Journal of Parathyroid Disease最新文献

{"title":"Types of application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and prognosis of osteoporosis; a narrative review","authors":"Sara Moslehi, Zahra Sadat Mahmoodian, Sasan Zandi Esfahan","doi":"10.34172/jpd.2024.11245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpd.2024.11245","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The rising impact of osteoporosis and fragility fractures highlights the need for advanced management strategies. Integrating digital health interventions, especially artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, is essential. Osteoporosis, a major contributor to elderly disability, demands AI to minimize diagnostic errors. This review targets stakeholders interested in employing AI for osteoporosis management. Methods: We examined 16 articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline (January 1, 2015, to January 1, 2023) using keywords like AI, osteoporosis, fragility fracture, and machine learning. After excluding redundancies, 15 articles were selected, covering five key aspects of osteoporosis management: Bone mineral densitometry (BMD) predictive variables (n=1), diagnosis, screening, and classification of osteoporosis (n=5), diagnosis and screening of fractures (n=4), fracture risk forecast (n=2), and automated image segmentation (n=3). Results: Recent machine learning (ML) advances empower AI in assessing bone health beyond X-rays. Techniques, including AI-driven analysis with multi-detector computed tomography scans, extend beyond X-ray imaging. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) excel in fracture diagnosis, surpassing medical professionals. Enhanced CNN performance is achieved through data augmentation and generative networks. Conclusion: Initial ML applications in osteoporosis research focus on the macroscopic scale, leaving a gap in microscale exploration. Establishing a robust system for bone micro-damage initiation detection is crucial for future applications in bone micromechanics. Ongoing development is essential to assess effectiveness and affordability through controlled studies.","PeriodicalId":16657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parathyroid Disease","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141278010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advancements in the treatment of tertiary hyperparathyroidism","authors":"Parisa Tajdini, Simin Mazaheri Tehrani, Yasaman Vahdani","doi":"10.34172/jpd.2024.11259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpd.2024.11259","url":null,"abstract":"Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is a condition characterized by excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands, leading to increased calcium levels in the blood. It typically occurs in patients with long-standing secondary hyperparathyroidism, often as a result of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The primary treatment goal for tertiary hyperparathyroidism is to normalize PTH levels and maintain calcium and phosphorus balance. This typically involves the use of medications to control hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. Calcimimetic agents, such as cinacalcet, can help lower PTH levels by increasing the sensitivity of the calcium-sensing receptors on the parathyroid glands. Additionally, phosphate binders can be prescribed to reduce serum phosphate levels.","PeriodicalId":16657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parathyroid Disease","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141278316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D status in hemodialysis; current opinions","authors":"Parisa Tajdini, Sadaf Farnam Nia, Nabiha Midhat Ansari, Maryam Farahmandsadr","doi":"10.34172/jpd.2024.11260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpd.2024.11260","url":null,"abstract":"The adverse clinical implications of vitamin D (vitD) deficiency in hemodialysis (HD) patients are widespread and include bone mineral disorders, cardiovascular disease, infections, and mortality. For example, low vitD values are connected with a heightened risk of fractures, osteomalacia, and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Additionally, low vitD levels have been linked to increased arterial stiffness, left ventricular hypertrophy, and heart failure in HD patients. Moreover, vitD deficiency has been connected with an intensified risk of infections, particularly respiratory tract infections, in HD patients. Finally, multiple studies have found an association between low vitD levels and increased mortality in HD patients.","PeriodicalId":16657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parathyroid Disease","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parathyroid crisis; a short look at an uncommon disease","authors":"Parisa Tajdini, Simin Mazaheri Tehrani, Yasaman Vahdani","doi":"10.34172/jpd.2024.11261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpd.2024.11261","url":null,"abstract":"Parathyroid crisis (storm), also known as parathyroid storm, is an extremely rare and life-threatening endocrine emergency caused by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). It is characterized by sudden and severe hypercalcemia, which can lead to multi-organ dysfunction and failure. This review paper aims to provide an in-depth understanding of parathyroid crisis, including its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management options.","PeriodicalId":16657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parathyroid Disease","volume":"57 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of calcium-sensing receptor gene polymorphism CASR rs 1042636, CASR rs 1802757, and cinacalcet response among Egyptian hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism","authors":"M. Behairy, Sahar Mahmoud Shawky, Somia Abdelhamid Bawady, H. Abdelsattar, Neveen Nabil Abdelsahheed, Ahmad Yehia Elhag","doi":"10.34172/jpd.2024.11255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpd.2024.11255","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication associated with morbidity and mortality among hemodialysis (HD) patients. Objectives: The current study aims to evaluate the frequency of CASR gene polymorphism variants related to parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulation (CASR rs1042636 and CASR rs1802757) and to test the hypothesis that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CASR gene alter the response to cinacalcet among Egyptian HD patients with SHPT. Patients and Methods: A case-control study that included 50 HD patients with intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) ≥300 pg/mL treated with cinacalcet for a 6-month duration and 40 healthy volunteers as a control group. Eligible patients were recruited from Ain Shams university hospitals. Blood samples were collected from patients and controls to assess allele frequencies of CASR gene polymorphism variants using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), corrected calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), Ca×P product, iPTH level, and alkaline phosphatase before and after treatment. HD patients were categorized into two groups based on the reduction percentage; responders’ patients (iPTH ≥20%) and non-responders to cinacalcet treatment. Results: Of 50 HD patients, 48 (96%) carried the rs1042636 AA wild gene, while only two (4%) carried the rs1042636 AG mutant gene, 42 (87.5%) carried the rs1802757 CC wild genotype, and 6 (12.5%) carried the CT mutant genotype. The minor alleles T and G were (6.3% and 2%) respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the patient and control groups regarding the CASR genotypes or alleles distribution. There was no significant difference between responders and non-responder’s patient groups regarding CASR genotypes or allele frequencies. Moreover, no significant correlation between CASR genotypes or alleles to delta change of Ca, P, Ca×P product, or PTH was seen. However, CASR rs1802757 CT mutant genotype was associated with a significant reduction in alkaline phosphatase levels after treatment. Conclusion: There is no significant association between the gene polymorphism CASR rs1042636 or CASR rs1802757 and the reduction in PTH levels as a response to cinacalcet treatment among Egyptian HD patients with SHPT.","PeriodicalId":16657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parathyroid Disease","volume":"49 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140434059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical administration of cinacalcet in parathyroid diseases","authors":"Azadeh Khayyat, Mohammad Ali Esmaeil pour","doi":"10.34172/jpd.2024.11256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpd.2024.11256","url":null,"abstract":"Cinacalcet has emerged as an effective therapeutic option for the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) and chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Through its modulation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), cinacalcet demonstrates considerable clinical benefits in maintaining parathyroid hormone and serum calcium levels within target ranges. It offers a valuable addition to the available treatment options for patients with these conditions. Cinacalcet binds to the CaSR on parathyroid cells, increasing its sensitivity to extracellular calcium. This results in decreased parathyroid hormone (PTH; parathormone), release through inhibition of intracellular signaling pathways involved in PTH synthesis and secretion. Cinacalcet also indirectly reduces serum calcium and phosphorus levels by suppressing PTH-mediated bone resorption and enhancing renal phosphate excretion.","PeriodicalId":16657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parathyroid Disease","volume":"61 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parathyroid disease; a bridge between nephrologist and endocrinologist","authors":"Mohammad Ali Esmaeil pour, P. Kaviani, Azadeh Khayyat","doi":"10.34172/jpd.2024.11251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpd.2024.11251","url":null,"abstract":"Nephrologists and endocrinologists work closely together in the diagnosis, treatment planning, and management of complications, surgical intervention, and also long-term management of parathyroid diseases. Their collaboration ensures holistic care for patients, addressing both the endocrine and nephrological aspects of the condition.","PeriodicalId":16657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parathyroid Disease","volume":"38 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parathyroid hormone level predicts mortality in hemodialysis; an old problem remains still","authors":"Areeb Ansari, Kamran Shirbache, Ali Shirbacheh, Hamid Nasri","doi":"10.34172/jpd.2024.11247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpd.2024.11247","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have found a clear association between higher PTH levels and increased mortality risk in hemodialysis patients. The studies indicate that higher levels of PTH are linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes, as well as an increased risk of bone fractures.","PeriodicalId":16657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parathyroid Disease","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing ultrasound to fine needle aspiration in differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid masses","authors":"Ladan Hajiabdolrrasouli, H. Samimagham, S. Hosseini Teshnizi, Ali Salimi Asl, MohammadHosein Sheybani-Arani, Soroush Jaberansari, Mitra Kazemi Jahromi","doi":"10.34172/jpd.2024.11244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpd.2024.11244","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Due to the possibility of malignancy of thyroid nodules, it is necessary to identify the type of thyroid nodule to choose the most accurate treatment possible. Objectives: Considering that there is no standard diagnostic method for masses with intermediate suspicion of malignancy, the present study was conducted to investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasound in differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid masses compared with fine needle aspiration (FNA). Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 150 patients who had been referred to an endocrinologist’s office in Bandar Abbas with a complaint of thyroid mass in 2019-2020 and had undergone ultrasound and FNA were included in the study by census. After obtaining their informed consent, the patient’s information was collected by reviewing their ultrasound and FNA reports and analyzed with descriptive and analytical tests in SPSS software version 26. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in detecting malignant and benign masses were 56.25% and 85.07%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of ultrasound were 60% and 98.27%, respectively. The number of malignant FNA reports was significantly higher in the intermediate suspicion category of patients than in patients with ultrasound results showing high suspicion of malignancy. Conclusion: Performing further diagnostic measures such as FNA and core needle biopsy after noticing an intermediate suspicion in a patient’s ultrasound seems necessary.","PeriodicalId":16657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parathyroid Disease","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future prospects in parathyroid diseases","authors":"Azar Baradaran, Padideh Daneii, Mahshid Imankhan, Mahsa Motieian, Sina Neshat","doi":"10.34172/jpd.2023.11240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jpd.2023.11240","url":null,"abstract":"Prospects in parathyroid diseases involve a multidisciplinary approach that combines research, clinical practice, and patient-centered care to improve understanding, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes for individuals with these conditions. Accordingly, further advancements in genetics, biomarkers, imaging, targeted therapies, non-surgical treatments, and personalized medicine can potentially revolutionize diagnosing, treating, and managing parathyroid diseases.","PeriodicalId":16657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Parathyroid Disease","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135958015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}