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Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments最新文献

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Exploiting the dynamic properties of FET-based chemical sensors 基于fet的化学传感器的动态特性研究
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 1989-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/001
P. Bergveld
{"title":"Exploiting the dynamic properties of FET-based chemical sensors","authors":"P. Bergveld","doi":"10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/001","url":null,"abstract":"After a long period of mainly static application of ISFETS, other more sophisticated applications are being developed, based on the exploitation of the dynamic properties of ISFETS. Examples are the use of flow-through cells with sample injection and the integration of a pH actuator electrode for very fast titration in a microvolume. The development of an immunoFET makes use of induced transient phenomena","PeriodicalId":16791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments","volume":"25 1","pages":"678-683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89770097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
A simple, ultralow magnetic field NMR imaging system 一个简单的，超低磁场核磁共振成像系统
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 1989-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/017
G. C. Nascimento, R. E. Souza, M. Engelsberg
{"title":"A simple, ultralow magnetic field NMR imaging system","authors":"G. C. Nascimento, R. E. Souza, M. Engelsberg","doi":"10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/017","url":null,"abstract":"The construction of a simple, low-cost NMR imaging system including a 0.3 m diameter electromagnet is described. The system operates at the unusually low frequency of 680 kHz and can be readily scaled-up to a full body machine. In spite of the inherently poor signal-to-noise ratio at this frequency, potentially useful results may be obtained using very simple and inexpensive equipment and a home-built approach.","PeriodicalId":16791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments","volume":"383 1","pages":"774-779"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83467564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Analysis of the local field effects on voltage measurements with an 'in-lens spectrometer' “透镜内分光计”电压测量中的局部场效应分析
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 1989-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/008
B. Wolf, J. Zach, H. Rose
{"title":"Analysis of the local field effects on voltage measurements with an 'in-lens spectrometer'","authors":"B. Wolf, J. Zach, H. Rose","doi":"10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/008","url":null,"abstract":"Voltage measurements in integrated circuits are often performed with an electron probe, in which case the measurement accuracy is limited by the so-called 'local field effects' (LFE). By performing ray tracing for the secondary electrons, the sensitivity of 'in-lens detection' to LFE has been analysed. A promising mode of operation was found for low extraction-field strengths (e.g. 40 V mm-1). By combining such an extraction field with a suitable objective-lens field the most crucial measurement error resulting from the LFE can be compensated. This method can also be applied, at least in principle, for the inspection of submicrometre devices. The results are compared with experimental measurements, some differences are discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":16791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments","volume":"43 1","pages":"720-725"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73796920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
A gas-gun facility for material impact studies using low-velocity, low-mass projectiles 用低速、低质量弹丸进行物质撞击研究的气枪设施
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 1989-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/016
J. Brown, P. Chappell, G. Egglestone, E. Gellert
{"title":"A gas-gun facility for material impact studies using low-velocity, low-mass projectiles","authors":"J. Brown, P. Chappell, G. Egglestone, E. Gellert","doi":"10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/016","url":null,"abstract":"A laboratory scale gas gun and associated instrumentation have been designed and constructed as a tool for transverse impact experiments on composite materials at velocities in the range 200-750 m s-1, using projectiles of 5.59 and 7.62 mm diameter (0.22 and 0.30 calibre respectively) which simulate fragments of larger munitions. Good agreement is obtained between the measured projectile velocities and those calculated from an approximate theoretical dynamic gas model.","PeriodicalId":16791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments","volume":"82 1","pages":"771-774"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83997987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
RAPID COMMUNICATION: A new UHV system with integrated STM for industrial applications 快速通信:用于工业应用的集成STM的新型特高压系统
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 1989-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/022
M. P. Cox, T. Heppell, W. Hanrieder
{"title":"RAPID COMMUNICATION: A new UHV system with integrated STM for industrial applications","authors":"M. P. Cox, T. Heppell, W. Hanrieder","doi":"10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/022","url":null,"abstract":"Standard components of surface analysis are integrated with a high-performance scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) into a UHV system. This new type of sample and tip handling system is fully compatible with the standard components and allows rapid exchange of samples and tips while maintaining UHV. The total drift of the STM was below 0.5 nm min-1; atomic resolution was attained on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. The installation has a resonant frequency of 2 Hz and is thus efficiently insulated from ground vibrations. This makes it suitable for use in an industrial environment.","PeriodicalId":16791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86565557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Mass-flow measurement of solids using electrodynamic and capacitance transducers 用电动力和电容传感器测量固体质量流量
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 1989-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/007
C. Xie, A. Stott, S. M. Huang, A. Plaskowski, M. Beck
{"title":"Mass-flow measurement of solids using electrodynamic and capacitance transducers","authors":"C. Xie, A. Stott, S. M. Huang, A. Plaskowski, M. Beck","doi":"10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/007","url":null,"abstract":"Mass-flow measurement of gas/solids flow is a common requirement in many industrial processes. The authors present a case study dealing with the measurement of returned fines in the recycle line of a fluidised-bed gasifier pilot plant. The problem is solved by measuring two parameters, namely the solids velocity and the volumetric concentration. The former is measured by cross correlating the electrostatic charge fluctuations generated by the conveyed solids, and the latter by using an inherently stray-immune capacitance transducer. The two measurements are then combined to give the solids mass-flow rate. The effects of solids flow characteristics (Reynolds number, flow regime) on the measurement errors of solids velocity and concentration are experimentally investigated. Possible measures to reduce these errors are discussed.","PeriodicalId":16791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments","volume":"12 1","pages":"712-719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76832776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 42
A variable time-resolution MCS for kinetic studies 用于动力学研究的可变时间分辨率MCS
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 1989-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/006
J. D. Clark, J. Guthrie, R. Chaney, A. J. Cunningham
{"title":"A variable time-resolution MCS for kinetic studies","authors":"J. D. Clark, J. Guthrie, R. Chaney, A. J. Cunningham","doi":"10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/9/006","url":null,"abstract":"The design and operation of an inexpensive multichannel scaler (MCS) having an adjustable time resolution between 100 ns/channel and 12.8 mu s/channel is described. The device is installed in one of the peripheral expansion slots of a microcomputer and utilises a total of 2048 channels. Software control provided by a user interface program allows convenient device configuration and data manipulation, display and storage. Two applications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":16791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments","volume":"1 1","pages":"709-711"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89963344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Techniques of optical scanning microscopy 光学扫描显微镜技术
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 1989-08-01 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/22/8/001
T. Wilson
{"title":"Techniques of optical scanning microscopy","authors":"T. Wilson","doi":"10.1088/0022-3735/22/8/001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/8/001","url":null,"abstract":"We review the imaging properties and electrical applications o f scanning optical microscopes. We show that the choice of a scanning approach allows the modification of the optical system to give differential phase contrast imaging and confocal imaging. The latter has unique properties which permit the high resolution imaging and metrology of thick device structures. We also discuss the optical beam-induced current method of device, VLSI circuit and material testing and consider the factors affecting its resolution.","PeriodicalId":16791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments","volume":"1 1","pages":"532-547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84349508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Frequency stability measurement on magnetic Lamb dip-stabilised lasers 磁性Lamb浸稳激光器的频率稳定性测量
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 1989-08-01 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/22/8/017
M. Oger, A. Daudé, A. Floch
{"title":"Frequency stability measurement on magnetic Lamb dip-stabilised lasers","authors":"M. Oger, A. Daudé, A. Floch","doi":"10.1088/0022-3735/22/8/017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/8/017","url":null,"abstract":"Compact Zeeman lasers have been built to test the frequency stability which can be obtained using the magnetic Lamb dip. The lasers are strictly monomode. No frequency modulation is needed, the error function resulting from a Zeeman modulation of the sigma components of the laser line for a fixed laser frequency. Frequency fluctuations of better than 10-11 are obtained by Allan variance analysis for the integration period range of 0.1-100 s.","PeriodicalId":16791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments","volume":"60 1","pages":"618-622"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87604687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Improving magnetic field gradient coils for NMR imaging 改进核磁共振成像磁场梯度线圈
Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments Pub Date : 1989-08-01 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/22/8/007
B. Suits, D. Wilken
{"title":"Improving magnetic field gradient coils for NMR imaging","authors":"B. Suits, D. Wilken","doi":"10.1088/0022-3735/22/8/007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/22/8/007","url":null,"abstract":"A general method of designing magnetic field gradient coils for NMR imaging is suggested and developed. The method utilises a combination of exact calculations for infinite continuous current sheets with a series expansion method to analyse finite discrete models of the continuous case. The method is applied to two orientations for coils on a cylindrical form resulting in improvements of existing gradient coil designs.","PeriodicalId":16791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments","volume":"84 12 1","pages":"565-573"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83225786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 40
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