Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies最新文献_第2页

List of New Members 新成员名单

Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0263718900000662

引用次数: 0

Water supply and urban population in Roman Cyrenaica 罗马昔兰尼加的供水和城市人口

Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0263718900000777

J. Lloyd, P. R. Lewis

{"title":"Water supply and urban population in Roman Cyrenaica","authors":"J. Lloyd, P. R. Lewis","doi":"10.1017/S0263718900000777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263718900000777","url":null,"abstract":"A central archaeological and historical problem is that of population. It is reflected in the question often posed by the student or visitor of an ancient city: how big was X?; how many people lived here? The reply is unlikely to be more than an informed guess and, in most cases, a mere hazard, exposing a fundamental lacuna in historical knowledge. The problem of population size is not simply of casual interest; it affects almost every aspect of a balanced picture of life in ancient times. Explicit classical allusions to population figures survive in only a very few cases (Alexandria, for example, had more than 300,000 free inhabitants in the first century B.C., according to Diodorus). In their absence it is extremely difficult to assess the number of inhabitants of a city at a given time, a situation further complicated by the fact that in Roman times a city comprised not just a built-up area, perhaps defined by walls, but also a neighbouring territory which it owned. The inhabitants of the territorium were liable to be counted with the city dwellers, thus producing a definition of urban population which differs radically from our modern concept. Despite the inherent difficulties, demographic studies have periodically occupied the attention of a number of archaeologists and historians, and in recent years two major works have appeared. In The Economy of the Roman Empire Richard Duncan-Jones devotes an important chapter to the size of cities. After reviewing the various methods used to calculate the size of urban populations, he puts forward figures of his own, based principally on the interpretation of epigraphic evidence. As one of his examples has a specific Libyan connection, it is worth summarising here. The town concerned is Oea (modern Tripoli). Duncan-Jones applies an approach first outlined in 1886 by J. Beloch, in examining ancient records of large-scale gifts for public feasts or cash hand-outs (sportulae). These records provide important clues to the size of the urban population at the time of the benefaction. In the case of Oea, two pieces of evidence have been preserved. The first is given by Apuleius in the Apologia, a speech prepared for his defence (in a trial at Sabratha) against a charge of winning his Oean wife, Pudentilla, by magic.","PeriodicalId":165470,"journal":{"name":"Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130620414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Reports on Expeditions 考察报告

Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0263718900010293

C. Daniels, H. Blake, Antony Hutt, D. Whitehouse, O. Brogan

引用次数: 5

LIS volume 1 Cover and Front matter 第一卷封面和封面问题

Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/s026371890000950x

引用次数: 0

A Statuette of Marsyas at Cyrene 昔兰尼的马西亚斯雕像

Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0263718900008955

Saleh Wanis

{"title":"A Statuette of Marsyas at Cyrene","authors":"Saleh Wanis","doi":"10.1017/S0263718900008955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263718900008955","url":null,"abstract":"The torture of Marsyas was represented in many sculptures and paintings of the classical period, and indeed one such statuette is at present located in the Cyrene Museum (Inv. No.C14255; Archive No.30). This unpublished statuette, which is made of Pentelic marble and has a total height of 0.82 m (including base), was found near the Forum of Proculus (Caesareum) at Cyrene. Pindar relates how Marsyas found the cursed flute which the vain Athena had discarded and how he later challenged Apollo (playing the lyre) to a musical contest. Apollo agreed on condition that the winner might do as he chose to the loser. Marsyas lost the contest and as a result was tied to a pine tree and flayed alive. The basis of this legend is undoubtedly the contrast between the music of the lyre employed in the worship of the Ionian Apollo and that of the flute used in the religion of Southern Phyrgia. This statuette at Cyrene portrays the sufferings of Marsyas. It is a splendid composition, full of action and yet beautifully harmonious. The hair and the beard are carefully and naturally rendered; the expression of the face is powerful, and Marsyas' despair has been shown most effectively by the distorted features of the face, as indicated by the long upward curve of the eyebrows. The grooves on the forehead and the oblique setting of the eyes enhance the effect. Marsyas has been given a shaggy horse tail and probably also horse ears, and the veins of his body stand out as if they are going to burst, while the muscles are stretched to breaking point. The head has thick hair, which is slightly tangled and seems to be drenched in sweat.","PeriodicalId":165470,"journal":{"name":"Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126528899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Topography of Libyan Sand Grains 利比亚沙粒的地形

Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0263718900000601

C. Vita-Finzi

{"title":"The Topography of Libyan Sand Grains","authors":"C. Vita-Finzi","doi":"10.1017/S0263718900000601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263718900000601","url":null,"abstract":"The archaeological remains of Libya, prehistoric as well as Classical, have long served as guides to the age of the landscapes and deposits with which they are associated. To give a familiar example, the elevation of the ancient harbours of Apollonia and Lepcis Magna relative to present-day sea level is used in determining the extent of submergence or emergence since Antiquity. Other instances of archaeological dating may be found in the studies devoted to the Quaternary geology and geomorphology of Libya which were briefly reviewed in the Society's Fourth Annual Report (1972–3, pp.9–10). Hitherto, archaeological dating has been applied to substantial portions of the landscape in order to establish when they were formed, destroyed, deformed or displaced. It is now beginning to prove fruitful in investigating the history of individual sand grains, although still with the aim of evaluating gross environmental changes. The items whose age is here at issue are identified with the help of the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), whose application to the study of quartz grains is primarily associated with the name of D. H. Krinsley of the City University of New York. The SEM allows grains to be examined at a wide range of magnifications with all the advantages to be gained from a great depth of focus. Plates 1–4 illustrate the kind of detail revealed by the SEM on grains from deposits in Wadi Ganima, Tripolitania.","PeriodicalId":165470,"journal":{"name":"Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115241106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LIS volume 6 Cover and Front matter 第6卷封面和封面问题

Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0263718900000492

引用次数: 0

Votive and portrait sculpture from the Sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone at Wadi Bel Gadir, Cyrene (Shahat) 昔兰尼(沙哈特)瓦迪贝尔加迪尔德墨忒耳和珀尔塞福涅神庙的许愿和肖像雕塑

Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0263718900000741

Susan F Kane

{"title":"Votive and portrait sculpture from the Sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone at Wadi Bel Gadir, Cyrene (Shahat)","authors":"Susan F Kane","doi":"10.1017/S0263718900000741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263718900000741","url":null,"abstract":"Excavation and study work was continued by the University of Pennsylvania expedition under the direction of Professor Donald White from late June to early September 1976 in the Sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone at Wadi Bel Gadir, Cyrene (Shahat). With the help of a grant from the Society for Libyan Studies, I was able to begin my study of the votive and portrait sculpture excavated in the sanctuary and to travel to sites and museums in the Cyrenaica and Tripolitania for comparanda research. The 1976 season proved to be a fruitful one, not only for examination of sculpture from previous seasons, but also for acquisition of several fine pieces from new excavation. One life size marble female of Grosse Herkulanerin type (known from 1974) was unearthed and brought to the Casa Parisi sculpture yard, a new overlife size marble female (perhaps representing a priestess) and two underlife size marble peplophoroi of good workmanship were among the major pieces excavated. The two portrait finds were a fine marble female head in a Faustina the Elder hairstyle and a small limestone male head with Alexander the Great overtones. There were several statuettes found, including one of Demeter with her daughter Persephone seated in her lap which has parallels in both Eleusis and the Athenian Agora.","PeriodicalId":165470,"journal":{"name":"Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124608045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Early Arabic Inscriptions in Libya 利比亚的早期阿拉伯语铭文

Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0263718900009407

N. M. Lowick

{"title":"Early Arabic Inscriptions in Libya","authors":"N. M. Lowick","doi":"10.1017/S0263718900009407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263718900009407","url":null,"abstract":"With financial aid from the Society for Libyan Studies I was able to visit Libya on special leave from the British Museum between 21 April and 11 May. The object of the visit was to examine early Islamic epigraphic material, in particular any that might contribute to a knowledge of the archaeology of Ajdabiyah and contemporary sites. One week was spent in Tripoli as a guest of the Department of Antiquities, one week with Dr Whitehouse's team at Ajdabiyah and several days at Cyrene, Tolmeita and in other parts of Cyrenaica. At Tripoli Museum a fine collection of Kufic gravestones collected in and around the city was examined. These can be divided into two chronological and stylistic groups. The earliest pieces of the period of Aghlabid and Fāṭimid domination (third–fourth centuries A.H./ninthtenth centuries A.D.), are roughly incised rectangular or irregular slabs of stone or marble. The Kufic is plain, ornament being generally limited to bifurcation of the terminals; however, elements of foliation are discernible, notably on an example dated 248/862 (Rossi, Iscrizioni arabi e turchi del museo di Tripoli (1953) no. I). By contrast, those inscriptions which belong to the Khazrūnid and Muwaḥḥid periods (fifth-sixth centuries A.H./eleventh–twelfth centuries A.D.) are carved in relief on finely shaped marble blocks of a distinctive elongated type. The lettering is in the floriated style with additional decorative devices such as loops and right-angled bends in the uprights. Borders are adorned with vine-leaf or geometric motifs. The apparently abrupt transition to this evolved type of funerary monument is striking evidence of the high cultural level attained in Tripoli soon after the rise to power of an independent local dynasty.","PeriodicalId":165470,"journal":{"name":"Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130442350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

The Garamantes of Fezzan - an Interim Report of Research, 1965-1973 费赞的加拉曼特人——1965-1973年研究中期报告

Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0263718900009304

C. Daniels

{"title":"The Garamantes of Fezzan - an Interim Report of Research, 1965-1973","authors":"C. Daniels","doi":"10.1017/S0263718900009304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263718900009304","url":null,"abstract":"The Garamantes were the inhabitants of Southern Libya. Their capital Garama (‘clarissimum … caput Garamantum’) lies partly under the now deserted mud-brick Arab town of Germa in the Wadi el Agial some hundred miles west of Sebha. The oldest pottery so far recovered from the site dates to the late fifth and fourth centuries B.C., but earlier occupation, stretching back to the ninth century B.C., has been found on the nearby fortified spur-site of Zinchecra. The surrounding escarpment slopes, which form the southern side of the wadi, are dotted with literally thousands of graves, which vary from simple crouch-burials in shallow cists, sometimes covered by a stone cairn, to elaborate stepped ‘chouchet’-type monuments of stone or mud brick, square or circular in shape, mud-brick pyramids 10–15 feet high and even ashlar-built mausolea of which the so-called ‘Germa mausoleum’ is the most complete surviving example. The sedentary agricultural practice of the people is attested by the many hundreds of foggaras (underground water channels with down-shafts, akin to the Qanats of Persia) which tap the aqueous strata against the escarpment side and carry their water into the wadi centre. The foggaras and burials, taken together, show that approximately eighty miles in length of the Wadi el Agial were intensely cultivated and inhabited, and recent work has shown that sites similar to Zinchecra and Garama existed at various points along this eighty-mile length, the Garamanticae Fauces, or Valley of the Garamantes. Work in the Wadi Bergiug, Murzuch-Zuila area of oases to the south has shown that similar remains exist there, while it can reasonably be argued that the third great band of oases, the Wadi Chatti on the north of the el Agial, almost certainly contained similar occupation.","PeriodicalId":165470,"journal":{"name":"Annual report - Society for Libyan Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127880197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25