Journal of natural toxins最新文献

Development of Monoclonal Antibody Anti-African Bitis arietans Snake Toxin Phospholipase A2 抗非洲蛇毒素磷脂酶A2单克隆抗体的研制

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.13188/2328-1723.1000020

引用次数: 1

The occurrence of mycotoxins in key commodities in Bangladesh: surveillance results from 1993 to 1995. 孟加拉国主要商品中真菌毒素的发生:1993年至1995年的监测结果。

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 2002-12-01

Mamtaz Dawlatana, Raymond D Coker, Martin J Nagler, Christopher P Wild, Mohammad S Hassan, Gerald Blunden

{"title":"The occurrence of mycotoxins in key commodities in Bangladesh: surveillance results from 1993 to 1995.","authors":"Mamtaz Dawlatana, Raymond D Coker, Martin J Nagler, Christopher P Wild, Mohammad S Hassan, Gerald Blunden","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A three-year surveillance program assessed the extent of mycotoxin contamination of key foods and feeds grown in Bangladesh. The study also included groundnuts utilized as snack food. In the first two phases of the program the samples collected were analyzed only for aflatoxins, but in the third phase, as well as for aflatoxins, samples were tested for the presence of fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, and T-2 toxin. Of the foods and feeds tested, the incidence of aflatoxin contamination varied from low (rice collected from farmers' stores, 8%) to high (maize, 67%). However, both the average total aflatoxin contents (< 1.0 microg/kg) and the maximum aflatoxin B1 contents (< or = 5.0 microg/kg) recorded for pulses, rice and its various products, and wheat were low. On the other hand, the levels of contamination of maize, roasted and raw groundnuts, and poultry feed were considerably higher, with average total aflatoxin B1 contents of 33, 13, 65, and 7 microg/kg, respectively, and maximum aflatoxin B1 contents of 245, 79, 480, and 160 microg/kg, respectively. Fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, and T-2 toxin were found, to any significant extent, only in some of the maize samples tested, always accompanied by aflatoxins. One sample of maize contained five mycotoxins, namely, the aflatoxins, fumonisin B1, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and ochratoxin A. In a limited trial using hospital staff in Dhaka, the analysis of the aflatoxin-albumin adduct in serum showed that approximately half of the test group had been recently exposed to low levels of aflatoxins.","PeriodicalId":16437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural toxins","volume":"11 4","pages":"379-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22173591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological activities of the crude skin toxin of the Suez Gulf oriental catfish (Plotosus lineatus) and its antitumor effect in vivo (mice). 苏伊士海湾东方鲶鱼(Plotosus lineatus)粗皮毒素的生物活性及其体内(小鼠)抗肿瘤作用。

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 2002-12-01

Fawzia A Fahim, Amr Y Esmat, Essam A Mady, Samira M Ahmed, Mohamed A Zaki

{"title":"Biological activities of the crude skin toxin of the Suez Gulf oriental catfish (Plotosus lineatus) and its antitumor effect in vivo (mice).","authors":"Fawzia A Fahim, Amr Y Esmat, Essam A Mady, Samira M Ahmed, Mohamed A Zaki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative determination of newly reported enzymes activity in the crude skin toxin (CST) of catfish revealed highest activities of hyaluronidase and lipase, lesser activities of phospholipase A2, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cholinesterase (CE), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and aspartate transaminase (AST), and least activities of proteinase and 5-nucleotidase (5'-NT). The CST has a hemolytic activity of 54% and no ichthyotoxicity up to 500 ug/ml. The chosen dose of CST (LD12.5) showed a potential cytotoxic activity against solid Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice demonstrated by an increase in the mean survival time (238.8%) and tumor growth inhibition ratio (T/C) of 73%. The CST ameliorated the relative weights of heart and liver after three weeks, while modulating the elevation in the relative spleen weight throughout the treatment periods (three, six, and nine weeks). The levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and liver total lipids were normalized after three weeks, whereas the serum albumin and hepatic glycogen concentrations, as well as ALT, AST, 5'-NT, and G-6-Pase activities were ameliorated after 6 weeks. Serum levels of glucose, LDH, and creatine kinase (CK) activities were significantly modulated throughout the treatment periods. Histological examinations of the tumor and liver tissues of treated tumor-bearing animals were carried out. Tumor tissues showed many cytolytic and cytopathic changes after treatment, while liver tissues showed moderate dysplastic changes after six weeks of treatment, which became more marked after nine weeks.","PeriodicalId":16437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural toxins","volume":"11 4","pages":"283-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22174848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 2002-12-01

Binie V Lipps

引用次数: 0

L-amino acid oxidase from Trimeresurus jerdonii snake venom: purification, characterization, platelet aggregation-inducing and antibacterial effects. 大鼠蛇毒l -氨基酸氧化酶的纯化、鉴定、诱导血小板聚集及抑菌作用。

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 2002-12-01

Qiu-Min Lu, Qin Wei, Yang Jin, Ji-Fu Wei, Wan-Yu Wang, Yu-Liang Xiong

{"title":"L-amino acid oxidase from Trimeresurus jerdonii snake venom: purification, characterization, platelet aggregation-inducing and antibacterial effects.","authors":"Qiu-Min Lu, Qin Wei, Yang Jin, Ji-Fu Wei, Wan-Yu Wang, Yu-Liang Xiong","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"An L-amino acid oxidase (LAO), designated as TJ-LAO, was purified to homogeneity from the venom of Trimeresurus jerdonii by Sephadex G-100 and Q Sepharose HP chromatography. The molecular weight of this enzyme was 110 kD as estimated by analytical gel filtration and was 55 kD by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, suggesting that the enzyme is composed of two subunits. The enzyme has an absorption spectrum characteristic of flavoproteins, containing 2 moles of FMN per mole of enzyme. The N-terminal sequence of TJ-LAO shares high homology with other viperid snake venom LAOs. Homology with elapid venom LAO is lower. TJ-LAO inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus megaterium. The antibacterial effect associated with LAO activity was elminated with the addition of catalase. Platelets in platelet-rich plasma aggregated upon the addition of TJ-LAO. The enzyme-induced aggregation was inhibited by catalase, suggesting formation of H2O2 was essential for TJ-LAO to induce platelet aggregation. These results showed H2O2 formation is important for the biological effects of LAO.","PeriodicalId":16437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural toxins","volume":"11 4","pages":"345-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22173587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heptyl prodigiosin, a bacterial metabolite, is antimalarial in vivo and non-mutagenic in vitro. Heptyl prodigiin是一种细菌代谢物，体内抗疟，体外无诱变作用。

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 2002-12-01

J Enrico H Lazaro, Josiane Nitcheu, Rey Z Predicala, Gina C Mangalindan, Fabrice Nesslany, Daniel Marzin, Gisela P Concepcion, Bertrand Diquet

引用次数: 0

Fishing for bioactive substances from scorpionfish and some sea urchins. 从蝎子鱼和一些海胆中捕捞生物活性物质。

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 2002-12-01

F Satoh, H Nakagawa, H Yamada, K Nagasaka, T Nagasaka, Y Araki, Y Tomihara, M Nozaki, H Sakuraba, T Ohshima, T Hatakeyama, H Aoyagi

{"title":"Fishing for bioactive substances from scorpionfish and some sea urchins.","authors":"F Satoh, H Nakagawa, H Yamada, K Nagasaka, T Nagasaka, Y Araki, Y Tomihara, M Nozaki, H Sakuraba, T Ohshima, T Hatakeyama, H Aoyagi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Venom proteins from the dorsal spine of two scorpionfish, Hypodytes rubripinnis and Synanceia verrucosa were assayed for mitogenicity and cytotoxicity. The two venoms had both mitogenic and cytotoxic activity on murine splenocytes and murine P388 leukemic cells. In H. rubripinnis, the second gel chromatographic fraction showed cytotoxic activity on P388 leukemic cells. On native PAGE, the glycoprotein isolated by concavalin A sepharose chromatography appeared to have a molecular mass of 110 kDa. In addition, two D-galactose-binding lectins (SUL-I and SUL-II) and a heparin-binding lectin (TGL-I) were purified from the globiferous pedicellariae of the toxopneustid sea urchins, Toxopneustes pileolus and Tripneustes gratilla, respectively. SUL-I (Nakagawa et al., 1999a) had mitogenic activity and cytotoxic activity but SUL-II and TGL-I did not. SUL-I did not show sequence homology to SUL-II. A hemolytic lectin with a molecular mass of 29 kDa was isolated from the coelomic fluid of T. gratilla. The hemolytic activity of the lectin was dependent on Ca2+ concentration and inhibited by lactose. The present results suggest that some species of scorpionfish and sea urchins may be novel sources for biologically active substances such as anti-tumor compounds or new lectins.","PeriodicalId":16437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural toxins","volume":"11 4","pages":"297-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22174850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross neutralization of dangerous snake venoms from Africa and the Middle East using the VACSERA polyvalent antivenom. Egyptian Organization for Biological Products & Vaccines. 使用VACSERA多价抗蛇毒血清交叉中和来自非洲和中东的危险蛇毒。埃及生物制品和疫苗组织。

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 2002-12-01

Salwa S Seddik, Soheir Wanas, Madiha H Helmy, Mohamed Hashem

{"title":"Cross neutralization of dangerous snake venoms from Africa and the Middle East using the VACSERA polyvalent antivenom. Egyptian Organization for Biological Products & Vaccines.","authors":"Salwa S Seddik, Soheir Wanas, Madiha H Helmy, Mohamed Hashem","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed to assess the ability of polyvalent snake venom anti-serum, produced by the Egyptian Organization for Biological Products & Vaccines (VACSERA), to neutralize several toxic activities of snake venoms, not only of those included in the antivenom mixture, but also some additional venoms of snakes from Egyptian, African, and Middle Eastern habitats. In general, the results revealed that polyvalent snake venom anti-serum from VACSERA is highly effective in neutralizing Egyptian snake venoms, especially Naja haje, Naja nigricolles, Naja pallida, Cerastes cerastes, Cerastes cerastes cerastes, Cerastes vipera, Pseudocerastes persicus fieldi, and Walterinnisia egyptia. The antivenom was also effective against Naja haje, Walterinnisia egyptia, and Bites aritans from Saudi Arabia. High activity was obtained against venoms from Naja haje, Naja nigricolles, and Naja pallida of Sudan, as well as the African Naja melanoleuca, Naja mossambica, Naja naja oxiana, Bites gabonica, and Vipera lebetina. Only moderate effectiveness was obtained with Echis coloratus and Echis carinatus, and the polyvalent antiserum was ineffective against the venom of Naja nivea.","PeriodicalId":16437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural toxins","volume":"11 4","pages":"329-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22174855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First evidence on occurrence of gymnodimine in clams from Tunisia. 突尼斯蛤中出现裸子碱的首个证据。

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 2002-12-01

Ronel Biré, Sophie Krys, Jean-Marc Frémy, Sylviane Dragacci, David Stirling, Riadh Kharrat

引用次数: 0

Effects of toxic dinoflagellates and toxin biotransformation in bivalves. 有毒鞭毛藻对双壳类生物转化的影响。

Journal of natural toxins Pub Date : 2002-12-01

Ya-Hui Lu, Deng-Fwu Hwang

{"title":"Effects of toxic dinoflagellates and toxin biotransformation in bivalves.","authors":"Ya-Hui Lu, Deng-Fwu Hwang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Attempts were made to elucidate the different responses of shellfish to paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) and the PSP donor Alexandrium minutum T1. Five species of edible bivalves (Crassostrea gigas, Meretrix lusoria, Mytilus edulis, Ruditapes philippinarum, and Soletellina diphos) were collected and examined for susceptibility to PSP and PSP donor. It was determined that all five bivalves had low susceptibility to PSP following an intramuscular injection (> 300 MU/20 g). The abnormal effects on bivalves were species-specific and varied with the concentration of A. minutum T1. Judging from the LC50 data (medium lethal concentration), the resistance of bivalves to the toxic dinoflagellate was as follows (least to most resistant): C. gigas < R. philippinarum < M. lusoria < M. edulis, S. diphos. With the exception of S. diphos, the bivalves accumulated very little toxin (< 2 MU/g edible tissue) when they were exposed to 10(7) cells/L of A. minutum for four days. The toxin levels in S. diphos increased with exposure time to the toxic dinoflagellates and accumulated primarily in the digestive gland (88-100%), followed by the gill (0-10%), and other organs (0-8%). Although the concentrations of toxin components in the digestive gland were found to be variable during the exposure period, the toxin profile in the digestive gland of S. diphos during the early exposure period was similar to that of A. minutum. Moreover, toxin components in the gills and in other organs were retained at near constant concentrations during the exposure period.","PeriodicalId":16437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural toxins","volume":"11 4","pages":"315-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22174852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0