Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research最新文献

{"title":"Cellulolytic Bacillus May or May Not Produce β -Glucosidase Due to Their Environmental Origin – A Case Study","authors":"Lutfun Neesa, N. Jahan, Md. Abdullah Al Noman Khan, Mohammad Shahedur Rahman","doi":"10.24896/jmbr.2017764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/jmbr.2017764","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial cellulases have been drawing attention worldwide because of their massive capacity to process the most abundant cellulosic biomass into sustainable biofuels and other valuable products. Profitable biomass conversion processes are highly dependent on the use of efficient enzymes for lignocellulose degradation. Among the cellulose degrading enzymes, β-glucosidases are essential for efficient hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass as they relieve the inhibition of the cellobiohydrolases and endoglucanases by reducing cellobiose accumulation. In this study, cellulolytic bacteria with potential β-glucosidases activity were isolated and screened from biogas plant effluent and dairy effluent near Jahangirnagar University campus. From initial screening, a total of 16 isolates were found to have cellulolytic activity, among them three isolates (B1, B5, D4) were selected based on their superior results. All the three bacterial isolates were identified as B. subtilis (B1), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B5) and B. subtilis (D4) respectively based on their morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics. The βglucosidases activity of these three potential cellulolytic bacteria was performed by measuring the release of PNP using pNPG as a substrate and interestingly D4 strain was resulted with β-glucosidases negative where B1 strain was found to have efficient for β-glucosidases activity.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77467482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction and catabolite repression of alpha-amylase synthesis in Bacilluslicheniformis SKB4","authors":"S. Samanta, S. Jana, S. Kar, P. Mohapatra, B. Pati, K. C. Mondal","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017762","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91153055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid-state fermentation for production of Pectic enzymes by Aspergillus niger","authors":"M. Baig, A. R. Apastambh","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017753","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84825452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview on therapeutic potential and various applications of microbial collagenases","authors":"W. Azmi, Shikhabaghel Chauhan, M. Gautam","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017763","url":null,"abstract":"Collagen is the most widely distributed class of proteins in the human body. Monomers of collagen are constantly being synthesized and degraded throughout the development of a healthy individual to adulthood. The collagenase subfamily found in human matrix (metalloproteinases), are capable of hydrolyzing native collagen under physiological conditions. Collagenases are produced by specific cells involved in repairs and remodelling processes and plays important role in connective tissue metabolism. Present article focus on the major sources, properties and therapeutic aspects of microbial collagenases in their relation with various diseases and its applications in medical and food industry. Collagenolytic enzymes are highly specific for collagen and have been the focus of much practical interest with respect to cosmetic, medical and food based applications. The most common uses of these enzymes appear to be in medicine as they have been used to treat burns and ulcers, to eliminate scar tissue and play an important role in the successful transplantation of specific organs.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"17-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88255842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity of Pergularia tomentosa against carbon tetra chloride induced hepatic damage in Wistar albino rats","authors":"Vinoth Kumar, M. Elangovan, Rajagopalan Srinivasan","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017761","url":null,"abstract":"Many oxidative stress related disease are due to accumulation of free radicals in the body which causes cell injury. In this study, the enzymatic antioxidants (Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione-s-transferase, Glutathione peroxidase, Ascorbate oxidase and Polyphenoloxidase) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (Total reduced glutathione and Vitamin C) activities were determined using Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) rat liver as experimental model. The ethanol and chloroform extract showed noticeable increases in enzymatic antioxidant and non- enzymatic antioxidant and thus capability to scavenge the free radicals and protect against oxidative stress causing diseases. Thus, the present study indicates that the plant may be clinically valuable agent in the prevention of hepatic failure caused by CCl 4 intoxication.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85500031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bile salt hydrolase and antimicrobial activities of three bile resistant probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum strains isolated from Cameroonian artisanal fermented milk","authors":"Bemmo Kamdem Ulrich Landry, Kaktcham Pierre-Marie, Momo Kenfack Chancel Hector, Foko Kouam Edith Marius, Z. François, Wang Yan, Zhu Taicheng, Yin Li","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017754","url":null,"abstract":"Probiotics are well known for their efficacy as dietary adjuncts providing benefits to consumers. However, the selection of probiotics before incorporation into diet requires the scrutiny of a well-defined set of criteria. Hence, three Lactobacillus plantarum strains (GGU, GLA51 and GLP56, having KU949009, KU949010 and KU949011 respectively as GenBank accession numbers) previously isolated from Cameroonian traditional fermented milk have been used in this study for the evaluation of their Bile salt hydrolase and antimicrobial activities. Bile tolerance test was carried out by monitoring the bacterial growth at different Oxgall bile concentration (0.3%, 0.5% and 1%). The bile salt hydrolase activity was measured by determining the amount of amino acid liberated from conjugated bile salts by lactobacilli strains. Also, three bsh genes (bsh1 gene specific to Lactobacillus plantarum species, bshA and bshB genes specific to Lactobacillus acidophilus species) involved in the bile salt hydrolase activity were screened. The a ntimicrobial activity of the strains was evaluated using the agar-spot test. T he three Lactobacillus plantarum strains showed survival percentages higher than 90% in the presence of 0.3% of Oxgall bile, and the delays of growth ranged from 0 to 10 min. Their bile salt hydrolase activity ranged from 15.62 ± 3.00 to 23.91 ± 5.82 U/mg towards Oxgall and from 10.47 ± 2.76 to 24.57 ± 6.31 U/mg towards Taurodeoxycholate. Only Lactobacillus plantarum GLA51 was found to harbor thebsh1 gene. Its sequence was deposited in the Genbank under the accession number MF098542. The analysis of thisbsh1 gene sequence from L. plantarum GLA51 indicated that it contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 838 nucleotides encoding a 278 amino acids protein. The three Lactobacilli strains showed inhibitory activity against the pathogenic or spoilage bacteria tested, except for Shigella flexneri. These results suggest that the three Lactobacillus plantarum strain show potential for probiotic applications. Keywords: Bile salt hydrolase activity, antimicrobial activity, Lactobacillus plantarum , bile tolerance","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"122 1","pages":"21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74231469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on potential of Withania somnifera root extract against diabetic foot infection pathogens","authors":"A. M. Mydeen, A. Basha","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017752","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"136 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80504945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective isolation and characterization of rare actinomycetes adopted in glacier soil of Manali ice point and its activity against Mycobacterium spp","authors":"R. A, P. Gajalakshmi","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017751","url":null,"abstract":"An exigent demand of antimicrobial agent against M. tuberculosis was lead to the isolation of novel rare actinomycetes from the unexplored cryophilic environment. Soil samples were collected from glacier ice point of Kullu Manali and processed for further studies. A novel approach was described for the isolation of rare actinomycetes from a heterogeneous population. Isolation was done by conventional and density gradient centrifugation. Sucrose gradient centrifugation showed a maximum of 24 actinomycetes isolates which belong to the genera of Streptomyces sp (12), Micromonospora sp (5) Planomonospora sp(2), Micropolyspora sp (2), Actinopolyspora sp (1) Nocardia sp (1) and Intrasporangium sp (1). Of these 24 actinomycetes, isolate Planomonospora sp (PL-2) showed potent anti-mycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis (MTCC300) and M.tuberculosis (MTCC 6). Bioautography reveals that the R f value of active compound was 0.75 and retains the antimicrobial activity at 75° C. Based on the C 13 and H 1 NMR the active compound was characterized as 2-(2-ethenylphenyl) heptane-1-ol. Phylogenetic analysis reveals active isolate was closely related to Planomonospora alba and the Genbank accession is JQ280498.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"82 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83408125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Plasmid Profiling of Some Isolates Obtained from Raw Meats Sold in Ibadan Metropolis","authors":"F. Afolabi, A. R. Arowosebe, S. Adeyemo","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017742","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to monitor the prevalence rate of pathogenic isolates from fresh raw meats sold at butcher open shops in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. 16 samples of pork, goat, beef and chicken meats were obtained from four market locations and analyzed using standard microbiological techniques. The result of the microbiological examination of the meat samples shows the occurrence of 12 genera of bacteria out of the 161 isolates obtained: Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Yersinia, Proteus, Escherichia, Paracolons, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter. A total of 50 isolates were selected across the locations and tested against different antibiotics which include; ceftazidime, cefuroxime, gentamicin, ofloxacin, augmentin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim, out of which 58% of the isolates were most resistance to tetracycline, and 94% were most susceptible to gentamicin. Furthermore, 10 most antibiotic resistant isolates were selected across the four locations to check for their plasmid profiles, and four were found to contain plasmid of different sizes and numbers. These isolates were cured of their plasmids and subjected against the selected antibiotics. The isolates remained resistant to the antibiotics except for Shigella dysenteriae which becomes susceptible to the antibiotics it was formerly resistant to, showing that the gene(s) responsible for the resistance against the tested antibiotics is plasmid related. The findings of this study confirmed the presence of probable pathogenic organisms which are multidrug resistant microorganisms in raw meats sold in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. It significantly points to the great need to evaluate and monitor the occurrence rate of multidrug resistant organisms in livestock sold in Nigeria. There is also the need for proper and adequate cooking of food of animal origin prior consumption.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"189 1","pages":"13-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72745025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of biopolyester poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Bacillus cereus RCL 02, a leaf endophyte of Ricinus communis L.","authors":"R. Das, A. Pal, A. Paul","doi":"10.24896/JMBR.2017744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JMBR.2017744","url":null,"abstract":"Endophytic bacteria colonizing the internal tissues of plants have attracted the attention of scientific communities in recent years for production of biodegradable polyesters like polyhydroxyalkanotaes (PHAs). A newly characterized bacterium, Bacillus cereus RCL 02 (GenBank accession no. KX458035 ), isolated from surface sterilized leaves of Ricinus communis L. has been explored for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)], the most common PHA. As revealed by scanning electron microscopy, P(3HB) accumulating cells developed swellings or blebs and released the native granules as a function of autolysis. During growth in glucose containing mineral salts medium under batch fermentation, the isolate produced P(3HB) accounting 68% of its cell dry weight (CDW). Glucose and yeast extract when used in the ratio of 5:1, significantly influenced intracellular biopolyester accumulation (72.2%, CDW and 2.54 g/L). A further increase of polymer production (81%, CDW and 3.17 g/L) was accomplished in presence of 1.5 mM manganese as exogenous metal stress. Moreover, supplementation of the growth medium with non-conventional carbon sources especially refined sugarcane molasses further enhanced the production of both biomass (9.44 g/L) as well as polyester (83.6%, CDW and 7.89 g/L). These finding emphasises exploration of endophytic bacteria of oleaginous plants in general and R. communis L. in particular as potential but hitherto an under exploited bioresource for commercial production of biodegradable polyesters.","PeriodicalId":16482,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research","volume":"109 1","pages":"32-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79602138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}