Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Sulphuric Acid Bake-Leach Process for the Treatment of Mixed Copper-Cobalt Oxide Ores","authors":"Precious Mwamba, J. Masinja, J. Manchisi, Leonard Kabondo","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.102014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.102014","url":null,"abstract":"A sulphuric acid bake–leach method for the treatment of mixed cop-per-cobalt oxide minerals was investigated as an alternative to the reductive leaching method. Sulphuric acid bake-leach process of the mixed cop-per-cobalt oxide ore was carried out by mixing the sample with sulphuric acid followed by baking of the mixture in a muffle furnace. Baking tests were conducted at different conditions such as temperature, time, and varying amounts of acid. The reacted samples were then subjected to water leaching at room temperature to determine the leachability of copper and cobalt from the baked material. The dissolutions of copper and cobalt were dependent on acid concentration with cobalt showing more sensitivity to the amount of acid. Both copper and cobalt were extracted from the baked material within short leaching times and without the addition of reducing agents. The out-come of this work has shown that the sulphuric acid bake-leach process is a possible alternative to the reductive leaching method for copper-cobalt oxide ores.","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"17 15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82567274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Chemical Compositions of Portland Cement and Limestone from Four Geopolitical Zones of Nigeria","authors":"Abdulhanan Onimisi Ahmed, Anayo Christian Etonihu, N. O. Nweze","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.102009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.102009","url":null,"abstract":"Cement, a major binding material in concrete making, influences the quality of concrete so produced with it; as such its chemistry dictates the chemistry of the concrete. Poor quality cement has recently been implicated as the main causes of incessant building collapses in Nigeria. The physicochemical analysis of limestone used in the production of various brands of Portland cement in four geopolitical zones of Nigeria (north east NE, north west NW, north central NC, and south west SW) was investigated using standard methods. Each of the limestone and cement samples was randomly collected from their respective sample points at the four different geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Each of the collected samples was ground and sieved to 2 mm mesh size. The limestone was rich in lime content that ranged from 45.91% ± 0.30% to 49.0% ± 0.19%. Among the cement samples, percent SiO2 ranged from 19.95 ± 0.25 (NW) to 20.18 ± 1.02 (NC), Al2O3 4.98 ± 0.18 (NW) to 5.82 ± 0.38 (NE), Fe2O3 2.76 ± 1.00 (NE) to 3.82 ± 0.21 (SW), CaO 60.18 ± 0.27 (NE) to 65.10 ± 0.98 (NC), MgO 1.93 ± 0.04 (NC) to 2.50 ± 0.10 (NE), SO3 0.93 ± 0.50 (NE) to 2.02 ± 0.13 (NW). The results showed that virtually all the cement samples analyzed conformed well to the BSEN 196-2 standard. However, the loss on ignition (LOI) deviated considerably (7.82% to 8.72%) from 4% maximum by the standard. Also, the lime saturation factor (99.70%) obtained for north central cement was slightly higher than the specified range of 92.0 to 98.0%. It could be deduced from this study that the various cements available in Nigerian market from the four geopolitical zones are of good quality. Nevertheless, other processes that lead to the production of a good concrete such as the mix ratio of cement, gravel, sand and water, use and quality of iron rods, and other building materials need to be professionally checked for How to cite this paper: Ahmed, A.O., Etonihu, A.C. and Nweze, N.O. (2022) Analysis of Chemical Compositions of Portland Cement and Limestone from Four Geopolitical Zones of Nigeria. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 10, 113-126. https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.102009 Received: January 5, 2022 Accepted: March 6, 2022 Published: March 9, 2022 Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"87 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86444566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical and Numerical Modelling of Copper Tube Extrusion after Optimizing Geometrical and Operating Parameters","authors":"Ngoy Moïse Raphael Moramess, Mulaja Tshakatumba Constantin, Tshipeshi Makina Héritier, Ntambwe Sapu Aaron, Tubadi Diamba José, Mwema Mutamba Edouard","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.102010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.102010","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to optimize cross-sectional area of the extruder and the flow rate of the material through the extruder. Extrusion process was first mod-elized using the continuum mechanics method before being simulated with the commercial software LS-DYNA using the Johnson-Cook model based on the finite element method after optimization of the factors with simplex algorithm. The study was carried out on a connecting rod: diameter of 145 mm, cross-section of 1.65 m 2 , length of 0.25 m, volume of 0.41 m 3 and a mass of 37 kg. Optimum parameters obtained were temperature of 850˚C, flow rate of 0.237 m/s, die diameter of 19.2 mm, pin diameter of 14 mm, extrusion strength of 565.6 kN and press pressure of 245 GPa. From these factors, a blank was obtained with external and internal diameters of 19.2 and 14 mm respectively over a length of 28 m with a thickness of 2.6 mm. Simulation using LS-DYNA software resulted in a difference in values of 7.4% between optimization and simulation when the difference of 2.4% was found between modelling and simulation. These values make the process optimal for industrial application to improve the extrusion requirements of copper tubes.","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87292415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study Correlation between Physical-Mineralogical Properties of Sandstone Used in Ptolemaic Temples in Upper Egypt and Its Weathering Resistance","authors":"E. H. Mohamed","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.105026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.105026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87353596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cooking Condiments on the Mass Loss of Artisanal Aluminum Cooking Utensils: The Case of Congo—Brazzaville","authors":"Thierry Arcady Vila Noemie, Grace Mazel Ifo, Jean-Claude Bibila Mafouba, Vivien Igore Banzouzi Samba, Mpissi Zita Flora Diamouangana, Nursie Rarahu Oba Mboho, Christ Dorvy Privillège Tsaty N, J. Moutou","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.102011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.102011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86258249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2 GeV Electron Beam Irradiation Effects in Advanced Metallic Glasses","authors":"M. Sorescu, F. Benmokhtar, D. Higinbotham, M. Stutzman","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.102008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.102008","url":null,"abstract":"Six amorphous alloys (Alloy 1: Fe 56 Co 24 Nb 4 B 13 Si 2 Cu 1 , Alloy 2: Fe 68.5 Co 5 Nb 3 Cu 1 Si 15.5 B 7 , Alloy 3: Fe 75.3 Ni 0.8 Cr 0.9 Si 8.7 B 14.3 , Alloy 4: Fe 56 Co 24 Cr 10 Nb 4 B 3 Si 1 Cu 2 , Alloy 5: Fe 72.9 Nb 3 Cu 1 Si 16.2 B 6.9 , Alloy 6: Fe 83.3 Si 8.6 Nb 5.5 B 1.4 Cu 1.2 ) were selected in terms of their composition and magnetostriction constants and uniformly irradiated in a high radiation environment in Hall A of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The 2 GeV electron beam irradiation-induced effects were characterized by M ӧ ssbauer spectroscopy. The microstructural changes were related to the evolution of the hyperfine magnetic field distributions and isomer shifts. In particular, the occurrence of stress centers in the amorphous materials was evidenced.","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81621119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unit Cell Modelling of Auxetic Structure","authors":"Sydney Pothier, Reem Roufail, Margaret Malton","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.104025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.104025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84611446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar Photocatalysis of TiO₂ Supported Natural Palygorskite Nanofibers Elaborated by a One_Pot Mechanochemical Route","authors":"Lakbita Omar, Rhouta Benaissa, Goetz Vincent, Maury Francis, Plantard Gaël, D. Lahcen","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.103020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.103020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79981778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Archean Tonalite-Trondhjemite-Granodiorite Suites Bearing Orthopyroxene Mineral of the Bounta Region and Their Sulfide and Oxide Iron Mineralization (Western Ivory Coast)","authors":"Gnamba Emmanuel Franck Gouedji, Z. Ouattara, C. N’cho, Aboubacar Diaby, C. Picard, M. Audet, B. Bakayoko, B. Kamagaté","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.106035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.106035","url":null,"abstract":"The mining company Sama Nickel-CI during its exploration activities in the Bounta area (Biankouma department, western Côte d’Ivoire) identified rocks with magmatic and metamorphic characteristics of felsic to mafic compositions mineralized in sulfide but unknown in the region. Thus, the petrographic characterization of these rocks of Bounta as well as the sulfides they contain, was carried out from macroscopic to microscopic observations. Petrographic analysis of these rocks has shown that these rocks are trondhjemite, tonalite and granodiorite (TTG) suites, composed of the main minerals (quartz, plagioclase, orthopyroxene, amphibole, feldspar) and accessory minerals (biotite, garnet) with magmatic textures supplanted by metamorphic textures. They were set up by fractional crystallization and would be products of Archean crustal anatexis formed from the partial melting of basaltic protocrust during the Liberian orogeny. The Bounta’s series of trondhjemite, tonalite and granodiorite (TTG) contain speckles of sulfide (pyrite and pyrrhotite) which are disseminated in places and are relatively abundant, as well as iron oxides (magnetite) which are of low proportion.","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89252779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Characteristics of Hydrated Lime with Fine Sewage Sludge Ash (FSSA) and Coal Fly Ash (CFA)","authors":"M. Sall, A. Wade, G. Dieye, Alassane Traoré, P. Gueye, S. Diouf, Déthié Thiaw, Khalifa Ababacar Diop, Djibril Diop","doi":"10.4236/jmmce.2022.105032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2022.105032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16488,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77912881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}