Journal of neurotrauma最新文献

{"title":"Sex Differences in Neurological Outcome at 6 and 12 Months Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. An Observational Analysis of the OXY-TC Trial.","authors":"Jean-Francois Payen, Antoine Vilotitch, Tobias Gauss, Anais Adolle, Jean-Luc Bosson, Pierre Bouzat","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2024.0390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of sex in outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains uncertain. We explored whether outcomes differed between women and men after standardized care management during the first 5 days in the intensive care unit (ICU). This study was an observational analysis of the OXY-TC multicenter randomized clinical trial between June 15, 2016 and April 17, 2021. Recruited patients had a pre-hospital Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 3-8, mechanical ventilation, and intracranial pressure (ICP) with or without brain tissue oxygen pressure (PbtO₂) monitoring. Objectives were to maintain ICP at 20 mmHg or below and PbtO2 above 20 mmHg at all times. The primary end-point was the proportion of women and men with poor outcomes at 6 months, corresponding to an extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) score of 1-4 (death to upper severe disability). Of 318 randomized patients, 200 men and 71 women were analyzed. They were comparable in age, comorbidities, and initial injury severity scores. However, women had larger doses of ICP as the proportion of monitoring time of ICP above 20 mmHg 8% (3-18; median, interquartile range) versus 3% (1-10), respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.002). They required more often at least one tier-3 treatment, i.e., barbiturate coma and therapeutic hypothermia, for refractory intracranial hypertension during the first 5 days in the ICU: 33/68 (48%) versus 60/193 (31%), respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.012). At 6 months, the proportion of women with GOSE 1-4 was significantly higher than men: 48/71 (68%) versus 94/200 (47%), respectively (odds ratio 2.35 [1.33-4.16]; <i>p</i> = 0.003]. Similar differences were found using Disability Rating Scale and Functional Independence Measure at 6 and 12 months, and GOSE at 12 months. Sex differences in neurological outcomes persisted after adjustment for other determinants of outcome such as age, initial GCS score, and dose of ICP during the 5-day monitoring. In conclusion, women sustained more severe ICP and required more active treatment, both of which would explain a worse outcome after severe TBI. Prospective research is required to confirm these findings and identify possible mechanisms. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02754063 (April 28, 2016).</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translational Outcomes Project in Neurotrauma (TOP-NT) Pre-Clinical Consortium Study: A Synopsis.","authors":"Hannah L Radabaugh, Neil G Harris, Ina B Wanner, Mark P Burns, Joseph T McCabe, Alexandru V Korotcov, Bernard J Dardzinski, Jinyuan Zhou, Raymond C Koehler, Jieru Wan, Javier Allende Labastida, Babak Moghadas, Adnan Bibic, Marcelo Febo, Firas H Kobeissy, Jiepei Zhu, Richard Rubenstein, Jiamei Hou, Prodip K Bose, Seza Apiliogullari, Michael S Beattie, Jacqueline C Bresnahan, Susanna Rosi, J Russell Huie, Adam R Ferguson, Kevin K W Wang","doi":"10.1089/neu.2023.0654","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2023.0654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has long been a leading cause of death and disability, yet research has failed to successfully translate findings from the pre-clinical, animal setting into the clinic. One factor that contributes significantly to this struggle is the heterogeneity observed in the clinical setting where patients present with injuries of varying types, severities, and comorbidities. Modeling this highly varied population in the laboratory remains challenging. Given feasibility constraints, individual laboratories often focus on single injury types and are limited to an abridged set of outcome measures. Furthermore, laboratories tend to use different injury or outcome methodologies from one another, making it difficult to compare studies and identify which pre-clinical findings may be best suited for clinical translation. The NINDS-funded Translational Outcomes Project in Neurotrauma (TOP-NT) is a multi-site consortium designed to address the reproducibility, rigor, and transparency of pre-clinical development and validation of clinically relevant biomarkers for TBI. The current overview article provides a detailed description of the infrastructure and strategic approach undertaken by the consortium. We outline the TOP-NT strategy to address three goals: (1) selection and cross-center validation of biomarker tools, (2) development and population of a data infrastructure to allow for the sharing and reuse of pre-clinical, animal research following findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable data guidelines, and (3) demonstration of feasibility, reproducibility, and transparency in conducting a multi-center, pre-clinical research trial for TBI biomarker development. The synthesized scientific analysis and results of the TOP-NT efforts will be the topic of future articles.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective Harmonization, Common Data Elements, and Sharing Strategies for Multicenter Pre-Clinical Traumatic Brain Injury Research in the Translational Outcomes Project in Neurotrauma Consortium.","authors":"Ina-Beate Wanner, Joseph T McCabe, J Russell Huie, Neil G Harris, Afshin Paydar, Chloe McMann-Chapman, Anthony Tobar, Alexandru Korotcov, Mark P Burns, Raymond C Koehler, Jieru Wan, Javier Allende Labastida, Jonathan Tong, Jinyuan Zhou, Lex Maliga Davis, Hannah L Radabaugh, Adam R Ferguson, Timothy E Van Meter, Marcelo Febo, Prodip Bose, Kevin K Wang, Firas Kobeissy, Seza Apiliogullari, Jiepei Zhu, Richard Rubenstein, Hibah O Awwad","doi":"10.1089/neu.2023.0653","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2023.0653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective team science requires procedural harmonization for rigor and reproducibility. Multicenter studies across experimental modalities (domains) can help accelerate translation. The Translational Outcomes Project in NeuroTrauma (TOP-NT) is a pre-clinical traumatic brain injury (TBI) consortium charged with establishing and validating noninvasive TBI assessment tools through team science. Here, we present practical approaches for harmonization of TBI research across five centers providing needed vocabulary and structure to achieve centralized data organization and use. This includes data sharing as an essential step that enables validating data between domains, evaluating reproducibility between sites, and performing multimodal analyses. As part of this process, TOP-NT (1) produced a library of TBI-relevant standard operating procedures to coordinate workflow, (2) aligned 481 pre-clinical and clinical common data elements (CDEs), and (3) generated 272 new pre-clinical TBI CDEs. This consortium then (4) connected diverse data types to validate assessments across domains and to allow multivariable TBI phenotyping. Lastly, TOP-NT (5) specified technical quality controls for pre-clinical studies. These harmonization tools can facilitate reproducibility in team science, help distinguish a wide injury spectrum from technical variability, apply quality-controls, and ease higher level data analyses. TOP-NT uses three rat TBI models across four sites. Each site collects primary outcome measures, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols and blood biomarkers of neuronal and glial injury, validated by histopathology and behavioral outcomes. Collected data are organized using the 481 TOP-NT pre-clinical CDEs, covering surgical, behavioral, biomarker, MRI, and quantitative histopathological methods. We report data curation steps suited for data storage using the Open Data Commons for TBI as a centralized data repository, allowing unbiased cross-site analysis. This approach leads to introducing a higher level, syndromic understanding of TBI signatures. TOP-NT authors outline a semantic and structural framework suggesting strategies for robust pre-clinical research in multicenter trials to improve translatability for TBI assessments. [Figure: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Priority Clinical Actions for Outpatient Management of Nonhospitalized Traumatic Brain Injury.","authors":"Noah D Silverberg, Kathy Lee, Ana Mikolić, Mark T Bayley, David L Brody, E Wesley Ely, Joseph T Giacino, Cathra Halabi, Flora M Hammond, Daniel A Ignacio, Caterina Mosti, Joukje van der Naalt, Monique R Pappadis, Olli Tenovuo, Vincent Y Wang, Monica Verduzco-Gutierrez, Geoffrey T Manley","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2024.0414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Outpatient care following nonhospitalized traumatic brain injury (TBI) is variable, and often sparse. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's 2022 report on <i>Traumatic Brain Injury: A Roadmap for Accelerating Progress</i> highlighted the need to improve the consistency and quality of TBI care in the community. In response, the present study aimed to identify existing evidence-based guidance and specific clinical actions over the days to months following nonhospitalized TBI that should be prioritized for implementation in primary care. In systematic literature searches, 17 clinical practice guidelines met our eligibility criteria and an additional expert consensus statement was considered highly relevant. We extracted 73 topics covered by one or more existing clinical practice guidelines. After removing redundant and out-of-scope topics, those deemed essential (not requiring prioritization), 42 topics were subjected to a prioritization exercise. Experts from the author group (<i>n</i> = 14), people with lived experience (<i>n</i> = 112), and clinicians in the community (<i>n</i> = 99) selected and ranked topics they considered most important. There were areas of agreement (e.g., early education was ranked highly by all groups) and discordance (e.g., people with lived experience perceived diagnostic tests/investigations as more important than the other groups). We synthesized the prioritization survey results into a top-10 list of the highest priority clinical actions. This list will inform implementation efforts aimed at improving post-acute care for nonhospitalized TBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral and Cognitive Consequences of Spreading Depolarizations: A Translational Scoping Review.","authors":"Faith V Best, Jed A Hartings, Yara Alfawares, Steve C Danzer, Laura B Ngwenya","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0118","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are self-propagating waves of mass depolarization that cause silencing of brain activity and have the potential to impact brain function and behavior. In the eight decades following their initial discovery in 1944, numerous publications have studied the cellular and molecular underpinning of SDs, but fewer have focused on the impact of SDs on behavior and cognition. It is now known that SDs occur in more than 60% of patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), and their presence is associated with poor 6-month outcomes. Since cognitive dysfunction is a key component of TBI pathology and recovery, understanding the impact of SDs on behavior and cognition is an important step in developing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This study summarizes the known behavioral and cognitive consequences of SDs based on historical studies on awake animals, recent experimental paradigms, and modern clinical examples. This scoping review showcases our current understanding of the impact of SDs on cognition and behavior and highlights the need for continued research on the consequences of SDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11807897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validating the Brain Injury Guidelines in a Pediatric Population with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Intracranial Injury at a Level I Trauma Center.","authors":"Nina Yu, Jose Castillo, Jonathan E Kohler, James P Marcin, Daniel K Nishijima, Jonathan Mo, Lori Kennedy, Kiarash Shahlaie, Marike Zwienenberg","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0130","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and intracranial injury (ICI) often receive unnecessary imaging and hospital admission, leading to avoidable burdens on patients and health systems. While most of these patients do not develop critical neurological injuries, identifying those at risk would allow for a more optimal determination of the appropriate level of initial emergency care. The Brain Injury Guidelines (BIG) were developed as a triage tool to identify adult patients with mTBI and ICI who can benefit from repeat imaging, hospital admission, or neurosurgical consultation. Here, we sought to validate BIG in children at a Level I trauma center and determine if the BIG algorithm can accurately identify which patients with mTBI/ICI have critical neurosurgical injuries. We hypothesize that the BIG can identify critical neurological injuries more accurately than the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) alone and that more severe injury according to BIG is associated with worse patient outcome. We retrospectively reviewed TBI admissions at a single center (2017-2023) using an institutional registry. Patients included (0-17 years) had an initial head computerized tomography scan with ICI and a GCS of 14-15. Patients were retrospectively classified into the BIG categories (BIG 1, 2, or 3). Medical records were reviewed to identify clinically important TBI (ciTBI): death, neurological deterioration, neurosurgical intervention, intubation >24 h, or hospital admission >48 h due to TBI. Repeat imaging studies obtained were evaluated for progression of injury. The incidence of clinically important TBI (ciTBI) and imaging progression were recorded and compared across BIG categories. Outcomes were evaluated using the Glasgow Outcome Score Extended (GOS-E) 6 months after injury. Univariable and chi-square tests were used to analyze comparisons. Overall, 804 subjects were included in the analysis of which 551 (68.5%) were transfers. Overall, 175 (21.8%) patients had a BIG 1, 402 (50.0%) a BIG 2, and 227 (28.2%) a BIG 3 injury. CiTBI occurred among 64 (8.0%) patients overall, and in 1 (0.6%), 4 (1.0%), and 59 (26.0%) of the BIG 1, 2, and 3 injuries (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Progression on repeat imaging associated with neurological decline, neurosurgical intervention or resulting in additional evaluation was noted in 0 (0%), 2 (0.5%), and 41 (18.0%) of the BIG 1, 2, and 3 injuries (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Amongst 471 patients (58.6%) with available 6-month patient outcomes, 98% had a GOS-E ≥5 and no outcome difference between BIG categories was observed. Risk stratification of mild TBI using BIG allowed for reasonable identification of children who subsequently develop ciTBI, suggesting that BIG classification can aid in triage and management of patients who might benefit from neurosurgical consultation, repeat imaging, and potentially transfer to a dedicated trauma center. More severe injury according to BIG was not associated with a worse patient outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"71-81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mouse Model of Temporal Lobe Contusion.","authors":"J Marc Simard, Cigdem Tosun, Orest Tsymbalyuk, Mitchell Moyer, Kaspar Keledjian, Natalya Tsymbalyuk, Adedayo Olaniran, Madison Evans, Jenna Langbein, Ziam Khan, Matthew Kreinbrink, Prajwal Ciryam, Jesse A Stokum, Ruchira M Jha, Alexander Ksendzovsky, Volodymyr Gerzanich","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0242","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trauma to the brain can induce a contusion characterized by a discrete intracerebral or diffuse interstitial hemorrhage. In humans, \"computed tomography-positive,\" that is, hemorrhagic, temporal lobe contusions (tlCont) have unique sequelae. TlCont confers significantly increased odds for moderate or worse disability and the inability to return to baseline work capacity compared to intra-axial injuries in other locations. Patients with tlCont are at elevated risks of memory dysfunction, anxiety, and post-traumatic epilepsy due to involvement of neuroanatomical structures unique to the temporal lobe including the amygdala, hippocampus, and ento-/perirhinal cortex. Because of the relative inaccessibility of the temporal lobe in rodents, no preclinical model of tlCont has been described, impeding progress in elucidating the specific pathophysiology unique to tlCont. Here, we present a minimally invasive mouse model of tlCont with the contusion characterized by a traumatic interstitial hemorrhage. Mortality was low and sensorimotor deficits (beam walk, accelerating rotarod) resolved completely within 3-5 days. However, significant deficits in memory (novel object recognition, Morris water maze) and anxiety (elevated plus maze) persisted at 14-35 days and nonconvulsive electroencephalographic seizures and spiking were significantly increased in the hippocampus at 7-21 days. Immunohistochemistry showed widespread astrogliosis and microgliosis, bilateral hippocampal sclerosis, bilateral loss of hippocampal and cortical inhibitory parvalbumin neurons, and evidence of interhemispheric connectional diaschisis involving the fiber bundle in the ventral corpus callosum that connects temporal lobe structures. This model may be useful to advance our understanding of the unique features of tlCont in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"143-160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous Immunomodulatory Nanoparticles Prevent Secondary Damage after Traumatic Brain Injury.","authors":"Ryan Bertossi, Jonathan E Kurz, Tammy McGuire, Chian-Yu Peng, John A Kessler","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0218","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After traumatic brain injury (TBI), monocyte/macrophage infiltration is a key early step in the development of an inflammatory cascade that leads to substantial secondary damage. Intravenous (IV) immunomodulatory nanoparticle (IMP) administration after TBI limits inflammatory cell infiltration and reduces both behavioral decline and lesion size without any noticeable toxicity. Here we show that there is a dose-response relationship between the amount of IMP administered and tissue damage which plateaus at a well-tolerated dose. There is a therapeutic window of efficacy for IMP administration of at least 6 h after injury with some benefit observed when treatment was delayed for 12 h after injury. Single cell RNA sequencing demonstrated substantial changes in gene expression after TBI in both neural and non-neural cells in the brain, and IMP administration ameliorated many of the changes. Particularly notable were significant unexpected changes in CCR1, CXCR2, and BDNF expression in vascular smooth muscle cells that may participate in injury responses after TBI. Thus, IMP treatment within 6 h after TBI limits inflammatory responses and gliosis, improves anatomical and behavioral outcomes and prevents detrimental changes in gene expression in both neural and non-neural cellular elements of the brain. IMPs are non-toxic and are made of an FDA-approved material that is stable at room temperature. They could easily be given IV immediately after TBI in the field by emergency medical technicians or in the emergency room to prevent secondary damage, thereby improving outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"94-106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural Alterations of Gray and White Matter in Active Young Boxers with Sports-Related Concussions.","authors":"Wenjing Huang, Jiahao Yan, Yu Zheng, Jun Wang, Wanjun Hu, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.0015","DOIUrl":"10.1089/neu.2024.0015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The existing research on the microstructural alterations associated with sport-related concussions (SRCs) has primarily focused on deep white matter (DWM) fibers, while the impact of SRCs on the superficial white matter (SWM) and gray matter (GM) remains unknown. This study aimed to characterize the altered metrics obtained from neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) in boxers with SRCs, and thereby determine whether distinct regional patterns of microstructural alterations can offer valuable insights for accurate diagnosis and prognosis. Concussed boxers (<i>n</i> = 56) and healthy controls (HCs) with typically developing (<i>n</i> = 72) underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. The tract-based spatial statistics approach was used to investigate alterations in the DWM and SWM, while the gray matter-based spatial statistics approach was used to examine changes in the GM. The median time from the last SRC to MRI in the SRC group was 33.5 days (interquartile range, 45.25). In comparison with HCs, the SRC group exhibited lower fractional anisotropy (FA), neurite density index (NDI), and isotropic volume fraction (ISOVF), as well as higher mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity in both the DWM and SWM. Moreover, the SRC group exhibited lower FA, NDI, orientation dispersion index, and ISOVF in the GM, as well as higher AD. The altered microstructure of both gray and white matter was found to be associated with deficits in working memory and vocabulary memory among boxers. In addition to characterizing the DWM impairment, NODDI further elucidated the effects of SRCs on the microstructure of GM and SWM, offering a reliable imaging biomarker for SRC diagnosis and shedding light on the pathophysiological changes underlying SRCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":" ","pages":"33-45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142622352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgment of Reviewers 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1089/neu.2024.21654.revack","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2024.21654.revack","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16512,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurotrauma","volume":"42 1-2","pages":"161-163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}