Journal of Neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Brain lesion microstructure in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein disease","authors":"Caterina Lapucci,&nbsp;Vincenzo Daniele Boccia,&nbsp;Thoma Dario Clementi,&nbsp;Simona Schiavi,&nbsp;Luana Benedetti,&nbsp;Antonio Uccelli,&nbsp;Giovanni Novi,&nbsp;Maria Cellerino,&nbsp;Matilde Inglese","doi":"10.1111/jon.13218","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jon.13218","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) diagnosis are based on the presence of serological and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), neurites orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), and the Spherical Mean Technique (SMT) may be helpful to provide a microstructural characterization of the different types of white matter lesions and give an insight about their different pathological mechanisms. The aim of the study was to characterize microstructural differences between brain typical lesions (TLs) and nontypical lesions (nTLs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 17 NMOSD and MOGAD patients [9 Aquaporin4 (AQP4) + NMO, 2 seronegative-NMO, 6 MOGAD] underwent MRI scans on a 3 Tesla MAGNETON PRISMA. Diffusion parameters (fractional anisotropy; mean diffusivity [MD]; intracellular volume fraction [ICVF]; extra-neurite transverse diffusivity; and extra-neurite MD; neurite signal fraction) were obtained using DTI, NODDI, and SMT. Microstructural parameters within lesions were compared through a generalized linear model using age, sex, and total lesion volume as covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In NMOSD/MOGAD whole cohort (total lesions = 477), TLs showed increased MD and decreased ICVF compared to nTLs (<i>p</i> &lt; .05), indicating higher inflammation and axonal loss. Similar results were found also in the AQP4 + NMO subgroup (decreased ICVF, <i>p</i> &lt; .05). Furthermore, in NMOSD/MOGAD whole cohort and in AQP4 + NMO subgroup, TLs showed a trend toward higher EXRATRANS than nTLs, suggesting a more severe degree of demyelination within TLs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TLs and nTLs in NMOSD/MOGAD showed different diffusion MRI-derived microstructural features, with TLs showing a more severe degree of inflammation and fiber disruption with respect to nTLs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"34 4","pages":"459-465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.13218","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of bedside manual versus automated measurements of brain arterial diameters from MR angiography","authors":"Nicolas D. Garzon-Mancera,&nbsp;Farid Khasiyev,&nbsp;Victor J. Del Brutto,&nbsp;Antonio J. Spagnolo Allende,&nbsp;Clinton B. Wright,&nbsp;Mitchell Elkind,&nbsp;Tatjana Rundek,&nbsp;Oscar H. Del Brutto,&nbsp;Jose Gutierrez","doi":"10.1111/jon.13217","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jon.13217","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brain arterial luminal diameters are reliably measured with automated imaging software. Nonautomated imaging software alternatives such as a Picture Archiving Communication System are more common bedside tools used for manual measurement. This study is aimed at validating manual measurements against automated methods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We randomly selected 600 participants from the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) and 260 participants from the Atahualpa Project studied with 1.5 Tesla MR angiography. Using the Radiant measuring tool, three independent readers (general practitioner, neurology resident, and vascular neurologist) measured manually the diameter of arterial brain vessels. The same vessels were also measured by LKEB Automated Vessel Analysis (LAVA). We calculated the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of each rater's diameters versus those obtained with LAVA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ICC between diameters obtained by the general practitioner or the neurology resident compared to LAVA was excellent for both internal carotid arteries (ICA) and Basilar Arteries (BA) (ICC &gt; .80 in all comparisons) in NOMAS. In the Atahualpa Project, ICC between diameters obtained by a vascular neurologist and LAVA was good for both ICA and BA (ICC &gt; .60 in all comparisons). The ICCs for the measurements of the remaining arteries were moderate to poor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results suggest that manual measurements of ICA and BA diameters, but not MCA or ACA, are valid and could be used to identify dilated brain arteries at the bedside and for eventual selection of patients with dolichoectasia into clinical trials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"34 5","pages":"588-594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium signal intensity of CSF using 1H-guided 23Na-MRI as a potential noninvasive biomarker in Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Hans-Ulrich Kerl,&nbsp;Hakim Baazaoui,&nbsp;Katrin Herrmann,&nbsp;Anne Adlung,&nbsp;Nadia K. Ludwig,&nbsp;Lucrezia Hausner,&nbsp;Lutz Frölich,&nbsp;Lothar Schad,&nbsp;Christoph Groden,&nbsp;Sherif A. Mohamed","doi":"10.1111/jon.13216","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jon.13216","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline and mnestic deficits. The pathophysiology of AD is not fully understood, which renders the development of accurate tools for early diagnosis and effective therapies exceedingly difficult. In this study, we investigated the use of ²³Na-MRI to measure the relative sodium signal intensities (rSSIs) in CSF in patients with AD and healthy controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We prospectively recruited 11 patients with biomarker-diagnosed early-stage AD, as well as 12 cognitively healthy age-matched controls. All participants underwent ²³Na-MRI to measure rSSI. Statistical analyses were performed to compare CSF sodium signal intensities between groups and to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of the rSSI in the diagnosis of AD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RSSIs in CSF were significantly higher in AD patients (mean = 68.6% ± 7.7%) compared to healthy controls (mean = 56.9% ± 5.5%) (<i>p</i> &lt; .001). There was also a significant negative correlation between rSSI in CSF and hippocampus and amygdala volumes (<i>r</i> = −.54 and −.49, <i>p</i> &lt; .05) as well as a positive correlation with total CSF volumes (<i>r</i> = .81, <i>p</i> &lt; .05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed high diagnostic accuracy for rSSI in discriminating between AD patients and healthy controls (area under the curve = .94).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study provides evidence that rSSI in CSF is increased in AD patients in comparison to healthy controls. rSSI may serve as a potential marker for early detection and monitoring of disease progression. Larger, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings and to investigate the association between rSSI in CSF and the severity of cognitive impairment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"34 5","pages":"619-626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.13216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower admission stroke severity is associated with good collateral status in distal medium vessel occlusion stroke","authors":"Janet Mei,&nbsp;Hamza A. Salim,&nbsp;Dhairya A. Lakhani,&nbsp;Aneri Balar,&nbsp;Basel Musmar,&nbsp;Nimer Adeeb,&nbsp;Meisam Hoseinyazdi,&nbsp;Licia Luna,&nbsp;Francis Deng,&nbsp;Nathan Z. Hyson,&nbsp;Adam A. Dmytriw,&nbsp;Adrien Guenego,&nbsp;Tobias D. Faizy,&nbsp;Jeremy J. Heit,&nbsp;Gregory W. Albers,&nbsp;Victor C. Urrutia,&nbsp;Raf Llinas,&nbsp;Elisabeth B. Marsh,&nbsp;Argye E. Hillis,&nbsp;Kambiz Nael,&nbsp;Vivek S. Yedavalli","doi":"10.1111/jon.13208","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jon.13208","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) are a significant contributor to acute ischemic stroke (AIS), with collateral status (CS) playing a pivotal role in modulating ischemic damage progression. We aimed to explore baseline characteristics associated with CS in AIS-DMVO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database enrolled 130 AIS-DMVO patients from two comprehensive stroke centers. Baseline characteristics, including patient demographics, admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, admission Los Angeles Motor Scale (LAMS) score, and co-morbidities, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and history of transient ischemic attack or stroke, were collected. The analysis was dichotomized to good CS, reflected by hypoperfusion index ratio (HIR) &lt;.3, versus poor CS, reflected by HIR ≥.3.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Good CS was observed in 34% of the patients. As to the occluded location, 43.8% occurred in proximal M2, 16.9% in mid M2, 35.4% in more distal middle cerebral artery, and 3.8% in distal anterior cerebral artery. In multivariate logistic analysis, a lower NIHSS score and a lower LAMS score were both independently associated with a good CS (odds ratio [OR]: 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82-0.95, <i>p</i> &lt; .001 and OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.62-0.96, <i>p</i> = .018, respectively). Patients with poor CS were more likely to manifest as moderate to severe stroke (29.1% vs. 4.5%, <i>p</i> &lt; .001), while patients with good CS had a significantly higher chance of having a minor stroke clinically (40.9% vs. 12.8%, <i>p</i> &lt; .001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CS remains an important determinant in the severity of AIS-DMVO. Collateral enhancement strategies may be a worthwhile pursuit in AIS-DMVO patients with more severe initial stroke presentation, which can be swiftly identified by the concise LAMS and serves as a proxy for underlying poor CS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"34 4","pages":"424-429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the transcranial Doppler rescue criteria for mechanical thrombectomy","authors":"Adnan Khan,&nbsp;Maher Saqqur,&nbsp;Ashfaq Shuaib,&nbsp;Khurshid Khan,&nbsp;Vijay K. Sharma,&nbsp;Alejandro Brunser,&nbsp;Jürgen Eggers,&nbsp;Robert Mikulik,&nbsp;Aristeidis H. Katsanos,&nbsp;Theodore N. Sergentanis,&nbsp;Konstantinos Vadikolias,&nbsp;Marta Rubiera,&nbsp;Reza Bavarsad Shahripour,&nbsp;Huy Thang Nguyen,&nbsp;Patricia Martínez-Sánchez,&nbsp;Apostolos Safouris,&nbsp;Ioannis Heliopoulos,&nbsp;Abdul Salam,&nbsp;Carol Derksen,&nbsp;Konstantinos Voumvourakis,&nbsp;Theodora Psaltopoulou,&nbsp;Anne W. Alexandrov,&nbsp;Andrei V. Alexandrov,&nbsp;Georgios Tsivgoulis,&nbsp;CLOTBUST-PRO Investigators","doi":"10.1111/jon.13207","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jon.13207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transcranial Doppler (TCD) identifies acute stroke patients with arterial occlusion where treatment may not effectively open the blocked vessel. This study aimed to examine the clinical utility and prognostic value of TCD flow findings in patients enrolled in a multicenter prospective study (CLOTBUST-PRO).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients enrolled with intracranial occlusion on computed tomography angiography (CTA) who underwent urgent TCD evaluation before intravenous thrombolysis was included in this analysis. TCD findings were assessed using the mean flow velocity (MFV) ratio, comparing the reciprocal ratios of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) depths bilaterally (affected MCA-to-contralateral MCA MFV [aMCA/cMCA MFV ratio]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 222 patients with intracranial occlusion on CTA were included in the study (mean age: 64 ± 14 years, 62% men). Eighty-eight patients had M1 MCA occlusions; baseline mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 16, and a 24-hour mean NIHSS score was 10 points. An aMCA/cMCA MFV ratio of &lt;.6 had a sensitivity of 99%, specificity of 16%, positive predictive value (PV) of 60%, and negative PV of 94% for identifying large vessel occlusion (LVO) including M1 MCA, terminal internal carotid artery, or tandem ICA/MCA. Thrombolysis in Brain Ischemia scale, with (grade ≥1) compared to without flow (grade 0), showed a sensitivity of 17.1%, specificity of 86.9%, positive PV of 62%, and negative PV of 46% for identifying LVO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TCD is a valuable modality for evaluating arterial circulation in acute ischemic stroke patients, demonstrating significant potential as a screening tool for intravenous/intra-arterial lysis protocols.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"34 4","pages":"430-437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.13207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141097144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal myelin content measures of slowly expanding lesions using 7T MRI in multiple sclerosis","authors":"Mina M. Huerta,&nbsp;Devon S. Conway,&nbsp;Sarah M. Planchon,&nbsp;Bhaskar Thoomukuntla,&nbsp;Oh Se-Hong,&nbsp;Ken E. Sakaie,&nbsp;Daniel Ontaneda,&nbsp;Kunio Nakamura","doi":"10.1111/jon.13209","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jon.13209","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Slowly expanding lesions (SELs) are thought to represent a subset of chronic active lesions and have been associated with clinical disability, severity, and disease progression. The purpose of this study was to characterize SELs using advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures related to myelin and neurite density on 7 Tesla (T) MRI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study design was retrospective, longitudinal, observational cohort with multiple sclerosis (<i>n</i> = 15). Magnetom 7T scanner was used to acquire magnetization-prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echo and advanced MRI including visualization of short transverse relaxation time component (ViSTa) for myelin, quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) for myelin, and neurite orientation dispersion density imaging (NODDI). SELs were defined as lesions showing ≥12% of growth over 12 months on serial MRI. Comparisons of quantitative measures in SELs and non-SELs were performed at baseline and over time. Statistical analyses included two-sample <i>t</i>-test, analysis of variance, and mixed-effects linear model for MRI metrics between lesion types.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 1075 lesions were evaluated. Two hundred twenty-four lesions (21%) were SELs, and 216 (96%) of the SELs were black holes. At baseline, compared to non-SELs, SELs showed significantly lower ViSTa (1.38 vs. 1.53, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) and qMT (2.47 vs. 2.97, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) but not in NODDI measures (<i>p</i> &gt; .27). Longitudinally, only ViSTa showed a greater loss when comparing SEL and non-SEL (<i>p</i> = .03).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SELs have a lower myelin content relative to non-SELs without a difference in neurite measures. SELs showed a longitudinal decrease in apparent myelin water fraction reflecting greater tissue injury.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"34 4","pages":"451-458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.13209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141081480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nerve cross-sectional area in advanced uremic neuropathy: A nerve ultrasound pilot study","authors":"Jan-Hendrik Tosberg,&nbsp;Hannah Mork,&nbsp;Rafael Klimas,&nbsp;Jörg Radermacher,&nbsp;Peter Dieter Schellinger,&nbsp;Jörg Philipps","doi":"10.1111/jon.13205","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jon.13205","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Uremic neuropathy (UN) is a disabling neuropathy in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) affecting the majority of patients receiving long-term hemodialysis (HD). One previous nerve ultrasound study reported an increased cross-sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve in moderate UN, while another study found enlarged sural nerves in small-fiber polyneuropathy associated with ESKD. The present cohort study aims to analyze bilateral CSA of multiple nerves in UN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten nondiabetic ESKD patients with UN on HD for at least 2 years and 10 healthy age-matched controls underwent bilateral ultrasound examinations with CSA measurements in 13 arm and leg nerve sites. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) and the total neuropathy score (TNS) were recorded. Pearson's coefficient and the Mann-Whitney <i>U</i>-test were used to analyze correlations and compare groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ESKD patients presented advanced neuropathic symptoms (mean TNS 15.9). NCS showed significantly reduced motor and sensory amplitudes in the UN group compared to the control group, and a slightly reduced nerve CSA was observed in 5 of 13 nerve sites (<i>p</i> &lt; .05); the other nerve sites were not enlarged. Sural nerve CSA (<i>p</i> &lt; .05) and sensory amplitude (<i>p</i> &lt; .01) were negatively correlated with the TNS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nerve enlargement was not observed in the present study in advanced UN. A reduced nerve CSA observed in the sural nerve suggests an axonal loss associated with long-term HD in ESKD. During clinical workup of an acute disease of the peripheral nervous system in ESKD patients, nerve enlargement might be attributable to other causes than chronic UN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"34 4","pages":"486-492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.13205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative brain stem assessment in discriminating neurodegenerative disorders from normal pressure hydrocephalus","authors":"Charalampos Georgiopoulos,&nbsp;Stergios Papadimitriou,&nbsp;Dag Nyholm,&nbsp;Lena Kilander,&nbsp;Malin Löwenmark,&nbsp;David Fällmar,&nbsp;Johan Virhammar","doi":"10.1111/jon.13204","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jon.13204","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Differentiating idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) from neurodegenerative disorders such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), Multiple System Atrophy—parkinsonian type (MSA-P), and vascular dementia (VaD) is challenging due to overlapping clinical and neuroimaging findings. This study assesses if quantitative brain stem and cerebellum metrics can aid in this differentiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively compared the sagittal midbrain area, midbrain to pons ratio, MR parkinsonism index (MRPI), and cerebellar atrophy in 30 PSP patients, 31 iNPH patients, 27 MSA-P patients, 32 VaD patients, and 25 healthy controls. Statistical analyses determined group differences, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was an overlap in midbrain morphology between PSP and iNPH, as assessed with MRPI, midbrain to pons ratio, and midbrain area. A cutoff value of MRPI &gt; 13 exhibited 84% specificity in distinguishing PSP from iNPH and 100% in discriminating PSP from all other conditions. A cutoff value of midbrain to pons ratio at &lt;0.15 yielded 95% specificity for differentiating PSP from iNPH and 100% from all other conditions. A cutoff value of midbrain area at &lt;87 mm² exhibited 97% specificity for differentiating PSP from iNPH and 100% from all other conditions. All measures showed low sensitivity. Cerebellar atrophy did not differ significantly among groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study questions MRPI's diagnostic performance in distinguishing PSP from iNPH. Simpler indices such as midbrain to pons ratio and midbrain area showed similar or better accuracy. However, all these indices displayed low sensitivity despite significant differences among PSP, MSA-P, and VaD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"34 5","pages":"612-618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.13204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural correlates of chocolate brand preference: A functional MRI study","authors":"Senal Peiris,&nbsp;Michael J. Tobia,&nbsp;Andrew Smith,&nbsp;Emily Grun,&nbsp;Rommy Elyan,&nbsp;Paul J. Eslinger,&nbsp;Qing X. Yang,&nbsp;Prasanna Karunanayaka","doi":"10.1111/jon.13203","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jon.13203","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preferences can be developed for, or against, specific brands and services. Using two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments, this study investigated two dissociable aspects of reward processing, craving and liking, in chocolate lovers. The goal was to further delineate the neural basis supporting branding effects using familiar chocolate (FC) and unfamiliar chocolate (UC) brand images.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the first experiment, subjects rated their subjective craving and liking on a scale of 1-5 (weak-strong) for each FC and UC image. In the second experiment, they performed a choice task between FC and UC images.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both the craving and liking ratings were significantly greater for FC and were differentially correlated with choice behavior. Craving ratings predicted greater preference for UC, and liking ratings predicted greater preference for FC. A contrast of neural activity for UC versus FC choice trials revealed significantly greater activation for UC choices in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus and right caudate head. Response times for the FC images were faster than UC images; fMRI activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex was significantly correlated with response times during FC trials, but not UC trials. These correlations were significantly different from each other at the group level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The choices for branded chocolate products are driven by higher subjective reward ratings and lower neural processing demands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"34 4","pages":"415-423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.13203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between neuroimaging and cognition in frontotemporal dementia: An FDG-PET and structural MRI study","authors":"Salih Cayir,&nbsp;Tommaso Volpi,&nbsp;Takuya Toyonaga,&nbsp;Jean-Dominique Gallezot,&nbsp;Yanghong Yang,&nbsp;Faranak Ebrahimian Sadabad,&nbsp;Tim Mulnix,&nbsp;Adam P. Mecca,&nbsp;Arman Fesharaki-Zadeh,&nbsp;David Matuskey","doi":"10.1111/jon.13206","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jon.13206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a clinically and pathologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative condition with a prevalence comparable to Alzheimer's disease for patients under 65 years of age. Limited studies have examined the association between cognition and neuroimaging in FTD using different imaging modalities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined the association of cognition using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) with both gray matter (GM) volume and glucose metabolism using magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET in 21 patients diagnosed with FTD. Standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) using the brainstem as a reference region was the primary outcome measure for FDG-PET. Partial volume correction was applied to PET data to account for disease-related atrophy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant positive associations were found between whole-cortex GM volume and MoCA scores (<i>r</i> = 0.46, <i>p</i> = .04). The association between whole-cortex FDG SUVR and MoCA scores was not significant (<i>r</i> = 0.37, <i>p</i> = .09). GM volumes of the frontal cortex (<i>r</i> = 0.54, <i>p</i> = .01), caudate (<i>r</i> = 0.62, <i>p</i>&lt;.01), and insula (<i>r</i> = 0.57, <i>p</i>&lt;.01) were also significantly correlated with MoCA, as were SUVR values of the insula (<i>r</i> = 0.51, <i>p</i> = .02), thalamus (<i>r</i> = 0.48, <i>p</i> = .03), and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) (<i>r</i> = 0.47, <i>p</i> = .03).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whole-cortex atrophy is associated with cognitive dysfunction, and this association is larger than for whole-cortex hypometabolism as measured with FDG-PET. At the regional level, focal atrophy and/or hypometabolism in the frontal cortex, insula, PCC, thalamus, and caudate seem to be important for the decline of cognitive function in FTD. Furthermore, these results highlight how functional and structural changes may not overlap and might contribute to cognitive dysfunction in FTD in different ways.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"34 5","pages":"627-634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}