Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data最新文献

{"title":"Positron Scattering from Gas-Phase Beryllium and Magnesium: Theory, Recommended Cross Sections, and Transport Simulations","authors":"F. Blanco, G. Garcia, R. McEachran, P. Stokes, R. White, M. Brunger","doi":"10.1063/1.5115353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115353","url":null,"abstract":"Results from the application of our optical potential and relativistic optical potential models to positron scattering from gas-phase beryllium (Be) and magnesium (Mg) are presented. Specifically, total cross sections and integral cross sections for the elastic, positronium formation, summed discrete electronic-state excitation, and ionization scattering processes are reported for both species and over an extended incident positron energy range. Where possible, these results are compared against the existing theoretical and experimental data, although it must be noted here that no current measurements are yet available for Be and those that are available for Mg are largely restricted to the total cross section. Nonetheless, on the basis of that comparison, recommended cross section datasets, for all the aforementioned cross sections, are formed. Those recommended cross section data are subsequently employed in a Boltzmann equation analysis to simulate the transport of positrons, under the influence of an applied (external) electric field, through the background Be and Mg gases. Note that relativistic optical potential results for the elastic momentum transfer cross section are also reported, to allow us to account for anisotropy effects in our transport simulations. Finally, our positron simulation results for quantities such as the ionization rate coefficients and flux and bulk drift velocities are compared with the corresponding electron transport results with significant differences being observed.","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5115353","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45065641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EOS-LNG: A Fundamental Equation of State for the Calculation of Thermodynamic Properties of Liquefied Natural Gases","authors":"M. Thol, M. Richter, E. May, E. Lemmon, R. Span","doi":"10.1063/1.5093800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5093800","url":null,"abstract":"A new mixture model (EOS-LNG) for the accurate representation of thermodynamic property data of multicomponent natural gas mixtures in the liquid state is presented. The mathematical approach of the GERG-2008 equation of state of Kunz and Wagner is adopted and new binary-specific functions for methane + n-butane, methane + isobutane, methane + n-pentane, and methane + isopentane are developed. The representation of all experimental data available in the literature for the corresponding binary systems is carefully analyzed so that these functions can also be applied at fluid states beyond the liquefied natural gas (LNG) region. The EOS-LNG represents all available binary and multicomponent data in the LNG region within their specified experimental uncertainty, which is significantly more accurate than the GERG-2008 model. The main focus was given to the representation of new density data measured between 100 K and 180 K with a maximum pressure of 10 MPa. Deviations from the EOS-LNG presented here do not exceed 0.02% for binary data and 0.05% for multicomponent systems. Deviations of calculated values of these data from experimental data in other fluid regions are similar to or better than those calculated with the GERG-2008 model.A new mixture model (EOS-LNG) for the accurate representation of thermodynamic property data of multicomponent natural gas mixtures in the liquid state is presented. The mathematical approach of the GERG-2008 equation of state of Kunz and Wagner is adopted and new binary-specific functions for methane + n-butane, methane + isobutane, methane + n-pentane, and methane + isopentane are developed. The representation of all experimental data available in the literature for the corresponding binary systems is carefully analyzed so that these functions can also be applied at fluid states beyond the liquefied natural gas (LNG) region. The EOS-LNG represents all available binary and multicomponent data in the LNG region within their specified experimental uncertainty, which is significantly more accurate than the GERG-2008 model. The main focus was given to the representation of new density data measured b...","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5093800","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45531616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viscosity of Typical Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids: A Critical Review","authors":"Siqi Jiang, Yufeng Hu, Yichuang Wang, Xiaofeng Wang","doi":"10.1063/1.5090486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5090486","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental data on viscosity of typical ionic liquids in the liquid state were compiled and critically evaluated. The compilation contains data for 268 ionic liquids from 215 literature references and covers the period from 1998 through the end of December 2018. Equations for corrections of influences of contamination water and residual Cl− on viscosities of a series of typical ionic liquids are established. The influences of experimental methodology and the impurities (i.e., contamination water and residual halide ions) of the samples used on the reported viscosities of these typical ionic liquids are critically evaluated or quantitatively corrected, and the viscosities for these “pure” ionic liquids are recommended. The parameters of the Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann equation for temperature dependence of the recommended viscosities of these ionic liquids were reported. The effects of ionic structures on the viscosity of ionic liquids are presented.Experimental data on viscosity of typical ionic liquids in the liquid state were compiled and critically evaluated. The compilation contains data for 268 ionic liquids from 215 literature references and covers the period from 1998 through the end of December 2018. Equations for corrections of influences of contamination water and residual Cl− on viscosities of a series of typical ionic liquids are established. The influences of experimental methodology and the impurities (i.e., contamination water and residual halide ions) of the samples used on the reported viscosities of these typical ionic liquids are critically evaluated or quantitatively corrected, and the viscosities for these “pure” ionic liquids are recommended. The parameters of the Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann equation for temperature dependence of the recommended viscosities of these ionic liquids were reported. The effects of ionic structures on the viscosity of ionic liquids are presented.","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5090486","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43023327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MARVEL Analysis of the Measured High-Resolution Rovibronic Spectra and Definitive Ideal-Gas Thermochemistry of the 16O2 Molecule","authors":"T. Furtenbacher, Mátyás Horváth, D. Koller, Panna Sólyom, Anna Balogh, I. Balogh, A. Császár","doi":"10.1063/1.5083135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5083135","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate, empirical rovibronic energy levels, with associated uncertainties, are determined for the lowest seven electronic states of the 16O2 molecule using the MARVEL (Measured Active Rotational-Vibrational Energy Levels) algorithm. After careful analysis and validation of 30 671 rovibronic transitions (including 24 376 measured and 6295 artificial transitions), collected from 91 publications, 4279 empirical rovibronic energy levels are determined. The highly accurate empirical (MARVEL) energy database is then augmented with rovibronic energies obtained from accurate effective Hamiltonians for the lowest six electronic states, establishing a hybrid database containing 15 946 rovibronic energy levels. Based on this hybrid database, complete up to the first dissociation limit, 41 260 cm−1, an accurate temperature-dependent ideal-gas partition function, Qint(T), and some related thermochemical functions [isobaric heat capacity, Cpo(T), entropy, So(T), and (absolute) enthalpy, Ho(T)] are derived for 16O2 employing the direct-summation technique. All thermochemical functions are reported, in 1 K increments up to 5000 K, in the supplementary material to this paper.Accurate, empirical rovibronic energy levels, with associated uncertainties, are determined for the lowest seven electronic states of the 16O2 molecule using the MARVEL (Measured Active Rotational-Vibrational Energy Levels) algorithm. After careful analysis and validation of 30 671 rovibronic transitions (including 24 376 measured and 6295 artificial transitions), collected from 91 publications, 4279 empirical rovibronic energy levels are determined. The highly accurate empirical (MARVEL) energy database is then augmented with rovibronic energies obtained from accurate effective Hamiltonians for the lowest six electronic states, establishing a hybrid database containing 15 946 rovibronic energy levels. Based on this hybrid database, complete up to the first dissociation limit, 41 260 cm−1, an accurate temperature-dependent ideal-gas partition function, Qint(T), and some related thermochemical functions [isobaric heat capacity, Cpo(T), entropy, So(T), and (absolute) enthalpy, Ho(T)] are derived for 16O2 em...","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2019-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5083135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45922733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(Slight) Expansion in Scope for JPCRD","authors":"A. Harvey, Donald R Burgess","doi":"10.1063/1.5090506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5090506","url":null,"abstract":"The Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data (JPCRD) has historically limited its scope to critical evaluations of existing data in a field, producing recommendations for the best available physical and chemical property data, preferably withuncertainty analysis. In early 2018, the scopewas expanded to include Review Articles, which might describe and document a reference database, review the data situation in a particular field, provide an overview of a series of JPCRD articles, review reference-quality measurement techniques, or review data evaluation methods. JPCRD has excluded from its scope original experimental or theoretical work, such as that found in the primary research literature; the only exception is when the experimental or theoretical results are needed to fill a “gap” in the input data for a paper whose fundamental purpose is producing critically evaluated correlations or recommended data. We are now expanding this scope slightly. While most experimental measurements and theory will still be out of scope, we will publish experimental or theoretical work if—in the judgment of the Editors—it provides definitive “reference data.” By this, we mean data that are clearly the most accurate possible (with small and well-documented uncertainties) and that provide a state-of-the-art standard that is expected to last for many years. Especially welcome are data that can serve as a reference for purposes outside their immediate context, such as calibration of instruments. Examples of past work that could fit in this category include the experiments that established the 0.01 K difference between the ice point and the triple point of water (thus setting 273.15 K as the zero of theCelsius scale), the careful determination of the absolute viscosity of liquid water that has served as a calibration standard for decades, the accurate absolute determination of the dipole moment of the OCS molecule that is a reference for spectroscopic determination of dipolemoments,measurements or calculations that establish the energies of key molecules or ions with subchemical accuracy for use in a thermochemical network to provide self-consistent energies for related compounds, and the ab initio computation of low-density thermophysical properties of helium for use in calibrations and metrology. As always, authorswith questions about the suitability of an article for JPCRD are encouraged to contact either of the Editors.","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2019-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5090506","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46362636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integral Cross Sections for Electron–Magnesium Scattering Over a Broad Energy Range (0–5000 eV)","authors":"R. McEachran, F. Blanco, G. García, P. Stokes, R. White, M. Brunger","doi":"10.1063/1.5081132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5081132","url":null,"abstract":"We report the results from the application of our optical potential and relativistic optical potential (ROP) methods to electron–magnesium scattering. The energy range of this study was 0–5000 eV, with the results for the integral elastic cross sections, summed discrete electronic-state excitation integral cross sections, momentum transfer cross sections, and total ionisation cross sections being reported. Where possible, we compare the present results to the available experimental data and to the earlier results from close coupling and R-matrix type computations. Typically, a quite fair level of accord is found between our ROP calculations and the earlier theoretical and experimental cross sections. Additionally, from the assembled database, we provide for the modeling community some recommended cross section sets for use in their simulations, in which magnesium is a constituent. Electron transport coefficients are subsequently calculated for reduced electric fields ranging from 0.1 to 1000 Td using a multi-term solution of Boltzmann’s equation. Substantial differences in the transport coefficients between the ROP calculations and the recommended cross sections are observed over the range of fields considered, clearly illustrating the importance of the veracity of the database in the simulations.We report the results from the application of our optical potential and relativistic optical potential (ROP) methods to electron–magnesium scattering. The energy range of this study was 0–5000 eV, with the results for the integral elastic cross sections, summed discrete electronic-state excitation integral cross sections, momentum transfer cross sections, and total ionisation cross sections being reported. Where possible, we compare the present results to the available experimental data and to the earlier results from close coupling and R-matrix type computations. Typically, a quite fair level of accord is found between our ROP calculations and the earlier theoretical and experimental cross sections. Additionally, from the assembled database, we provide for the modeling community some recommended cross section sets for use in their simulations, in which magnesium is a constituent. Electron transport coefficients are subsequently calculated for reduced electric fields ranging from 0.1 to 1000 Td using a mu...","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5081132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41634083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Formulation for the Viscosity of Isobutane","authors":"S. Herrmann, E. Vogel","doi":"10.1063/1.5057413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5057413","url":null,"abstract":"Thermophysical property data of high standard are urgently requested for industrially important fluids to design more accurately compressors, gas turbines, and gas pipelines as well as cooling cycles and chemical processes. Transport properties, generally and particularly in the region near the critical point, are not known with sufficient accuracy, if compared with thermodynamic properties. For isobutane, the current NIST standard data base REFPROP 9.1 of Lemmon et al. (2013) recommends the viscosity correlation of Vogel et al. (2000) characterized by uncertainties of (3-4)% in its range of validity. This correlation was predicated on an outdated equation of state (EoS) of Younglove and Ely (1987), whereas REFPROP 9.1 recommends the reference EoS of Bücker and Wagner (2006) for the thermodynamic properties of isobutane.","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5057413","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49667710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Reference Equation of State for Heavy Water","authors":"S. Herrig, M. Thol, A. Harvey, E. Lemmon","doi":"10.1063/1.5053993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5053993","url":null,"abstract":"An empirical fundamental equation of state (EOS) is presented for fluid heavy water (deuterium oxide, D2O). The equation is explicit in the reduced Helmholtz energy and allows the calculation of all thermodynamic properties over the whole fluid surface. It is valid from the melting-pressure curve up to a temperature of 825 K at pressures up to 1200 MPa. Overall, the formulation represents the most accurate measured values and almost all other available data within their experimental uncertainty. In the homogeneous liquid and vapor phase, the expanded relative uncertainties of densities calculated from the EOS are mostly 0.1% or less; liquid-phase densities at atmospheric pressure can be calculated with an uncertainty of 0.01%. The speed of sound in the liquid phase is described with a maximum uncertainty of 0.1%; the most accurate experimental sound speeds are represented within their uncertainties ranging from 0.015% to 0.02%. In a large part of the liquid region, the isobaric heat capacity is represented with an uncertainty of 1%. The uncertainty in vapor pressure is mostly within 0.05%. In the critical region, the uncertainties of calculated properties are in most cases higher than the values above, but the EOS enables a reasonable description of this region. The equation matches available data for the metastable subcooled liquid, and it extrapolates in a qualitatively correct way to extreme values of temperature and pressure. This formulation is the result of an effort to establish a new standard for the thermodynamic properties of heavy water by the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam.An empirical fundamental equation of state (EOS) is presented for fluid heavy water (deuterium oxide, D2O). The equation is explicit in the reduced Helmholtz energy and allows the calculation of all thermodynamic properties over the whole fluid surface. It is valid from the melting-pressure curve up to a temperature of 825 K at pressures up to 1200 MPa. Overall, the formulation represents the most accurate measured values and almost all other available data within their experimental uncertainty. In the homogeneous liquid and vapor phase, the expanded relative uncertainties of densities calculated from the EOS are mostly 0.1% or less; liquid-phase densities at atmospheric pressure can be calculated with an uncertainty of 0.01%. The speed of sound in the liquid phase is described with a maximum uncertainty of 0.1%; the most accurate experimental sound speeds are represented within their uncertainties ranging from 0.015% to 0.02%. In a large part of the liquid region, the isobaric heat capacity is represente...","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5053993","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49647145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: “Fundamental Equation of State for Deuterium” [J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 43, 013103 (2014)]","authors":"I. Richardson, J. Leachman, E. Lemmon","doi":"10.1063/1.5016519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5016519","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2018-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5016519","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46353798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Relativistic Complex Optical Potential Calculation for Electron–Beryllium Scattering: Recommended Cross Sections","authors":"R. McEachran, Francisco J. Blanco, G. García, M. Brunger","doi":"10.1063/1.5047139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5047139","url":null,"abstract":"We report results from the application of the relativistic complex optical potential (ROP) method to electron–beryllium scattering. The energy range of this study was 0–5000 eV, with the results for the integral elastic cross sections, momentum transfer cross sections, summed discrete electronic-state excitation integral cross sections, and total ionisation cross sections (TICSs) being reported. However we will largely focus our discussion here on the TICS, due to its importance in simulating the plasma action on beryllium (Be) in the international thermonuclear reactor. The current level of agreement between the various theoretical approaches to calculating the TICS is well summarised in the work of Maihom et al. [Eur. Phys. J. D 67, 2 (2013)] and Blanco et al. [Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 26, 085004 (2017)], with the level of accord between them being quite marginal. As a consequence, we revisit this problem with improved scattering potentials over those employed in the work of Blanco et al. In addition, we present results from an application of the binary-encounter-Bethe theory for the electron–Be TICS. We find a quite significant improvement in the level of agreement between the TICS from our new ROP calculation and the earlier B-spline R-matrix and convergent close coupling results [O. Zatsarinny et al., J. Phys. B: At., Mol. Opt. Phys. 49, 235701 (2016)], compared to that reported in the work of Blanco et al. As a result of this improved level of accord, we propose here a recommended TICS for e+Be scattering, as well as for the elastic integral and summed electronic-state excitation cross sections, which also incorporates uncertainty estimates for their validity.We report results from the application of the relativistic complex optical potential (ROP) method to electron–beryllium scattering. The energy range of this study was 0–5000 eV, with the results for the integral elastic cross sections, momentum transfer cross sections, summed discrete electronic-state excitation integral cross sections, and total ionisation cross sections (TICSs) being reported. However we will largely focus our discussion here on the TICS, due to its importance in simulating the plasma action on beryllium (Be) in the international thermonuclear reactor. The current level of agreement between the various theoretical approaches to calculating the TICS is well summarised in the work of Maihom et al. [Eur. Phys. J. D 67, 2 (2013)] and Blanco et al. [Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 26, 085004 (2017)], with the level of accord between them being quite marginal. As a consequence, we revi...","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5047139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48010032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}