Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics最新文献_第10页

Is a Glucocorticoid Antagonist a Potential Treatment Alternative for Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain? 糖皮质激素拮抗剂是抗精神病药物引起的体重增加的潜在治疗选择吗?

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Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpp.jpp_33_21

Wisam Al Jumaili, C. Trivedi, K. Shah, M. Adnan, Z. Mansuri, S. Jain

{"title":"Is a Glucocorticoid Antagonist a Potential Treatment Alternative for Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain?","authors":"Wisam Al Jumaili, C. Trivedi, K. Shah, M. Adnan, Z. Mansuri, S. Jain","doi":"10.4103/jpp.jpp_33_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpp.jpp_33_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mifepristone as a new treatment modality for antipsychotic-induced weight gain. Methods: We searched databases up to March 2021, for the published English-language literature including a Medical Subject Heading “Mifepristone,” “Receptors, Glucocorticoid,” “Weight gain,” “Overweight,” “Obesity,” “Body Weight Change,” “Antipsychotics Agents,” “Glucocorticoid Receptor Blocker,” “Glucocorticoid Receptor antagonist.” We identified two clinical and four preclinical studies utilizing mifepristone as a treatment modality. Results: The results of the olanzapine clinical trial showed that mean increase in weight from baseline to day 14 was greater in the olanzapine with the placebo group (3.2 ± 0.9 kg) than the olanzapine with mifepristone group (2.0 ± 1.2 kg) and the mifepristone with placebo (2.0 ± 0.7 kg), and a similar effect was observed in the risperidone with mifepristone clinical trial. Conclusions: Mifepristone shows potential in the management of AIWG. Glucocorticoid antagonists can be a viable alternative to curb this side effect. Large-scale clinical studies are warranted to determine the medication's safety and efficacy based on this mechanism of action.","PeriodicalId":16761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48308076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Career Vistas for Indian Medical Pharmacologists: A Comprehensive Review 印度医学药理学家的职业前景:全面回顾

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Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpp.jpp_37_21

A. Arivazhahan, G. Raj, Deepthi Puttur, S. Atal, M. George, L. Bairy

引用次数: 1

Monday Blues - Rare Cause of Hypoglycemia in a Child with Leukemia 周一忧郁-白血病儿童低血糖的罕见原因

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Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpp.jpp_57_21

Gowshika Krishnakumar, Dhaarani Jayaraman, D. Jeevarathnam, P. Kommu, J. Scott

引用次数: 0

Effect of Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin on the Glycemic Control in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparative, Randomized, Double-Blind Study 阿托伐他汀和瑞舒伐他汀对2型糖尿病患者血糖控制的影响:一项比较、随机、双盲研究

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Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpp.jpp_8_21

M. Mahatme, M. Bargade, Sachin K. Hiware, M. Motlag

{"title":"Effect of Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin on the Glycemic Control in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparative, Randomized, Double-Blind Study","authors":"M. Mahatme, M. Bargade, Sachin K. Hiware, M. Motlag","doi":"10.4103/jpp.jpp_8_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpp.jpp_8_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To compare the effects of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with dyslipidemia. Materials and Methods: Eighty patients with history of T2DM of more than 3 months duration, glycated hemoglobin <7%, dyslipidemia, and normal electrocardiogram were included in the randomized double-blind trial. The patients received either tablet atorvastatin 20 mg or rosuvastatin 10 mg once a day along with metformin and glimepiride twice daily orally. Patients were evaluated by the change in estimated average glucose (eAG), lipid profile, and incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Results: Rise in fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar, and eAG were significant in the atorvastatin group as compared to the rosuvastatin group where there was a significant increase only in FBS levels. Changes in lipid parameters and incidence of ADR were similar in both the groups. Conclusion: Rosuvastatin can be preferred to atorvastatin in T2DM with dyslipidemia due to less variation in the blood sugar parameters, effective control over lipid profile, pleiotropic effects, and less microsomal interactions.","PeriodicalId":16761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42821204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Survival Case of Premature Infant with Hepatoblastoma (Fetal Pattern) along with Other Serious Comorbidities and Surgical Interventions 早产儿肝母细胞瘤(胎儿型)伴其他严重合并症及手术干预存活1例

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Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpp.JPP_146_20

Mohammed Fardan, A. Shiva, Aswathy M. Shaji, K. Yadav

{"title":"A Survival Case of Premature Infant with Hepatoblastoma (Fetal Pattern) along with Other Serious Comorbidities and Surgical Interventions","authors":"Mohammed Fardan, A. Shiva, Aswathy M. Shaji, K. Yadav","doi":"10.4103/jpp.JPP_146_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpp.JPP_146_20","url":null,"abstract":"An estimated ratio (i.e., 1 in 10) babies are born too early every year. Roughly 1 million children die each year due to impediments raised pertaining to preterm birth. One such extreme preterm male baby was presented in the neonatal care unit with respiratory distress and grunting. Baby was confirmed to have ventricular septal defect along with patent ductus arteriosus and craniosynostosis which was treated with medications and surgical managements. He was also engaged with various prophylactic and empirical antibiotic therapies to cover the microbial growth. The most disturbing stage here was the appearance of liver mass sizing 5.8 cm × 1.3 cm accompanied with area of necrosis, diagnosed with hepatoblastoma which was evident with the aid of ultrasound. Hence, chemotherapy was commenced which was in accordance with Societe Internationale d Oncologie Pediatrique Epithelial Liver Tumor Study Group-3. Although the existing comorbidities haunted the baby for a long time, he finally made it successfully to get into track by fighting all the hurdles bravely, which was a sheer miracle. Along with the clinicians/surgeons, we Clinical Pharmacists worked hand in hand to ensure the baby to be receiving optimized drug regimen keeping in mind the risk-benefit ratio.","PeriodicalId":16761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41723607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fostemsavir, a Drug with Novel Mechanism for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infection 一种治疗HIV-1感染的新机制药物Fostemsavir

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Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpp.jpp_19_21

R. Priyadharsini, C. Divyashanthi, D. Elango

{"title":"Fostemsavir, a Drug with Novel Mechanism for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infection","authors":"R. Priyadharsini, C. Divyashanthi, D. Elango","doi":"10.4103/jpp.jpp_19_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpp.jpp_19_21","url":null,"abstract":"HIV is a global problem with increased mortality and morbidity. The highly active antiretroviral therapy is effective in reducing the HIV RNA and improving the immune response. The drugs in the current regimen have certain disadvantages such as adverse effects, drug intolerance, and drug resistance. Since there is a demand for identifying the drugs with new mechanism of action, the compounds which target the viral gp120 receptor were screened and the most suitable drug among them was identified. In a Phase II and Phase III trial, the drug BMS-663068 fostemsavir was found to be efficacious in reducing the viral RNA levels. The drug is a prodrug that gets converted into metabolite temsavir BMS-626529. The preferred dose is 600 mg orally 12 hourly in patients who had undergone many treatment schedules with multidrug-resistant infection and those who cannot tolerate the drug regimen due to resistance and safety issues. The drug is metabolized by CYP3A4 and has drug interactions with CYP3A4 inducers and inhibitors. This review mainly comprises the mechanism of action, clinical trials, pharmacological properties, and adverse effects of the drug fostemsavir.","PeriodicalId":16761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45274350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Recent Prescription Pattern in Cornea Clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Developing Country's Perspective 某三级医院角膜门诊近期处方模式评价:发展中国家视角

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Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpp.JPP_34_21

Niraj Niraj, N. Shafiq, C. Mothsara, G. Garg, Amit Gupta, S. Malhotra

{"title":"Evaluation of Recent Prescription Pattern in Cornea Clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Developing Country's Perspective","authors":"Niraj Niraj, N. Shafiq, C. Mothsara, G. Garg, Amit Gupta, S. Malhotra","doi":"10.4103/jpp.JPP_34_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpp.JPP_34_21","url":null,"abstract":"Drug utilization studies offer an excellent platform to ascertain the role of drugs because the periodic monitoring of prescribing pattern helps in advancement of rational use of drugs. The aim of drug utilization research is to encourage the rational use of drugs by analyzing the drug use pattern, generating early signs of irrational drug use, and suggesting intervention to improved drug usage. In recent times, drug utilization research is an essential part of pharmacoepidemiology because it describes the extent, nature, and determinants of drug exposure.[1] The WHO defined drug utilization research as “the marketing, distribution, prescription, and use of drugs in a society, with special emphasis on the resulting medical, social and economic consequences.”[2] A wide spectrum of diseases come under the term corneal disorders including blepharitis, meibomitis, dryness in eyes, and corneal ulcers, and hence, various therapeutic agents including antibacterial, antifungals, antivirals, steroids, and antiallergic are used in the management of corneal disorders.[3] Wide variability in the prescribing trends of drugs, variable adverse event profiles among different brands of the same drug, and the ever-increasing prices of drugs are some prime examples of the need for such drug utilization studies. The plethora of literature is available for the utilization patterns of systemically used drugs, while the literature for topical drugs is patchy at best. Since the topical drugs are of prime usage in eye-related diseases, the studies of such importance will help identify the rationale of topical drugs and, hence, helps in promoting better drug usage when minimizing the occurrence of untoward adverse effects.[4] Therefore, the present study evaluated the prescribing pattern practices in the cornea clinic of a tertiary care hospital.","PeriodicalId":16761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44336264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correlation between Breakthrough Seizures and Serum Level of Phenytoin and Valproate in Indian Patients 印度患者突破性癫痫发作与血清苯妥英钠和丙戊酸钠水平的相关性

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Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpp.jpp_3_21

N. Katoch, A. Bhardwaj, Kapil Suchal, Sangeeta Sharma

{"title":"Correlation between Breakthrough Seizures and Serum Level of Phenytoin and Valproate in Indian Patients","authors":"N. Katoch, A. Bhardwaj, Kapil Suchal, Sangeeta Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jpp.jpp_3_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpp.jpp_3_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the optimum range of phenytoin (PHT) and valproate (VAP) levels and find out the critical drug levels below which chances of breakthrough seizures increase in North Indian population. Methodology: A cross-sectional, case-controlled, record-based study was conducted in a quaternary care hospital from September 2018–2019. The case group comprised epilepsy patients on monotherapy with PHT/VAP presenting with breakthrough seizures after at least 6 months of seizure control. Noncompliant, overdose, toxicity, no or partial response, any other psychiatric or neurological disorder, adverse effects, and patients taking two or more antiepileptic drugs were excluded. Results: Data of 100 patients in each group were analyzed. Significantly lower mean levels in cases were observed in PHT (5.74 ± 3.68 mg/L vs. 13.75 ± 4.27 mg/L control) and VAP (24.13 ± 27.39 mg/L vs. 76.37 ± 17.71 mg/L control). A negative correlation of drug levels was observed with age and weight in both the groups. The level/dose ratio in controls (0.05 ± 0.03; 0.09 ± 0.06) was significantly (P < 0.0001) higher than cases (0.02 ± 0.01; 0.02 ± 0.03) in PHT and VAP, respectively. Conclusions: This study identifies the critical levels and level/dose ratio at which the risk of breakthrough seizures increases. A wide level/dose ratio was found in controls, more so in the VAP group. A prospective study with larger group size along with genetic studies should be done to evaluate further.","PeriodicalId":16761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46545128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Prescribing Trends in Chronic Renal Failure in the Indian Population 印度人群慢性肾衰竭的患病率、危险因素和处方趋势

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Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpp.JPP_149_20

J. Suthar, Rutvi Patel, S. Desai

{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Prescribing Trends in Chronic Renal Failure in the Indian Population","authors":"J. Suthar, Rutvi Patel, S. Desai","doi":"10.4103/jpp.JPP_149_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpp.JPP_149_20","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To estimate the prevalence of Chronic renal failure (CRF) in the Indian subcontinent and to identify risk factors and treatment regimens for CRF. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out for 7 months. A total of 200 patients with a level of creatinine >1.5 mg/dl were enrolled. CRF prevalence was measured using the hospital's inpatient department registry and medical records. The risk factors and prescribing were evaluated from the patient file report. Results: The prevalence rate of CRF was 13.7%. Male patients (59%) dominate the entire group of patients. Most patients (n = 52) were found between the age group of 71–80 years with a mean age of 62.67 ± 16.33 years. Drugs such as diuretics, and hypoglycemics were indicated to treat comorbidities. The average number of drugs per prescription were 7.43 ± 2.75 with high use of antimicrobial agents (88%). Out of 156 drugs prescribed, 76 were from essential as per essential Drug List 2017. Hypertension (P = 0.0072) and diabetes (P = 0.0084) were major concerns as risk factors followed by the drugs used for dyslipidemia, and recurrent infections. Conclusion: The prevalence rate was found to be 13.7% with significant association with risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, dyslipidemia, chronic infections, smoking, and renal calculus for CRF. The pattern of prescribing was suitable and with few irrationalities.","PeriodicalId":16761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44603761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Oral Cannabis Consumption on Health: A Cross-sectional Study 口服大麻消费对健康的影响：一项横断面研究

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Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpp.JPP_143_20

S. Ambwani, Rimplejeet Kaur

引用次数: 1