Journal of Nephropharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Drug therapy in hospitalized patients with very severe symptoms following COVID-19","authors":"R. Valizadeh, N. Dadashzadeh, Roya Zakeri, Steven James Kellner, M. Rahimi","doi":"10.34172/npj.2020.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2020.21","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48238306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of renal biopsies; a three-year data from a tertiary care centre of eastern India","authors":"C. Mahajan, V. Tiwari, S. Divyaveer, M. R. Patil, A. Banerjee, V. Bagur, U. Dubey, K. Battacharjee, Sandeep Saini, T. Bhattacharya, A. Raychaudhury, S. Dasgupta, D. Sarkar, Anila Abraham Kurien, R. Pandey","doi":"10.34172/npj.2020.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2020.20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Biopsy registries are important in studying the frequency of kidney diseases, their trends over time and allow comparison of data from different geographical regions. Objectives: We report the spectrum of biopsy-proven glomerular and tubular diseases in a single centre in Eastern India. Patients and Methods: Medical records of 1293 patients with biopsy-proven glomerular diseases (GDs) and tubular diseases over a period of three years (March 2013 to March 2016) were retrospectively analysed. All biopsy specimens were examined by the same pathologist with light and immunofluorescence microscopy. Electron microscopic (EM) analysis was performed only in selected cases. Histologic spectrum of various GDs was studied along with its correlation with the clinical and laboratory parameters. Results: The clinical diagnosis was nephrotic syndrome (NS) in 820 (63.41%), rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in 194 (15.2%), asymptomatic urinary abnormalities (AUA) in 108 (8%), acute kidney injury (AKI)/acute nephritic syndrome in 118 (9.3%), and macroscopic hematuria (MH) in 3 (0.43%) patients. Male: Female ratio was 0.95. Around 22.42% were < 18 years, 72.2% were between 18to 59 years, and 5.3% were ≥ 60 years of age. The most common GD overall as well as primary glomerular disease (PGD) was minimal change disease (MCD) (21.6 and 83.44%). Secondary GD was present in 20.87%; most common being lupus nephritis (84.58%). Among the NS, the most common GD was MCD (33.17%), followed by FSGS (17.56%), membranous nephropathy (MN) (13.90%), lupus nephritis (LN) (9.39%), IgA-nephropathy (0.49%), and MPGN (7.32%). Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) constituted 24.6% of AKI presentation particularly common in pregnancy. Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) with severe renal dysfunction was present in 14% of elderly patients. Conclusion: The spectrum of GD varies according to the area of study and changes over time. Some entities which have not been reported earlier from this region that are uncommon but are significant were pregnancy associated TMA, C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and DPGN in adults.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48864482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lack of association between ACE I/D, NOS3 VNTR polymorphisms and drug toxicity of tacrolimus treated post-renal transplantation patients","authors":"K. Krishna, Sanjana Satheesh, Gnanasambandan Ramanathan, S. Paul, J. Matcha, Ramprasad Elumalai","doi":"10.34172/npj.2020.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2020.19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tacrolimus is the most commonly used calcineurin inhibitor for renal transplant individuals. Genetic factors play a major role in allografts by affecting blood pressure regulation, vascular proliferation and inflammatory responses. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible role of the ACE I/D and NOS3 VNTR polymorphisms in kidney transplantation patients treated with tacrolimus in the south Indian population. Patients and Methods: This study included 50 kidney transplant individuals and 100 unrelated healthy individuals from the general population as control. The genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and electrophoresis. Genotypes were compared among cases and controls applying χ2 test. The difference in C/D ratios was compared using Mann–Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The ACE ID polymorphisms in different models [genetic (P=0.723), dominant (P=0.148) and recessive (P=0.652)] or allele model (P=0.455) did not differ significantly between the groups. Similarly, there was no significant difference for the NOS3 VNTR genotypes in genetic model (bb vs ba P=0.118; bb vs aa P=0.446), dominant model (bb vs ba+aa P=0.099) and allelic model (b vs a P=0.103). No significant difference was observed for ACE ID and NOS3 VNTR genotypes between the toxicity and non-toxicity groups. Furthermore, no significant association was observed for daily dose and concentration dose ratio for the studied polymorphisms. Conclusion: The present study revealed no significant association between cases and controls as well as toxicity and non-toxicity groups. Furthermore, there was no association between genotypes and daily dose and dose concentration.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43770881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of serum magnesium with serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels in hemodialysis patients","authors":"Milad Fooladgar, Saied Mardani, Leyla Hedayati Zafarghand","doi":"10.34172/npj.2020.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2020.18","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Dysregulated lipid profile has been described in patients with chronic renal failure. Objectives: In the present study, we investigated the association of serum magnesium level with serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels in a group of hemodialysis individuals. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on hemodialysis patients referred to the Hajar hospital of Shahrekord (2015). Patients who have been on hemodialysis for at least three months and had a stable condition for the last two months were recruited. Serum levels of magnesium, cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured, and the data was analyzed. Results: Of 52 patients, 61.5% were males. The mean age of the patients was 60.17 ± 48.70 (range; 13-78) years and the mean dialysis duration was 44.39 ± 05.52 months. Serum magnesium was inversely and insignificantly correlated with serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Serum magnesium was significantly associated with serum albumin and parathormone. Conclusion: We found non-significant and inverse correlations of serum magnesium with serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The association between serum magnesium and dyslipidemia is contradictory, and further studies are required to divulge the role of other contributing factors.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47708859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The K469E genetic variant in the ICAM1 gene is associated with type 2 diabetes but not with its vascular complications: a meta-analysis","authors":"Saikrishna Lakkakula, H. Verma, B. Lakkakula","doi":"10.34172/npj.2020.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2020.16","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by diminished insulin secretion and hyperglycemia leading to damage of multiple organs. The present study is aimed to test the association between type 2 diabetes vascular complications and K469E variant (rs5498) of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) gene. Methods: Online databases were searched to retrieve all publications relating to the ICAM1 rs5498 variant in human diabetic vascular complications. In the present meta-analysis, we included all eligible studies and calculated the pooled results using MetaGenyo web tool. Results: Studies concerning ICAM1 gene K469E variant association with either type 2 diabetes or diabetes related vascular complications were included in this meta-analysis. Fifteen articles were included in this analysis (n=10 for T2DM; n=5 for diabetes nephropathy; n=8 for diabetes retinopathy). ICAM1 K469E variant significantly increased the risk of T2DM in the allelic (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.20, P = 0.032) and recessive models (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08-1.49, P = 0.004). However, the ICAM1 gene K469E variant is not associated with diabetic nephropathy or diabetic retinopathy. No noticeable evidence of publication bias was detected. Conclusion: In summary, our study indicated that ICAM1 K469E variant was significantly associated with the increased risk of diabetes but not with the diabetic vascular complications.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42299890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin and alpha lipoic acid attenuate methotrexate/ cisplatin-induced kidney toxicity in albino rats","authors":"Elias Adikwu, N. Ebinyo, B. Bokolo","doi":"10.34172/npj.2020.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2020.17","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Most anticancer therapies are seldom effective by single anticancer drug due to biologic heterogeneity and multiple genetic alterations stimulating the use of anticancer drug combinations. Methotrexate/cisplatin (MTX/CPT) has shown beneficial effects in the treatment of metastatic and malignant tumors, but its use may perturb kidney function. Objectives: The present study assessed the protective effects of melatonin (MT) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) against kidney toxicity induced by MTX/CPT in albino rats. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight adult male albino rats were randomized into groups and pretreated with MT (10 mg/kg), ALA (10 mg/kg) and MT+ALA daily for five days before treatment with 20 mg/kg of MTX and 5 mg/kg of CPT intraperitoneally on the fifth day. After overnight fast, rats were sacrificed, serum samples were centrifuged from blood samples and assessed for renal function parameters and electrolytes. Kidneys were assessed for oxidative stress (OS) markers and pathology. Results: Significant (P<0.001) increases in serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels with significant (P<0.001) decreases in total protein, albumin, potassium, sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate levels were obtained in MTX/CPT-intoxicated rats when compared to control. Furthermore, kidney malondialdehyde levels were significantly (P<0.001) increased whereas catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase levels were significantly (P<0.001) decreased in MTX/CPT-intoxicated rats when compared to control. Pathologic changes marked by atrophic glomeruli were detected in the kidneys of MTX/CPT-treated rats. However, nephrotoxicity observed in MTX/CPT-treated rats was significantly reversed in MT (P<0.01), ALA (P<0.05) and MT+ALA (P<0.001) pretreated rats when compared to MTX/CPT -treated rats. Conclusion: MT and ALA supplementations attenuate nephrotoxicity caused by MTX/CPT.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47073896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decongestive diuresis using combination intravenous loop diuretics plus chlorothiazide in type 1 acute cardiorenal syndrome and worsening acute kidney injury; a neglected paradigm in resource-poor settings","authors":"M. Onuigbo","doi":"10.34172/npj.2020.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2020.13","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last decade or more, there has grown a body of evidence demonstrating that renal dysfunction in heart failure is a combination of forward failure from reduced cardiac output and therefore reduced glomerular filtration rate, as well as \"congestive renal failure\" secondary to renal venous hypertension. We had demonstrated the efficacy of combination intravenous loop diuretics used concurrently with intravenous chlorothiazide to achieve significant renal salvage in such patients at the Mayo Clinic Health System in Northwestern Wisconsin. We describe a similar recent experience with three consecutive elderly patients at the University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA. We posit that this paradigm of care is underutilized. We argue that aggressive decongestive therapy with combination intravenous loop and thiazide diuretics is a neglected and underutilized mechanism and must be utilized more frequently in the treatment of worsening renal failure with type 1 cardiorenal syndrome. This imperative is even most compelling in resource-poor settings where mechanical ultrafiltration with dialysis or similar machines is not available or simply not affordable. Moreover, we had also demonstrated that accelerated rising Pro B natriuretic peptide (Pro-BNP) in such patients portends a good prognosticator for renal salvage. We present here three consecutive elderly patients recently so managed successfully at the University of Vermont Medical Center in Burlington, VT, USA.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49634755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rosmarinic acid ameliorates renal ischemia reperfusion damage in rats","authors":"M. Tavafi, H. Ahmadvand, A. Tamjidipour, Afshin Hasanvand","doi":"10.34172/npj.2020.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/npj.2020.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the main factors in pathogenesis of renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the renoprotective effect of rosmarinic acid (ROA) as an antioxidant substance against renal I/R injury. Materials and Methods: Forty male rats were divided into five groups. Group 1 control; group 2 ischemia reperfusion (I/R). Groups 3, 4 and 5 I/R treated by ROA 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg respectively. The treated groups (groups 3, 4 and 5) received ROA one hour before ischemia induction. Renal ischemia was induced by ligating of renal vessels through vascular clips. After 45 minutes of ischemia, the clips were removed to make renal recirculation (reperfusion). Twenty-four hours after the onset of reperfusion, under anesthesia blood were sampled and kidneys were removed. The serum and supernatant of renal homogenate were prepared. Serum creatinine, nitric oxide (NO) and paraoxonase (PON) were measured. The concentration of renal malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) activity were assessed. Results: The administration of ROA, decreased serum creatinine and increased serum NO and PON compared to group 2 (P<0.05). Renal MDA, GSH, GPX and CAT activity improved significantly in animals that received ROA in comparison to group 2. Conclusion: Administration of ROA improved renal I/R injuries via inhibition of lipid peroxidation and increase of GSH, GPX, CAT, NO and PON.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44706434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori infection and serum magnesium in kidney disease; current concepts","authors":"Banafsheh Yalameha, Parto Nasri","doi":"10.15171/npj.2020.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15171/npj.2020.11","url":null,"abstract":"One of the problems of renal disease patients, especially patients undergoing dialysis, is gastrointestinal complications caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. H. pylori has still high prevalence in most populations. It is estimated that about half of the world population is infected with this infection and it can change levels of most micronutrients such as magnesium. Different studies demonstrate that H. pylori may affect the metabolism of magnesium in renal failure. The present paper investigated the association of serum magnesium level with H. pylori infection. Nevertheless, it should be more evaluated by researchers and still many studies are necessary to confirm this issue.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41885235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphologic lesions of membranous nephropathy in association with various demographic and laboratory parameters of patients; a single center study","authors":"S. Zamani, H. Nasri","doi":"10.15171/npj.2020.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15171/npj.2020.09","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome is an important clinical presentation of glomerular diseases that is classified into several types based on the findings of renal biopsy. Membranous neuropathy is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome, especially in adults over 40 years of age, which may lead to end-stage renal failure. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the association of morphologic lesions of membranous nephropathy (MN) on renal biopsy with various demographic and laboratory parameters of the patients. Patients and Methods: This study was performed on renal biopsies, which were referred to the laboratory with the diagnosis of MN. To reach a definite diagnosis of MN, an immunofluorescence study (IgG, IgA, IgM, C1q and C3 antibody deposits) was conducted for all patients. Light microscopy was conducted to categorize the morphologic lesions of the glomeruli and interstitial area. The percentage of interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy was assessed too. Additionally, age, gender, and 24- hour urinary protein and serum creatinine were recorded. Results: Among 175 idiopathic MN patients, 98 were male (56%). The patients’ age was between 14 and 84 years (mean; 42±15 years). The mean of serum creatinine and 24-hour urine protein were 1.05 ± 0.31 mg/dL and 2779.56± 1495.80 mg/d, respectively. We found a significant correlation between gender and serum creatinine level, which was higher in men (P<0.001). Moreover, there was a significant, positive correlation between serum creatinine and age of patients (P<0.001, r=0.25). Additionally, there was a significant correlation between serum creatinine and interstitial fibrosis (P=0.001). We found a significant correlation between serum creatinine and the pathologic stage of glomeruli (P=0.003). The stages of glomeruli were also associated with the proportion of interstitial fibrosis (P=0.001) and C3 deposition rate (P=0.002). IgG deposition score was also significantly different in age ranges over and under 40 years of age (P=0.001). The 24-hours proteinuria had no correlation with other laboratory parameters and microscopic findings. Conclusion: In accordance with other studies, we found that MN is more common among male patients. The positive correlation between serum creatinine and proportion of interstitial fibrosis is in concordance with previous studies. We found a positive correlation between serum creatinine and glomerular morphologic stages. It may show the importance of glomerular damage intensity in prognosis and survival of patients.","PeriodicalId":16388,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48878317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}