{"title":"There are no rights ‘in’ cyberspace","authors":"Mark Graham","doi":"10.4337/9781785367724.00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367724.00008","url":null,"abstract":"Rights are always bounded, granted, bestowed, enjoyed, received, performed, and violated in real, physical places. The chapter argues that just because actions or interactions happen ‘online’ – or mediated by digital networks – does not mean that they happen in any sort of alternate sphere or space beyond the laws, norms and principles that apply and are practiced elsewhere. \u0000 \u0000It posits that we have often taken a wrong turn in discussions about digital politics and rights by relying on inaccurate and unhelpful spatial metaphors. In particular, the chapter focuses on the usage of the ‘cyberspace’ metaphor and outlines why the reliance by con- temporary policy-makers on this inherently geographic metaphor matters. The metaphor constrains, enables and structures very distinct ways of imagining the interactions between people, information, code and machines through digital networks. These distinct imaginations, in turn, have real effects on how we enact politics and bring places into being. \u0000 \u0000The chapter traces the history of ‘cyberspace’, explores the scope of its current usage, and highlights the discursive power of its distinct way of shaping our spatial imagination of the Internet. It then concludes by arguing that we should take the lead in employing alternate, nuanced and spatially grounded ways of envisioning the myriad ways in which the Internet mediates social, economic and political experiences.","PeriodicalId":164397,"journal":{"name":"Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126829623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human rights futures for the internet","authors":"M. I. Franklin","doi":"10.4337/9781785367724.00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367724.00007","url":null,"abstract":"In a digitally connected world, the question of how to respect, protect and implement human rights has become unavoidable. This contemporary Handbook offers new insights into well-established debates by framing them in terms of human rights. It examines the issues posed by the management of key Internet resources, the governance of its architecture, the role of different stakeholders, the legitimacy of rule making and rule-enforcement, and the exercise of international public authority over users. Highly interdisciplinary, its contributions draw on law, political science, international relations and even computer science and science and technology studies. \u0000 \u0000This chapter considers the longer-term implications that revelations of state-sanctioned programs of online snooping at a global level have had on human rights agendas for internet media and communications. These revelations in 2013 lifted the lid on the indiscriminate data-retention practices of powerful internet service-providers that include governments as well as corporate actors. The implications for the enjoyment and protection of our human rights online, but also offline, have fuelled power struggles over ownership and control of future internet-policymaking. Meanwhile public-private partnerships are being consolidated to “connect the next billion”, now part of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, in policy-making consultations that ostensibly include everyone under the auspices of “multistakeholder participation” and which recognize human rights online, in principle. How does what citizens may know, not yet know, or not want to know about the extent of both governmental and corporate exploitation of the data generated by everyday life online affect our work as scholars, activists, educators, technical and legal experts, or as public intellectuals engaging in human rights advocacy for the internet (however defined)?","PeriodicalId":164397,"journal":{"name":"Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122128454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Germany’s recent intelligence reform revisited: a wolf in sheep’s clothing?","authors":"T. Wetzling","doi":"10.4337/9781785367724.00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367724.00020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":164397,"journal":{"name":"Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116811750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond national security, the emergence of a digital reason of state(s) led by transnational guilds of sensitive information: the case of the Five Eyes Plus network","authors":"D. Bigo","doi":"10.4337/9781785367724.00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367724.00009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":164397,"journal":{"name":"Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125482231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"International organizations and digital human rights","authors":"W. Benedek","doi":"10.4337/9781785367724.00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367724.00028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":164397,"journal":{"name":"Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114436299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital copyright and human rights: a balancing of competing obligations, or is there no conflict?","authors":"B. Farrand","doi":"10.4337/9781785367724.00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367724.00010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":164397,"journal":{"name":"Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124501046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reflections on access to the Internet in Cuba as a human right","authors":"Raudiel F. Peña Barrios","doi":"10.4337/9781785367724.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367724.00018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":164397,"journal":{"name":"Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology","volume":"216 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127445840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surveillance reform: revealing surveillance harms and engaging reform tactics","authors":"Evan Light, Jonathan A. Obar","doi":"10.4337/9781785367724.00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367724.00019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":164397,"journal":{"name":"Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126241624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘This is not a drill’: international law and protection of cybersecurity","authors":"M. Kettemann","doi":"10.4337/9781785367724.00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367724.00014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":164397,"journal":{"name":"Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122580228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"First do no harm: the potential of harm being caused to fundamental rights and freedoms by state cybersecurity interventions","authors":"D. Korff","doi":"10.4337/9781785367724.00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367724.00015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":164397,"journal":{"name":"Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128938704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}