Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Survey of medication history of patients with stroke after discharge from an acute hospital ward: a case series study.","authors":"Yuko Fukuda, Risa Ito, Misaki Kakihana, Tsutomu Takahashi, Tetsuji Kanemoto, Toshiyuki Sahara, Masahiko Tsujikawa, Mitsuko Onda","doi":"10.1186/s40780-025-00415-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40780-025-00415-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stroke is a leading cause of death, reducing disability-free life expectancy. After acute treatment, patients require rehabilitation to prevent recurrence. Continued use of medication is crucial for recurrence prevention and risk management, even after the transition from acute-care institutions to other medical institutions. Although \"discharge summaries on medications\" are shared between hospitals and community pharmacists, no reports have addressed medication continuity for patients with stroke transferred to other institutions after discharge. This study aimed to clarify medication continuity, particularly for medications adjusted during hospitalization that should be continued even after discharge, by investigating the medication use histories of patients with stroke transferred from acute care hospitals to outpatient hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled patients who were discharged from an acute ward between June 11, 2022, and March 31, 2023, after receiving inpatient care at the Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Hoshigaoka Medical Center for acute stroke, and transferred to other outpatient hospitals. This study was conducted between June 2022 and April 2023. We extracted and assessed prescription continuity and carefully examined clinically relevant discrepancies after comparing the discharge prescription with that at the first outpatient visit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 42 patients enrolled, seven (16.7%) had one or more discrepancies involving 13 medications. Based on the medicinal efficacy classification, four patients treated with other blood and body fluids-related agents (antiplatelet drugs), three patients treated with agents for hyperlipidemia (statins), two patients with agents for peptic ulcers, two patients with vasodilators, one patient treated with antihypertensives, and one patient with other agents affecting digestive organs (antiemetic agents that acts on the central nervous system) had discrepancies. Furthermore, discrepancies in medication discontinuation or reduction recommended by a stroke specialist, which may increase the risk of stroke recurrence, were identified in five patients (seven drugs: four antiplatelet drugs and three statins). Of 13 discrepancies, community pharmacists inquired about 3 cases with physicians, none were approved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The medication to prevent stroke recurrence might not be continued after transit to another outpatient after discharge. Reconsidering patient information sharing between hospital and community pharmacists and establishing a more strengthened sharing system is necessary to achieve seamless pharmacotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the total anticholinergic load of reported anticholinergic drug-related adverse events using the Japanese adverse drug event report database: a retrospective pharmacovigilance study.","authors":"Yusuke Kan, Maki Doi, Yoshihiro Uesawa","doi":"10.1186/s40780-025-00413-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40780-025-00413-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Anticholinergic Risk Scale and Total Anticholinergic Load were developed to assess the risks associated with anticholinergic drugs. Recently, the Japan Anticholinergic Risk Scale was introduced; however, the total anticholinergic load for adverse events has not been clarified, and the criteria for risk assessment in clinical practice have not been established. In this study, we used data from the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database provided by the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency to determine the total anticholinergic load associated with reported adverse events related to anticholinergic syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using JADER data from April 2004 to September 2023, we investigated the association between drugs included in the J-ARS and adverse events related to anticholinergic syndrome. In addition, we calculated the total anticholinergic load for each case involving a drug recorded in the JADER database and compared it with other adverse events associated with anticholinergic effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the JADER data, we observed an association between anticholinergic syndrome-related adverse events and the drugs listed in the J-ARS, confirming the feasibility of calculating the total anticholinergic drug burden for each case. In the group reporting anticholinergic syndrome-related adverse events, the mean ± standard deviation of the total anticholinergic load was 4.20 ± 3.09.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mean total anticholinergic load of anticholinergic syndrome-related adverse events obtained from the JADER database in this study supports the development of a comprehensive risk assessment of anticholinergic drugs in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of discontinuation of cephazolin prophylaxis on the incidence of postoperative adverse events in cataract surgery.","authors":"Kazutaka Uchida, Keita Takahama, Kenshiro Higashi, Yuki Kusano, Koki Matsumoto, Yoshihiro Nakagawa, Kazutaka Oda","doi":"10.1186/s40780-025-00412-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40780-025-00412-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cataract surgeries are increasing annually, making appropriate medical management essential. The routine use of systemic antimicrobial agents for preventing surgical site infections lacks strong evidence and may increase the risk of drug-resistant bacteria and adverse events. This study examined the impact of discontinuing cefazolin (CEZ) administration during the perioperative period of cataract surgery on the incidence of postoperative adverse events and medical costs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Inpatient cataract surgery patients were divided into two groups: the CEZ-use group (April 2021 to March 2022) and the non-CEZ-use group (April 2022 to March 2023). The primary endpoints were the incidence of adverse events and medical costs, while the secondary endpoint was the incidence of endophthalmitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 265 patients were in the CEZ group, and 316 were in the non-CEZ group. Six postoperative adverse events (2.3%, 95% confidence interval: 0.8-4.9) occurred in the CEZ group, with an estimated 230 patients (80-490 from the 95% confidence interval) expected to experience adverse events per 10,000 patients using CEZ. The non-CEZ group had no adverse events and reduced drug costs by approximately 46,000 yen. Insurance claim amounts were also reduced. No cases of early postoperative endophthalmitis were observed in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Discontinuation of CEZ prophylaxis during the perioperative period of cataract surgery effectively reduced the risk of adverse events. Medical for the period after discontinuing CEZ did not increase.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Retrospectively registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":16730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hospital formulary intervention on carbapenem use: a segmented time-series analysis of consumption and a propensity score-matched non-inferiority study of treatment efficacy.","authors":"Nakaba Okamura, Ayano Katagiri, Tomoya Komori, Kei Kawanabe, Hirofumi Koike, Yukiko Sahashi, Rie Kubota","doi":"10.1186/s40780-025-00409-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40780-025-00409-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pharmaceutical formularies play a crucial role in guiding medication use by balancing clinical effectiveness and cost efficiency. Although formulary implementation has been increasing in Japan, comprehensive evaluations of its impact on both clinical and economic outcomes are limited. This study aimed to assess the effect of introducing an antimicrobial formulary at Yokohama City University Hospital on antibiotic usage and treatment outcomes in intra-abdominal infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a segmented time-series analysis to evaluate changes in carbapenem usage, including doripenem, before and after formulary implementation in October 2018. Monthly antibiotic consumption was measured by antibiotic use density (AUD). The primary outcomes were changes in doripenem use and treatment efficacy for intra-abdominal infections. To assess treatment efficacy, we used non-inferiority analysis with propensity score matching based on age, sex, body mass index, cancer status, and baseline blood test results. The treatment outcomes were evaluated using predefined clinical indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following the formulary intervention, doripenem use significantly decreased from 10.8 to 4.9%, meropenem use slightly increased, and imipenem/cilastatin usage remained stable. Overall, carbapenem use significantly decreased during the study period. Treatment effectiveness for intra-abdominal infections remained non-inferior, with a higher proportion of patients classified as having an \"effective\" response post-intervention (86.6% vs. 79.4% pre-intervention). The confidence interval confirmed the non-inferiority margin, indicating no clinically significant reduction in treatment effectiveness following the formulary introduction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The introduction of an antibiotic formulary at Yokohama City University Hospital effectively reduced the use of doripenem without compromising the effectiveness of treatment of intra-abdominal infections. These findings suggest that formulary management can be a valuable strategy for optimizing antibiotic use while maintaining clinical outcomes and contributing to improved antimicrobial stewardship in healthcare settings. Further research is warranted to explore the broader implications of formulary implementation in Japanese healthcare practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":16730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11776234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis with thrombocytopenia induced by intravenous immunoglobulin: a case report and mini review.","authors":"Yoshihiro Nishita, Masatoshi Taga, Nozomi Arakawa, Tomoki Ishida, Sawako Ochiai, Hiroto Ono, Fumiaki Taga, Togen Masauji","doi":"10.1186/s40780-024-00405-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40780-024-00405-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), a severe cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction induced particularly by drugs, is diagnosed when there is a fever of ≥ 38 °C, mucocutaneous symptoms, a rash with multiple erythema, and skin peeling of ≥ 30% of the body surface area. The mortality rate of TEN is high, and thrombocytopenia during treatment can lead to severe outcomes. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is used when steroids are ineffective in TEN and may improve mortality; however, thrombocytopenia is a rare adverse event associated with IVIg use. We report the case of thrombocytopenia during IVIg therapy for TEN. We also reviewed previous reports to learn more about the clinical course and mechanism of IVIg-induced thrombocytopenia.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>An 83-year-old man with end-stage renal failure on hemodialysis was diagnosed with TEN. After an inadequate response to pulse methylprednisolone therapy, IVIg (400 mg/kg/day) was administered for 5 days. He developed thrombocytopenia after IVIg administration, leading to the diagnosis of thrombocytopenia due to IVIg after excluding other diseases. The platelet count began to increase approximately 10 days after IVIg administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>When IVIg is administered for TEN, the risk of thrombocytopenia should be recognized and the platelet count should be carefully monitored.</p>","PeriodicalId":16730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remdesivir-induced severe hypoglycemia in an elderly man without diabetes: a case report.","authors":"Yasunori Nagano, Hisae Aoki, Juri David, Naoko Iwahashi Kondo, Makimi Aizawa, Toshiyuki Sumita, Yuki Hamada, Yuki Yamamoto, Kaoru Yamada","doi":"10.1186/s40780-024-00406-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40780-024-00406-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Remdesivir is recommended to treat hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Remdesivir is known to affect glucose metabolism in individuals with and without diabetes. However, little is known about the possibility of hypoglycemia associated with remdesivir. Our case is the first report demonstrating the development of severe hypoglycemia following remdesivir treatment in an elderly man without diabetes.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 73-year-old man developed COVID-19 following surgery for sigmoid volvulus. The patient's medical history included surgery for posterior correction of scoliosis, Chiari malformation type I, and syringomyelia. There was no history of diabetes mellitus. The patient was started on remdesivir (200 mg on day 1, followed by 100 mg intravenously daily until day 9). On day 7, following remdesivir administration, the patient developed severe hypoglycemia with a blood glucose (BG) level of 25 mg/dL. On day 8 and 9 he repeatedly developed severe hypoglycemia following administration of remdesivir. Considering the timing of administration, the patient's hypoglycemia could have been caused by remdesivir. Therefore, his treatment with remdesivir was discontinued. After discontinuation, his BG levels normalized. The Naranjo algorithm, a tool for evaluating the causality of adverse drug reactions, classified the event as \"Probable\" (6 points).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Remdesivir may have caused hypoglycemia in this case. Health care professionals should be aware of its potential effects on glucose metabolism and the risk of hypoglycemia when treating patients with remdesivir.</p>","PeriodicalId":16730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with assertiveness among Japanese community pharmacists: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mitsuaki Ishii, Sachiko Ozone, Shoichi Masumoto, Tetsuhiro Maeno","doi":"10.1186/s40780-025-00410-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40780-025-00410-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community pharmacists play a crucial role in promoting medication safety within the community healthcare team. Effective communication by community pharmacists with other health professionals is essential to facilitate the sharing of patient healthcare information. In the context of information sharing between physicians and community pharmacists, assertive self-expression (defined as 'a style of openly expressing one's needs and feelings while respecting others') is beneficial. The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with assertive self-expression among community pharmacists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted by surveying 3,446 Japanese community pharmacists working at pharmacies across 10 prefectures. Participants were invited to complete a survey form by email and assessed for assertive self-expression using the Interprofessional Assertiveness Scale. Characteristics of participants and pharmacies were compared using univariate analysis. A generalized linear model was used to explore the factors associated with assertive self-expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 961 responses by community pharmacists were included in the analysis. Univariate analysis identified significant differences in assertive self-expression scores based on age, employment status, education, years of working experience as a pharmacist, pharmacist home visit service, and participation in joint regional workshops or conferences. After adjustment, participation in joint regional workshops or conferences was significantly associated with assertive self-expression (odds ratio, 1.037; 95% confidence interval, 1.005-1.070; p = 0.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that assertive self-expression among community pharmacists was associated with participation in joint regional workshops and conferences. Further research is needed to examine whether enhancing assertive self-expression facilitates pharmacists' interprofessional communication skills and improves medication safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":16730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-drug interaction between ensitrelvir and tacrolimus in a patient undergoing treatment for COVID-19: a case report.","authors":"Yuki Miyata, Ryo Yamaguchi, Takehito Yamamoto, Toshiyuki Kishida, Kazuhiko Ikeuchi, Hiroaki Harada, Takeya Tsutsumi, Keishi Fujio, Tappei Takada","doi":"10.1186/s40780-025-00411-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40780-025-00411-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ensitrelvir is a novel SARS-CoV-2 3-chymotrypsin-like protease inhibitor, similar to nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Several case reports have demonstrated the efficacy of 3-chymotrypsin-like protease inhibitors in treating prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in immunocompromised patients. Tacrolimus (TAC) is a widely used immunosuppressive agent whose blood level can increase significantly due to the inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) and P-glycoprotein by nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Since ensitrelvir also inhibits CYP3A and P-gp, similar elevations in TAC levels are expected. A prior case report observed an increase in TAC trough levels with concurrent administration of ensitrelvir. However, no studies have quantitatively described the changes in TAC blood levels and clearances before and after ensitrelvir administration when TAC administration was discontinued to mitigate the drug-drug interaction (DDI) risk; data on safe dosing protocols to avoid the DDI during co-administration of ensitrelvir and TAC remain lacking. Here, we report a case in which TAC levels were successfully managed in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who received ensitrelvir for persistent COVID-19 by preemptive discontinuation of TAC and close monitoring of TAC blood levels following ensitrelvir administration.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>An 81-year-old Japanese woman who had been administered TAC (1.5 mg once daily) for RA received two courses of remdesivir for moderate COVID-19. However, her viral load remained high and her respiratory status deteriorated. Considering persistent COVID-19, we initiated combination therapy with remdesivir and ensitrelvir (day 0). TAC was discontinued, and the TAC blood levels decreased from 3.6 ng/mL to 1.1 ng/mL over five days. Subsequently, we re-administered TAC (0.2 mg), observing a level of 1.0 ng/mL by day 7. The TAC dose was adjusted to 1.0 mg daily, and TAC levels on day 12 and 14 were 6.5 and 3.7 ng/mL, respectively. TAC (1.5 mg daily) was resumed on day 15. The calculated t_1/2 of TAC were 33.7, 71.9, and 114.6 h from day -1 to 0, day 0 to 2, and day 2 to 5, respectively. The t_1/2 of TAC was extended to 3.4-fold its original duration under ensitrelvir treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This DDI extended the half-life of TAC by approximately 3.4-fold, an effect that gradually diminished over 7 to 10 days. When patients receiving TAC treatment start ensitrelvir therapy, a dose reduction of TAC by approximately one-third to one-fourth is considered appropriate.</p>","PeriodicalId":16730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability, pricing, and affordability of antithrombotic medicines in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: implications for health policy.","authors":"Selam Birhanu, Melaku Tileku Tamiru, Hanan Muzeyin Kedir, Tamrat Assefa Tadesse","doi":"10.1186/s40780-025-00408-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40780-025-00408-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antithrombotic medications are essential for the management of abnormal clot formation. However, their availability, pricing, and affordability in Ethiopia, particularly in Addis Ababa, have not been comprehensively studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to assess the availability, pricing, and affordability of essential antithrombotic medicines. This study utilized the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Health Action Organization methodology. Five public hospital outpatient pharmacies, four private hospitals, ten private pharmacies, four Kenema pharmacies, and two Red Cross pharmacies in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, were included in the study. All essential antithrombotic medicines in the 6^th edition of Ethiopia's Essential Medicines List were included in this study. Data were collected for originator brands and the lowest-priced generic medicines available at each medicine outlet.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The availability of low-priced generic (LPG) antithrombotic medicines was 31%, with private hospitals having the highest availability (52%). Original-brand antithrombotic medicines were rarely available, averaging only 3%, with private pharmacies showing a slightly higher availability (10%). The median price of LPG antithrombotic medicines is higher in private settings. Original-brand (OB) antithrombotic medicines in private hospitals and pharmacies were unaffordable, costing between 256.14 and 3,418 days of wages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The availability of most antithrombotic medicines was low across all sectors compared with the WHO target. Private hospitals showed relatively higher availability of LPG medicines than other pharmacy outlets included in the study. There is a significant disparity between the availability and affordability of LPG and OB medicines. To address these issues, the national drug procurement and distribution systems must be strengthened. Exploring local production and financial assistance programs, implementing effective stock management, regulating medicine prices, promoting high-quality generic medicines, and conducting further research to understand the national landscape are all essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":16730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11715389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Comparison of facilities with and without additional medical fees for nutrition support team activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Akihiko Futamura, Takenao Koseki, Junichi Iida, Akito Suzuki, Nobuyuki Muroi, Michiaki Myotoku, Hiroki Maki, Kazuhisa Mizutani, Hikaru Ogino, Yasuki Taniguchi, Keiichiro Higashi, Masanobu Usui","doi":"10.1186/s40780-024-00407-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40780-024-00407-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16730,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11715608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142950363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}