Journal of Non-crystalline Solids最新文献

{"title":"Spectral analysis study on the UV photosensitive properties and mechanisms of photo-thermo-refractive glass","authors":"Ziyi Ge ,&nbsp;Baoxing Xiong ,&nbsp;Qiannan Li ,&nbsp;Xiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cerium element co-exists in the forms of Ce⁴⁺and Ce³⁺in the photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass matrix, with the concentration of the photosensitive factor Ce³⁺ determining the photosensitive properties of PTR glass. This study investigates the effects of various fundamental and doping components on the Ce³⁺ content and photo-sensitivity of PTR glass, offering a detailed discussion on the photosensitive mechanism of PTR glass under continuous and femtosecond UV laser irradiation, as well as the dynamic transformation process of internal particles. The results reveal that an increase in Na₂O content slightly decreases the Ce³⁺ content in PTR glass, while an increase in CeO₂ content simultaneously elevates the Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ content. Sb₂O₃/SnO₂ doping significantly enhances the Ce³⁺ content in PTR glass at the constant CeO₂ content. Under continuous UV laser irradiation at 325 nm, most of the Ce³⁺ ions converted to [Ce³⁺]⁺accompanied by absorbing photon energy and releasing electrons. An increase in irradiation dose facilitates the formation of more Ag⁰ atoms, while variations in irradiation power primarily augment the number of free electrons within the glass matrix. In terms of the photosensitive mechanism during irradiation with a 343 nm femtosecond laser, once the single pulse energy surpasses the nonlinear threshold of the material (&gt;0.3 μJ), PTR glass releases free electrons through two ways: two-photon absorption by Ce³⁺and multiphoton absorption by the glass matrix. Meanwhile, the high temperature field generated by femtosecond laser irradiation can induce the formation of silver nanopraticles (Ag-NPs) in PTR glass directly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 123508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Linking the ring-morphology of (Li2O)x(B2O3)100-x and (Na2O)x(B2O3)100-x borate glasses with topological phases and melt dynamics” [Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids Volume 654, (2025), 1-26/ 123450]","authors":"Kandasamy Vignarooban,&nbsp;Charles Skipper,&nbsp;Aaron Welton,&nbsp;Punit Boolchand","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123502"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hertzian fracture of a borosilicate glass at room temperature and at 77 K","authors":"M. Munawar Chaudhri","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hertzian fracture tests on 10 mm thick plates of Borofloat® 33 glass (Schott, Germany) have been carried out at room temperature and at 77 K using smooth tungsten carbide (WC) spheres of radii 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.57, and 4 mm as indenters. Cooling of the test samples down to 77 K has had a marked effect on the Hertzian fracture loads, which are up to at least 5 times higher than the corresponding loads determined at room temperature. It is suggested that this increase in the fracture loads occurs because at 77 K there is no static fatigue of the glass. Since most of the Hertzian fracture tests from 1880s to date have been carried out under ambient conditions involving static fatigue, the results obtained are flawed and conclusions drawn from them are unreliable. Our experimental results obtained from Hertzian fracture tests at 77 K are more reliable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vanadate glasses: A review of structure, properties, and applications","authors":"Adam Shearer,&nbsp;John C. Mauro","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glasses based on vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) are a unique family of materials with interesting structural motifs and properties leading to several different industrial applications. The electronic structure of vanadate glasses enables semiconducting and nonlinear optical properties, while the atomic structure of these glasses leads to a unique combination of thermal and mechanical properties. The low melting point of vanadates is appealing for glass sealant applications but requires mixing with other glass formers to suppress crystallization. In this review, sources of vanadium, solution chemistry, and crystal structures are discussed to provide important context for V₂O₅ based glasses. Current structural understanding of different vanadate compositions is critically examined, along with the impact of glass structure on properties and practical applications. Future research directions and commercial applications are discussed with consideration of the previously discussed topics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic behavior of atomic clusters during structural relaxation in metallic glasses","authors":"Siyuan Zha ,&nbsp;Akihiko Hirata","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To understand the relationship between static structures, characterized by the well-known Voronoi polyhedra, and the structural relaxation process of metallic glasses, the structural changes associated with different atomic clusters during isothermal processes at 300 and 900 K in Zr₈₀Pt₂₀ are investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. These two temperatures are characterized by plateau and slope regions in the self-intermediate scattering function profiles. Atomic clusters are tracked based on their Voronoi polyhedra, and the fraction of atomic clusters that maintain their original structure during the relaxation processes is calculated to determine their structural persistence. Particularly at 300 K, the structural persistence of each atomic cluster follows a power law when the caging effect is strong, despite the total fraction of each atomic cluster being largely unchanged. Moreover, the structural persistence of the major atomic clusters is closely related to the number of pentagonal faces in the Voronoi polyhedra.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between viscosity, foaming, and structure of tundish fluxes for plasma heating with addition of alkali metal carbonates","authors":"Ye Sun ,&nbsp;Jiangtao Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Cun Wang ,&nbsp;Shufeng Yang ,&nbsp;Jingshe Li ,&nbsp;Feilong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimizing the foaming characteristics of tundish coating agent is a challenging task, which affects the heating efficiency of plasma and increases the smelting cost. In this work, the foaming behavior of CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂₋MgO-Fe₂O₃ slag systems modified with Li₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, Rb₂CO₃, and Cs₂CO₃ was systematically investigated using the electrical current method. Additionally, the continuous cooling viscosity of the slags was monitored to evaluate their temperature-dependent rheological properties. The structural characteristics of the slags were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy and ²⁷Al magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR). The results demonstrate that the addition of Li₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, Rb₂CO₃, and Cs₂CO₃ significantly enhances slag foaming performance. The stable bubble volume fraction increases from 17.93 % to 85.92 %, while viscosity rises from 0.1174 Pa·s to 0.2054 Pa·s. The BO/Si ratio increases from 0.739 to 2.215, indicating enhanced polymerization of the [SiO₄]^4- tetrahedral network and a higher degree of polymerization (DOP). Concurrently, the area fraction of AlO₄ decreases from 71 % to 34 %, while that of AlO₅ increases from 27 % to 64 %. This shift reflects greater polymerization of the aluminosilicate network, improving thermal stability and effectively enhancing slag foaming performance. Among the studied systems, the K₂CO₃-modified slag exhibits optimal industrial applicability, achieving a maximum foaming efficiency of 30.33 %/min at 1600 °C, an average bubble volume fraction of 80.87 % during defoaming, and a viscosity of 0.1765 Pa·s. Combined with its favorable raw material costs, this system is well-suited for industrial applications. The findings of this study may provide a viable pathway to improve the efficiency of plasma heating technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of phosphorus on the structural nonhomogeneity and dielectric properties of alkaline earth aluminoborosilicate glasses","authors":"Maoyuan Yang ,&nbsp;Chunyu Chen ,&nbsp;Rui Yang ,&nbsp;Qun Zu ,&nbsp;Sanxi Huang ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Huidan Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkaline earth borosilicate glass with excellent dielectric properties and matching coefficient of thermal expansion is a promising material for glass core substrates. It is vital to understand the effect of P₂O₅ on the network structure and dielectronic properties of alkaline earth aluminoborosilicate glasses (nP₂O₅-(1-n)[9.4CaO-4.9MgO-11.6Al₂O₃–21.7B₂O₃–52.5SiO₂] mol%, <em>n</em> = 0–0.06) for development of the next generation of dielectric glass substrates for electronics. Interestingly, our data indicate that when P₂​O₅​ &lt; 3 mol%, both the dielectric constant (ε_r) and dielectric loss (tanδ) decrease, whereas both ε_r​ and tanδ increase with P₂​O_5<!--> &gt; 3 mol%. These results suggest that the moderate loading of P₂​O₅​ induces inhomogeneity in the network, ultimately leading to changes in the trends of both the dielectric constant and dielectric loss in the system. The former results in the inhomogeneity of silicate network structure due to the formation of P-O-Al bonds, while the latter results in loose structure due to the appearance of pyrophosphate structure. The sample with 3 mol% P₂O₅ exhibits optimal dielectric properties, ε_r 4.10 and tanδ 1.60 × 10⁻⁴ at 1MHz, CTE 3.4 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ at 300K matching with the silicon wafer, plus excellent VH 567 kgf/mm². The thermal expansion coefficient and microhardness are mainly affected by the oxygen environment in the glass network. Our research provides a theoretical basis for the development of low-dielectric glasses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123503"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of magnesia and lime on the durability of synthetic basaltic glasses","authors":"James T Mansfield ,&nbsp;CT Tang ,&nbsp;Clare L. Thorpe ,&nbsp;Claire L. Corkhill ,&nbsp;Mike T. Harrison ,&nbsp;Russell J Hand","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of varying <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mo>[</mo><mtext>MgO</mtext><mo>]</mo></mrow><mrow><mo>[</mo><mtext>MgO</mtext><mo>]</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>[</mo><mtext>CaO</mtext><mo>]</mo></mrow></mfrac></math></span> ratios on the chemical durability of a series of synthetic basaltic glasses is examined via monolith (MCC-1) and powder (PCT-B) tests for times up to 1800 days (MCC-1) or 224 days (PCT-B). It is demonstrated that the magnesium-rich compositions generally have a lower durability than the calcium rich ones. For the shorter MCC-1 tests the normalised losses of all elements increase with time but at longer times both Mg and Al are removed from solution. Higher Mg content basaltic glasses developed thicker alteration layers with reduced Al and Mg contents along with secondary precipitates (potentially aluminous hectorite clays). The laboratory assessed alteration rates, based on alteration layer thicknesses from the accelerated MCC-1 tests at 90 °C, are demonstrated to be at least 2 orders of magnitude greater than the alteration rates reported for natural basalts in a range of continental and oceanic settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"656 ","pages":"Article 123500"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of performance and crystallization behavior of glass-ceramics from industrial solid waste using response surface methodology","authors":"Jiaqi Xu ,&nbsp;Pan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the development of high-value added glass-ceramics from low-value industrial solid waste, employing response surface method (RSM) for optimization and evaluation. The effects of CaF₂, MgO, CaO content and Si/Al ratio on key properties — water absorption, acid resistance, alkali resistance and density were systematically investigated. The optimal composition was determined to comprise 25 wt.% CaF₂, 8 wt.% MgO, 9 wt.% CaO and a Si/Al ratio of 1.8. Predicted value for water absorption, acid resistance, alkali resistance and density were 0.02863 %, 100.014 %, 100.015 % and 2.927 g/cm³, respectively. The corresponding experimental values were 0.029 %, 99.97 %, 99.98 % and 2.94 g/cm³, showing excellent agreement with the model predictions and validating the reliability of the RSM approach. The microscopic mechanism underlying the optimal composition were explored through Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The parent glass exhibited volume crystallization, characterized by crystal growth and formed, precipitation through a three-dimensional interface. At 700 °C, CaF₂ crystals formed as small, well-dispersed particles. As the heat treatment temperature increased, the crystalline phased evolved, with the formation of anorthite and calcium aluminum fluoride silicate, which led to significant grain growth and crystal aggregation. This research provides a theoretical basis for the efficient utilization of industrial solid waste, demonstrating for conversion into high-value glass-ceramics, thereby contributing to sustainable resource development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-step microwave synthesis of high-yield silica nanoparticles and the quenching mechanism of Fe and Hg ions","authors":"Ziyao Zhao ,&nbsp;Kuixian Wei ,&nbsp;Hui Wu ,&nbsp;Ning Tan ,&nbsp;Wenhui Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluorescent silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have application prospects in cell imaging, optoelectronic devices, and ion detection due to their excellent optical properties, low cytotoxicity, and diverse array of surface modification methods. However, their low product yield using current preparation processes limits their further development. In this study, a high-yield one-step microwave hydrothermal synthesis method of fluorescent silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) was developed using 3-thiocyanopropyl triethoxysilane (3-TCPTES) as the silicon source and sodium citrate as the reductant. The product yield was 91.1 %, and the quantum yield (QY) was 49.1 %. In addition, the mechanism of SiNPs fluorescence quenching by different ions was analyzed, and the quenching contribution ratio of different mechanisms was estimated. The results showed that this method greatly improved the yield of SiNPs while maintaining their excellent luminescent properties and low cytotoxicity, which provides a new method for the large-scale production of high-quality SiNPs. The unique functional group structure on the surface of SiNPs realized fluorescence quenching by changing the proportion of Fe³⁺ and Hg²⁺ ions via static quenching, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and aggregation-caused quenching, giving them potential applications as fluorescent probes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"657 ","pages":"Article 123504"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}