{"title":"The Gatekeeper Gap: Searching for Solutions to the UK’s Ongoing Gender Imbalance in Music Creation","authors":"E. Hooper","doi":"10.5040/9781501345531.CH-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501345531.CH-010","url":null,"abstract":"With over 95,000 composers and songwriter members, the Performing Rights Society (PRS) is the organisation that ensures that professional composers and songwriters in the UK are compensated for the use of their work. In 1994 ten percent of PRS earning members were female (PRS, 2017b). In 2015, 22 years later, that number was only marginally higher, at fourteen percent (PRS, 2017b). These statistics represent a genre-spanning picture of the overall UK music-maker industry, and are seemingly strong indicators of a particular gendered imbalance in terms of music creation within the larger scope of UK music industries, one that, despite a sharp rise in awareness, targeted organizations, and initiative funding, is improving at a very minimally significant rate, if at all. This paper almagamates new data produced through partnerships with the PRS, The World is Listening (women in music organization), UK festivals, and dozens of interviews along with numerous secondary sources to cross-check demographic and economic details in an effort to shed light on the potential cause(s) of this ongoing imbalance in the face of notable social effort. It is concluded that, while female-focused initiatives such as the Women Make Music fund or Sweden’s new all-female festival do succeed in drawing in and up-skilling female music-makers, there is significant potential for impact at the gate-keeper level, specifically in breaking through ‘boys’ club’ networking patterns. “We need to stop thinking that women are automatically supportive of other women, and openly discuss how male directors and male heads of arts organisations can own opportunities to enact feminism.” (PRS, 2017a: 13) \u0000 \u0000 \u0000A mere 14% of professional composers and songwriters in the UK are female ((PRS, 2017b). This paper almagamates new data produced through partnerships with the Performing Rights Society (PRS), The World is Listening (women in music organization), UK festivals, and dozens of interviews along with numerous secondary sources to cross-check demographic and economic details in an effort to shed light on the potential cause(s) of this ongoing imbalance in the face of notable social effort. It is concluded that, while female-focused initiatives such as the Women Make Music fund or Sweden’s new all-female festival do succeed in drawing in and up-skilling female music-makers, there is significant potential for impact at the gate-keeper level, specifically in breaking through ‘boys’ club’ networking patterns. “We need to stop thinking that women are automatically supportive of other women, and openly discuss how male directors and male heads of arts organisations can own opportunities to enact feminism.” (PRS, 2017a: 13)","PeriodicalId":167740,"journal":{"name":"Towards Gender Equality in the Music Industry","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125315034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Engineering a Place for Women: Gendered Experiences of the Music Technology Classroom","authors":"E. Hopkins, Pauwke Berkers","doi":"10.5040/9781501345531.ch-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501345531.ch-004","url":null,"abstract":"Submitted manuscript of: Hopkins, Emma & Pauwke Berkers. 2019. Engineering a place for women: Gendered experiences of the music technology classroom. In: Sarah Raine & Catherine Strong (eds.).Towards gender equality in the music industry: Education, practice and strategies for change. New York: Bloomsbury, 45-58. https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/towards-gender-equality-in-the-music-industry-9781501345500/","PeriodicalId":167740,"journal":{"name":"Towards Gender Equality in the Music Industry","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128783056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gender and Popular Music Education in North America: We Need to Talk","authors":"R. Wright","doi":"10.5040/9781501345531.ch-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501345531.ch-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":167740,"journal":{"name":"Towards Gender Equality in the Music Industry","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125046654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Queer(ing) Music Production: Queer Women’s Experiences of Australian Punk Scenes","authors":"M. Sharp","doi":"10.5040/9781501345531.ch-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501345531.ch-015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":167740,"journal":{"name":"Towards Gender Equality in the Music Industry","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114906262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparing for the ‘Real World’? Exploring Gender Issues in the Music Industry and the Role of Vocational Popular Music Higher Education","authors":"H. E. Davies","doi":"10.5040/9781501345531.ch-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501345531.ch-003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":167740,"journal":{"name":"Towards Gender Equality in the Music Industry","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134519938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Queer Noise: Sounding the Body of Historical Trauma","authors":"S. Galloway, J. Sannicandro","doi":"10.5040/9781501345531.ch-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501345531.ch-011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":167740,"journal":{"name":"Towards Gender Equality in the Music Industry","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122669718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"South-West England Open Mics: Gender Politics and Pints?","authors":"Sharon Martin","doi":"10.5040/9781501345531.ch-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501345531.ch-008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":167740,"journal":{"name":"Towards Gender Equality in the Music Industry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130407703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Keychanges at Cheltenham Jazz Festival: Issues of Gender in the UK Jazz Scene","authors":"S. Raine","doi":"10.5040/9781501345531.ch-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501345531.ch-014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":167740,"journal":{"name":"Towards Gender Equality in the Music Industry","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124102210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘There’s No Money in Record Deals and I’m Not Looking to Be Taken Advantage Of’: Princess Nokia and Urban Feminism in a New Era of Hip-Hop","authors":"Hodan Omar Elmi","doi":"10.5040/9781501345531.ch-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501345531.ch-012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":167740,"journal":{"name":"Towards Gender Equality in the Music Industry","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128211718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Setting the Stage for Sexual Assault: The Dynamics of Gender, Culture, Space and Sexual Violence at Live Music Events","authors":"B. Fileborn, Ashleigh Barnes","doi":"10.5040/9781501345531.ch-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501345531.ch-007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":167740,"journal":{"name":"Towards Gender Equality in the Music Industry","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115513720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}