Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Open Access最新文献

{"title":"Primary ovarian signet ring cell mucinous carcinoma:is a real entity or is a missing primary neoplasm in another organ?","authors":"Haithem ZAAFOURI, MD, FACS, Wiem ALMAHMOUDI, MD","doi":"10.15406/ghoa.2024.15.00576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2024.15.00576","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":163845,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Open Access","volume":"13 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic steatosis: additional findings in the splanchnic system on magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"Richard C Semelka MD, Jorge Elias Jr, MD, PhD, José Castro Pereira MD, Miguel Ramalho MD","doi":"10.15406/ghoa.2024.15.00570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2024.15.00570","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To document additional findings in the Splanchnic System in patients with hepatosteatosis on clinical MR studies. Materials and Methods: One hundred randomly selected studies of patients with hepatosteatosis who underwent clinical MR studies during a six-month interval were included. Clinical information on the current requisition and prior abdominal studies within one year was recorded. No research or additional investigation into medical records was performed. Statistical analyses were performed. Results: Among 100 patients with hepatosteatosis, there were 59 Females (mean 52.6 years). The presenting complaint was abdominal pain, right upper quadrant, or general pain in 77. Ninety-nine patients showed increased enhancement of the upper GI tract in at least one segment (esophagus and duodenum most commonly). There was a significant association between the subjective grading of hepatosteatosis and bowel enhancement in the Splanchnic System (p=0.00049). Ninety-four were overweight/obese; 23 had pancreatic steatosis; 8 had mesenteric panniculitis. Other findings were recorded. Conclusion: Variable increased enhancement of the upper GI tract was present in almost all patients with hepatosteatosis, and various other abnormalities in the splanchnic system were observed. Hepatosteatosis and inflammation of the upper GI tract may be commonly present together and may be part of a larger picture of splanchnic abnormalities.","PeriodicalId":163845,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Open Access","volume":"277 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140453965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The good and bad of technology and health information","authors":"W. Catapani","doi":"10.15406/ghoa.2024.15.00569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2024.15.00569","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":163845,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Open Access","volume":"11 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139802937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The good and bad of technology and health information","authors":"W. Catapani","doi":"10.15406/ghoa.2024.15.00569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2024.15.00569","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":163845,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Open Access","volume":"164 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139862976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis and its relation with metabolic syndrome","authors":"Adaelle Dantas Ribeiro, Eliara Orlando, Ilária Ferreira Chaves, João Marcos Costa de Siqueira, Juliana de Lima Tavares, Lázaro José Batista da Silva Mesquita, Luís Michel Silva Lima, Suévelem Patrícia Fedatto Granella, Cleber Queiroz Leite, Brian França dos Santos","doi":"10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00562","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between Non-Alcoholic Hepatic Steatosis (NASH) and Metabolic Syndrome (MS). Bibliographic review: NASH is a common liver condition in western industrialized countries, affecting individuals who do not consume alcohol. The pathogenesis of NASH involves environmental, genetic, and gut microbiota factors, and there is a strong association between NASH and MS, a condition that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The relationship between NASH and MS is complex, with both sharing features such as obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation. The study analyzed 13 articles and found a strong association between NASH and MS. Patients with NASH often have features of MS, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. Furthermore, the presence of MS is related to a higher risk of liver disease progression. The relationship between these conditions appears to be driven by factors such as elevated glucose, insulin resistance and increased visceral fat. Final considerations: NASH and MS are conditions that pose significant public health challenges, especially in developed countries. The prevention and control of these conditions are closely linked to the promotion of lifestyle changes, including a healthy diet and physical exercise. These changes can have a positive impact on the incidence and progression of both NASH and MS, improving quality of life and reducing the risks associated with these pathological conditions. In addition, the importance of considering genetics and other individual factors in the evaluation and management of these multifactorial conditions is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":163845,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Open Access","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The validity of I-Scan in diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease","authors":"Mennat Allah Ehab Mohammed Saad, S. El-Moniem, D. Ibrahim, Hany R Shabana","doi":"10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00556","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The evaluation of patients with suspected gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) frequently represents a diagnostic dilemma. Confirmation of the presence of the esophogeal mucosal injury is one of the roles of endoscopy in GERD diagnosis. In this context, there are limitations of white light endoscopy (WLE) because of the inadequate visualization of the minute mucosal changes and the uncertainty in describing the severity of mucosal injury. I-SCAN technology helps in revealing fine details of the GI mucosa. Aim: to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of I-SCAN technology as compared to white light endoscopy (WLE) in Egyptian patients suffering from GERD symptoms. Patients and methods: This study included adult patients with GERD questionnaire (Q) score ≥ 8 points. The distal esophagus was examined by WLE followed by I-SCAN 2 to evaluate the presence of mucosal injuries and to classify GERD severity according to the Los Angles (LA) classification & its Japanese modification, respectively. Biopsies were taken from the lower esophageal mucosa as well as from the visible mucosal breaks and subjected to histopathologic examination. Results: Sixty patients were enrolled; 32 (53.3%) were females & 28 (46.7%) were males. WLE showed erosive reflux disease (ERD) in 41 patients (68.3%); while 19 patients (31.7%) showed no mucosal breaks. As regard LA classification; 18 of the cases were classified as grade A (30%); 15 as grade B (25%); 7 as grade C (11.7%) and 1 as grade D (1.7%). Reexamination of distal esophagus by I-SCAN 2 showed minimal change esophagitis (MCE) (grade M) & ERD in 57 patients (95%); while only 3 patients (5%) showed no mucosal changes (grade N). As regard the modified LA classification; 16 cases were classified as grade M (26.6%); 12 as grade A (20%); 21 as grade B (35%); 7 as grade C (11.7%) and 1 as grade D (1.7%). There was perfect agreement of WLE with I-SCAN 2 in LA grades B, C & D. There was poor agreement of WLE with I-SCAN 2 in cases who had no mucosal breaks & LA grade A cases on WLE (weighted Kappa was 0.11); as 16 cases were reclassified as grade M on I-SCAN 2 (had no mucosal breaks on WLE) and 6 cases were reclassified as class B on I-SCAN 2(were classified as grade A on WLE). As regard the histological proven reflux esophagitis (HPRE), it was present in 41 (68.3%) of the studied cases with statistically significant higher proportion of male gender. It was present in 28 (68.3%) of the patients who had ERD on WLE; 13(68.4%) of the patients who had no mucosal breaks on WLE; 38 (66.6%) of the cases who had grade M or ERD on I-SCAN 2 & the three patients who had grade N on I-SCAN 2.GERD Q score ranged from 10 to 12 points with median of 11 points. It was significantly higher in patients with HPRE (11.4 ± 1.8 points) than those without (10.3 ± 1.3 points) (p= 0.026). GERD Q score strongly correlated with both the modified LA grade by I-SCAN 2 (p=0.03) and the histological severity score (p=0,016). On univariate & multivar","PeriodicalId":163845,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology: Open Access","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131759474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"robiotic supplementation of pea-derived protein alters the gut microbiome balance in favor of increased protein degradation, reflected in increased levels of essential amino acid in human plasma","authors":"Oyovwi O Mega, Onome B Oghenetega, alajiki Y Faith alajiki Y Faith, Rotu A Rume, Okwute Patrick Godwin","doi":"10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00554","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The primary aim of this clinical study was to determine if dietary supplementation with the probiotic, BIOHM FX (BFX), altered the gut microbiome balance following ingestion of 15g pea protein (PP) and enhanced the absorption of non-animal proteins determined via quantification of essential amino acids (EAAs). Thus, we compared the effects of pea protein alone vs. pea protein + BFX on microbiome changes and plasma levels of EAAs. Methods: A placebo-controlled crossover clinical study in active men (n=40) was performed during which quantification of abundance levels of gut bacterial and fungal (bacteriome and mycobiome) organisms were assessed. In addition, plasma EAAs were measured pre- and post- ingestion of the pea protein +/-BFX for 180 min. Stool samples were analyzed for changes in microbiome composition from baseline and compared for PP versus PP+BFX. Self-reported changes in gastrointestinal (e.g., bloating, flatulence) and quality of life (e.g., fatigue, mood, and energy) indices were also measured. Results: Participants ingesting PP + BFX exhibited a distinct microbiome profile compared to baseline and ingestion of PP. Differences in plasma EAAs showed a trend for an interaction (P=0.097) and post hoc testing at 120 min showed a significant difference (P=0.047) between PP and PP+BFX. Microbiome analysis of stool samples showed that the pathogens Escherichia coli, Prevotella copri, Shigella flexneri, and Brevundimonas diminuta were lower in PP+BFX compared to PP. The abundance of Candida albicans was lower and the level of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was higher in PP+BFX compared to PP. Interestingly, the abundance of Pseudomonas species, cyanobacteria phyla and the fungal species Galactomyces geotrichum were elevated when the combination of PP+BFX were consumed by study subjects (P<0.05). Other than main effects of time there were no significant differences between treatments in self-reported gastrointestinal (GI) and well-being markers. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the addition of BFX to PP alters the gut microbiome composition, aiding in the absorption of dietary non-animal proteins and increasing essential amino acid appearance in plasma.","PeriodicalId":163845,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology: Open Access","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131510871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic supplementation of pea-derived protein alters the gut microbiome balance in favor of increased protein degradation, reflected in increased levels of essential amino acid in human plasma","authors":"Mauricio Retuerto Mauricio Retuerto, Michael B La-Monica, T. Ziegenfuss, B. Raub, T. McCormick, M. Ghannoum","doi":"10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00553","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The primary aim of this clinical study was to determine if dietary supplementation with the probiotic, BIOHM FX (BFX), altered the gut microbiome balance following ingestion of 15g pea protein (PP) and enhanced the absorption of non-animal proteins determined via quantification of essential amino acids (EAAs). Thus, we compared the effects of pea protein alone vs. pea protein + BFX on microbiome changes and plasma levels of EAAs. Methods: A placebo-controlled crossover clinical study in active men (n=40) was performed during which quantification of abundance levels of gut bacterial and fungal (bacteriome and mycobiome) organisms were assessed. In addition, plasma EAAs were measured pre- and post- ingestion of the pea protein +/-BFX for 180 min. Stool samples were analyzed for changes in microbiome composition from baseline and compared for PP versus PP+BFX. Self-reported changes in gastrointestinal (e.g., bloating, flatulence) and quality of life (e.g., fatigue, mood, and energy) indices were also measured. Results: Participants ingesting PP + BFX exhibited a distinct microbiome profile compared to baseline and ingestion of PP. Differences in plasma EAAs showed a trend for an interaction (P=0.097) and post hoc testing at 120 min showed a significant difference (P=0.047) between PP and PP+BFX. Microbiome analysis of stool samples showed that the pathogens Escherichia coli, Prevotella copri, Shigella flexneri, and Brevundimonas diminuta were lower in PP+BFX compared to PP. The abundance of Candida albicans was lower and the level of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was higher in PP+BFX compared to PP. Interestingly, the abundance of Pseudomonas species, cyanobacteria phyla and the fungal species Galactomyces geotrichum were elevated when the combination of PP+BFX were consumed by study subjects (P<0.05). Other than main effects of time there were no significant differences between treatments in self-reported gastrointestinal (GI) and well-being markers. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the addition of BFX to PP alters the gut microbiome composition, aiding in the absorption of dietary non-animal proteins and increasing essential amino acid appearance in plasma.","PeriodicalId":163845,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology: Open Access","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116419897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strawberry gallbladder: a velvety carpet of surgical anguish","authors":"P. Srivastava, Shalini Srivastava","doi":"10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00552","url":null,"abstract":"Cholesterolosis is an uncommon pathologic finding of the gallbladder. The etiopathogenesis is not yet clear but it is proposed that it occurs due to increased cholesterol uptake from supersaturated bile. One must try to make a preoperative diagnosis by careful ultrasonography. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment in symptomatic cases whereas asymptomatic patients can be treated conservatively as a case of functional dyspepsia.","PeriodicalId":163845,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology: Open Access","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132382750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway in gastric cancer","authors":"R. Dardor, S. M. Abd El Moniem, Mohamed A Elbaiomy, Nirmeen Megahed, Hany R Shabana","doi":"10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ghoa.2023.14.00549","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The PI3K/AKT/m TOR pathway is activated in gastric cancer (GC). This pathway may be an appropriate target for GC therapy. Such therapy may involve inhibiting cell proliferation, enhancing apoptosis, and restoring the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. Aim: To study the expression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in Egyptian patients with GC. Methods: Enrolled Patients were divided into 2 groups, group 1 included 23 patients with lymph node metastatic (LNM) gastric cancer (GC) and group 2 included 10 patients with non-metastatic GC. Liver and renal biochemical tests, CBC, H. pylori testing, CEA, CA19-9 & metastatic radiological work up were done. Upper Gastrointestinal endoscopy was done to diagnose the site, size and morphology of GC and to take biopsy from the suspicious lesion, adjacent mucosa and all parts of the stomach. Enrolled patients had received surgical resection when appropriate. The harvested tumor tissue was processed for histopathology as well as Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) for detection of expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR. IHC score for the expression of mTOR, AKT & PI3K (ranging from 0 to 12) was calculated as follows: Grade of stain intensity × Grade of coloration rate. A score ≥4 was considered positive. Results: The mTOR expression was positive in 54.5%, AKT expression was positive in 72.7% & PI3K expression was positive in 36.4% of cases. There was significantly higher expression of AKT in metastatic (87%) than non-metastatic GC (40%), p=0.010. AKT expression was significantly higher in LNM GC (median score was 12) than non-metastatic GC (median score was 2.5), p=0.028. AKT score at cutoff value of more than 3 was a statistically significant discriminator between LNM and non-metastatic GC, AUC=0.743, p=.014, sensitivity, 87% & specificity, 60%. Conclusion: The mTOR expression was positive in 54.5%, AKT expression was positive in 72.7% & PI3K expression was positive in 36.4% of GC cases. AKT expression score may discriminate between LN metastatic and non-metastatic gastric cancer","PeriodicalId":163845,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology: Open Access","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116287359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}