Journal of Nephropathology最新文献

{"title":"The resolution of immunofluorescent pathological images affects diagnosis for not only artificial intelligence but also human","authors":"Kensaku Takahashi, S. Kitamura, Kazuhiko Fukushima, Yizhen Sang, Kenji Tsuji, J. Wada","doi":"10.34172/JNP.2021.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/JNP.2021.26","url":null,"abstract":"Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: We examined how the image resolution affects the diagnosis not only artificial intelligence but also nephrologists in this study. The differences between human and artificial intelligence is specificity on diiferent resolution image diagnosis. The resolution of images might be important for not artificial intelligence but human on the point of specificity. Please cite this paper as: Takahashi K, Kitamura S, Fukushima K, Sang Y, Tsuji K, Wada J. The resolution of immunofluorescent pathological images affects diagnosis for not only artificial intelligence but also human. J Nephropathol. 2021;10(3):e26. DOI: 10.34172/jnp.2021.26. ARTICLE INFO","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43555928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial effects of Terminalia phillyreifolia (Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Gere & Boatwr. bark extract in streptozotocin induced hyperglycaemia and diabetic nephropathy in rats","authors":"A. Navale, D. Patel, A. Paranjape","doi":"10.34172/JNP.2021.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/JNP.2021.39","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Renal damage is a common clinical manifestation in diabetic patients. Therefore, nephroprotective effect is a desirable property for an antidiabetic agent. Natural compounds belonging to Terminalia phillyreifolia (TP) owing to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity may prove to be such agents. Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate methanolic extract of TP bark for its antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and nephroprotective effect in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes mellitus and nephropathy in rats. Materials and Methods: Diabetic male Wistar rats were divided into five groups; namely, normal control, disease control, standard (NPH insulin, subcutaneously), BE100 (bark extract 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and BE300 (bark extract 300 mg/kg, orally). Treatment was continued for 8 weeks. Plasma glucose levels, oxidative stress parameters, serum creatinine levels, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, per day urine output, urinary protein excretion (UPE) and kidney hypertrophy index were determined at appropriate time points. Results: Untreated animals developed severe hyperglycemia and major disturbance in renal function. Rats in standard and BE treated groups had significantly lower plasma glucose levels and oxidative stress markers as compared to disease control animals. BE rats also exhibited nearly normal urine volumes indicating better glomerular filtration rate. They had lower urinary protein, serum creatinine, BUN levels and lower renal hypertrophy index as compared to untreated animals. Conclusion: TP Bark extract corrected the hyperglycaemia and exerted protective effect against diabetes induced renal damage in rats, which may be partly due to its anti-oxidant effect. Therefore, TP extract can be further evaluated as potential antidiabetic therapy","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42010188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light chain proximal tubulopathy with lambda restriction presenting as acute kidney injury","authors":"A. Thomas, Ramprasad Elumalai, B. Gunabooshanam, Subalakshmi Balasubramanian, J. Matcha","doi":"10.34172/JNP.2021.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/JNP.2021.35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44063902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary risk factors for calcium oxalate urolithiasis in children with monosymptomatic enuresis","authors":"A. Liszewska, J. Bagińska, J. K. Kirejczyk, T. Porowski, A. Korzeniecka-Kozerska","doi":"10.34172/JNP.2021.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/JNP.2021.42","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: A disturbed calcium-phosphate balance is an important issue for kidney stone formation in nephrolithiasis. Hypercalciuria (HC) has been proposed as an essential etiology of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE). Objectives: We may suspect that patients with MNE may be at risk of stone formation hence the objective of this paper was to assess the risk in MNE children using Bonn Risk Index (BRI). Patients and Methods: The urinary work-up of 204 children (83 with MNE and 121 controls) included urinary calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na) excretion, Ca/creatinine ratio, BRI, ionized calcium (Ca2+), Mg/creatinine and Ca/citrate ratios, urinary citrates and oxalates (Ox). Results: Ca/creatinine and Mg/creat ratios were higher in the MNE group. There were no differences in Mg and Ca amount in urine and Mg/Ca ratio between MNE and the reference group. Both groups differed in Mg and Ca excretion per kg of body mass. MNE children differed from controls regarding BRI, Ox and urinary Ca2+. No differences in urinary citrate excretion nor Ca/citrate ratio between MNE and the controls were found. Correlations between factors important in the crystallization process in MNE children were recorded. Conclusion: MNE patients may be at risk of oxalate nephrolithiasis. Further studies to assess the role of the BRI and Ca/citrate ratio in predicting stone formation in MNE children are needed.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41415934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shunt Nephritis: A Rare and Forgotten Diagnosis","authors":"M. Reis, A. Gomes, A. Furtado, Clara Santos, Clara Almeida","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.17166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.17166","url":null,"abstract":"Shunt nephritis is a rare complication of ventriculoatrial and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection. The clinical manifestations are nonspecific and include asthenia, arthralgias, anorexia, weight loss, hematuria, proteinuria, and progressive renal impairment. Therefore, diagnosis can be delayed up for to several years after the first clinical manifestations, which increases the risk of progressive renal impairment and neurological dysfunction. A 57-year-old woman who had undergone ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement in 1990 was admitted to the nephrology department to perform an elective kidney biopsy due to hematuria, proteinuria, and rapidly progressive renal failure. The patient presented with asthenia and weight loss with a duration of one year. No other symptoms were reported. The kidney biopsy was suggestive of infection associated glomerulonephritis, particularly a subacute infection, as a membranoproliferative pattern was seen in light microscopy, and IgM staining was predominant in immunofluorescence imaging. During the hospital stay, the patient developed neurological symptoms. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed pleocytosis. Shunt nephritis was suspected, and antibiotic treatment was initiated. Due to the patient’s worsening neurological status, an urgent surgical shunt removal was performed. Two months later, her renal function was normal, and the urinalysis result was unremarkable, even though her neurological status did not improve. Although rare, shunt nephritis should be considered in patients that have a history of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement and present with a proliferative or membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and prominent IgM deposits in immunofluorescence imaging. Early diagnosis and shunt removal are critical for improving the neurological and renal prognosis.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48445440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crescentic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in HIV infection; a mini-review with case study","authors":"P. Meena, V. Bhargava, D. Rana, A. Bhalla, Ashwani K Gupta, M. Malik, Pallav Gupta","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.9842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.9842","url":null,"abstract":"HIV-related renal diseases have become more evident and easier to treat due to the prolonged survival of patients with HIV infection on antiretroviral therapy (ART). There are multiple factors involved in the pathogenesis of this entity. However, very little has been described regarding secondary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and especially a crescentic disease in these patients. Herein, we describe a patient who was incidentally detected to have HIV infection while evaluating for a rapidly progressive renal failure and was detected to have crescentic glomerulonephritis. We have reviewed the literature pertinent to the case in the present report.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42316699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autophagy and treatment of patients with COVID-19; which drugs target the autophagy pathway?","authors":"Elahe Aleebrahim-Dehkordi, Shirin Saberianpour, Ebrahim Soleiman-Dehkordi, D. Hooshyar, Z. Mojtahedi, N. Kianpour, A. Hasanpour-Dehkordi, Lillian Saberian, M. Akhavan Sepahi","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.01","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41562081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystals in renal allograft biopsies; a 5-year study with review of literature","authors":"Jyotsna Yesodharan, Seethalekshmy N. Vijayan","doi":"10.34172/JNP.2021.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/JNP.2021.32","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The kidney is exposed to a variety of crystalline substances which can cause tissue damage. There are limited studies on the frequency of crystal deposits in renal allograft biopsies especially from our part of the world. Objectives: The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of crystal deposits among the allograft biopsies received at our centre over five years, and to identify its clinicopathological implications. Patients and Methods: We have retrospectively searched the records of renal biopsies reported during the period from 2014 to 2018, to identify allograft biopsies with crystal deposits. The histopathological findings including the density of deposits were noted and correlated with demographic and clinical profile in the light of available literature. Results: Of 1225 transplant biopsies received during the study period, 1.5% had crystal deposits reported on morphology. These biopsies were from 13 patients evaluated for graft dysfunction; 10 had oxalate crystals while three had the rare 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (DHA) crystals. Crystal density varied from 1 to 26/mm2 and all showed acute tubular injury. Around 39% of the biopsies with crystals, included in this study, were taken within a month of transplant and those cases with subsequent biopsies showed progressive interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA). All three cases of DHA nephropathy were first diagnosed only on allograft biopsies. Conclusion: In the process of graft dysfunction, interpretation of allograft biopsy should include a careful search for crystals including polarised microscopy as this might not only explain deterioration of renal function, but also clinch the diagnosis of native kidney disease. Though our study has limitations, it addresses a less discussed issue and further studies are required to reinforce the significance of crystal induced allograft injury.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49036178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19-associated glomerulopathy and high-risk APOL1 genotype; Basis for a two-hit mechanism of injury? A narrative review on recent findings","authors":"A. Pezeshgi, M. Mubarak, A. Djamali, Leila Mostafavi, S. Moghadam-Kia, Niloufar Alimohammadi, P. Peymani, Saharnaz Pezeshgi","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2021.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2021.11","url":null,"abstract":"Kidney is one of the most common organs affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after the respiratory and immune systems Among the renal parenchymal components, the tubulointerstitial compartment is presumed to be the prime target of injury in COVID-19 The main mechanism of renal tubular damage by COVID-19 is considered to be indirect, i e , cytokine-mediated injury A proportion of infected individuals mount a strong inflammatory response to the virus by an exaggerated immune response of the body, namely cytokine storm Sudden and massive release of cytokines may lead to serious systemic hyper-inflammation and renal tubular injury and inflammation resulting in acute renal failure In addition, a number of cases of glomerulopathies, particularly collapsing glomerulopathy (CG) have been reported, predominantly in people of African ancestry, as a rare form of kidney involvement by SARS-CoV-2 that may originate from the background genetic susceptibility in this population complicated by the second hit of SARS-CoV-2 infection, either directly or indirectly It is noteworthy that renal injury in COVID-19 could be severe in individuals of African origin due to the aforementioned genetic susceptibility, especially the presence of high-risk apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) genotypes Although the exact mechanism of kidney injury by SARS-CoV-2 is as yet unknown, multiple mechanisms are likely involved in renal damage caused by this virus This review was aimed to summarize the salient points of pathogenesis of kidney injury, particularly glomerular injury in COVID-19 disease in the light of published data A clear understanding of these is imperative for the proper management of these cases For this review, a search was made of Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO and PubMed for finding English language articles related to COVID-19, kidney injury and glomerulopathy From the information given in finally selected papers, the key aspects regarding glomerular involvement in COVID-19 were drawn out and are presented in this descriptive review [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Nephropathology is the property of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45820645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance; experience of a tertiary care hospital in India","authors":"Shashank Mishra, R. Tewari, T. Chatterjee, S. Panda, Amit Katyal, V. Sood","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.17115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.17115","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) disorders are indolent B-cell or plasma cell lymphoproliferative neoplasms which do not meet the hematological criteria for malignancy, however they cause renal dysfunction as a result of production of nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulin (MIg). Objectives: To study the clinical presentation, laboratory features, light microscopy and immunofluorescence (IF) characteristics of all cases of MGRS diagnosed at our hospital over a period of five years. Patients and Methods: A record of all renal biopsies performed at our hospital between 2014-2019 was accessed from the database. Out of 1356 kidney biopsies, 68 had evidence of MIg deposition on immunofluorescence. Only six cases met the criteria of MGRS. Histopathological and immunofluorescence characteristics were studied to classify the lesions as per International Kidney and Monoclonal Gammopathy (IKMG) Research Group classification. Results: All six cases presented with deranged renal function. Four had sub-nephrotic and one had nephrotic range proteinuria. MIg was identified in only one case on serum protein electrophoresis and free light chain assay. Using a conjunction of histomorphology of renal lesions, special stains and immunofluorescence all six cases of MGRS were categorized as per IKMG classification into monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease (two cases), AL amyloidosis, light chain cast nephropathy, proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits (PGNMID) and light chain proximal tubulopathy (LCPT). Conclusion: MGRS presents as renal failure and proteinuria. MIg may not be detected on protein electrophoresis due to low-secretion in serum. A kidney biopsy is essential to study the morphology of renal lesions and identify MIg deposition.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41389243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}