G. Leachman

{"title":"Drug Information Resources Used by Chain Community Pharmacists in Tennessee","authors":"N. Borja‐Hart, Bethany G. Leachman","doi":"10.1177/8755122516653611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755122516653611","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Community pharmacists are a highly utilized drug information resource for patients and health care providers. Good retrieval skills and the availability of credible references are key to providing necessary information. Objective: This study aimed to identify the types of drug information resources used by chain community pharmacists in Tennessee. Methods: A phone survey was conducted by a trained pharmacy student to 39 pharmacists working at chain community pharmacies. Demographic questions, types of drug information resources available, Internet availability, smartphone applications (apps) used, and most common drug information questions received were identified. Results: Electronic tertiary drug resources were used by the majority of pharmacists, with the top 2 resources being Clinical Pharmacology and Facts and Comparisons. Seventy-four percent of pharmacists surveyed used smartphone apps to access information more quickly. Few pharmacists stated access to primary literature, while 4 pharmacists cited using the secondary resource PubMed. The 2 most commonly asked questions were concerning adverse drug reactions and side effects. Conclusions: Electronic drug information resources are widely available and utilized. In order to comply with all of the demands that a pharmacists comes across, these resources need to be very familiar and easy to operate from an efficiency stand-point.","PeriodicalId":16796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"185 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84678812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Administration of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Through Enteral Feeding Tubes 经肠内喂养管直接口服抗凝血剂的应用

IF 1

Journal of Pharmacy Technology Pub Date : 2016-05-13 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516646384

J. J. Peterson, J. Hoehns

{"title":"Administration of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Through Enteral Feeding Tubes","authors":"J. J. Peterson, J. Hoehns","doi":"10.1177/8755122516646384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755122516646384","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To review literature regarding direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and determine their viability of administration in solution or via enteral tubes. Data Sources: MEDLINE literature searches identified articles published 2007-present using MeSH terms: factor Xa inhibitors, antithrombins, biological availability, and enteral nutrition. Package inserts were included. Manufacturers were asked to provide literature. Study Selection and Data Extraction: We included studies emphasizing bioavailability or enteral administration. Data Synthesis: Dabigatran and edoxaban package inserts recommend against altering the dosage form, and against enteral administration. One rivaroxaban study was identified. Given with food, enteral administration was comparable to the oral tablet. The mean AUC (0.889, 90% CI 86.12-91.84%) was within the equivalency margins; however Cmax (0.820, 90% CI 78.84-85.86%) was slightly below the 80% threshold. One apixaban study was identified. They showed bioequivalence between oral and enteral administration in different vehicles, but decreased bioavailability when crushed tablets were given along with nutritional support. AUC and Cmax were 32% and 19% lower, respectively, when apixaban solution was given via nasogastric (NG) tube with nutritional supplement versus oral administration of solution. Conclusions: Dabigatran capsules should not be altered, due to large variations in drug exposure. Rivaroxaban can be given as oral solution or via NG tube. Larger doses must be given with nutritional supplementation and enteral tubes must not be distal to the stomach. Apixaban can be given as oral solution or via nasogastric or gastric tube on an empty stomach. Food impairs bioavailability of the crushed tablets. There are insufficient data to recommend enteral administration of edoxaban and the package insert recommends against altering tablets.","PeriodicalId":16796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology","volume":"55 1","pages":"196 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85838713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15