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2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)最新文献

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Multi-band Environments for Optical Reinforcement Learning Gym for Resource Allocation in Elastic Optical Networks 弹性光网络中资源分配的多频带环境光强化学习馆
2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492435
P. Morales, Patricia Franco, A. Lozada, N. Jara, F. Calderón, Juan Pinto-Ríos, A. Leiva
{"title":"Multi-band Environments for Optical Reinforcement Learning Gym for Resource Allocation in Elastic Optical Networks","authors":"P. Morales, Patricia Franco, A. Lozada, N. Jara, F. Calderón, Juan Pinto-Ríos, A. Leiva","doi":"10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492435","url":null,"abstract":"The use of additional fiber bands for optical communications -known as Multi-band or Band-division multiplexing (BDM) - allows to increase the traffic served in transparent optical networks. In recent years, many proposals have emerged as a solution for resource allocation in such multi-band architectures. This work presents a novel approach based on reinforcement learning (RL) techniques to accommodate multi-band elastic optical network resources. Two new environments were implemented and added to the Optical-RL-Gym toolkit considering four scenarios with different band availability. Six agents were tested in four real network topologies, contrasting their episode rewards on a large number of training steps. Results show Trust Region Policy Optimization (TRPO) as the best performing agent, with consistent output across all the scenarios and network topologies considered. In addition, we illustrate the blocking probability behavior in relation to the traffic load, and band usage distribution, allowing further discussions.","PeriodicalId":163553,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126169864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Load-aware Optimal Association for 5G Mobile Users in HetNets with S-BVT Backhaul 基于S-BVT回程的5G移动用户负载感知优化关联
2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492487
Gabriel Otero Pérez, D. Larrabeiti, J. Hernández, J. Palacios, R. Martínez, M. S. Moreolo
{"title":"Load-aware Optimal Association for 5G Mobile Users in HetNets with S-BVT Backhaul","authors":"Gabriel Otero Pérez, D. Larrabeiti, J. Hernández, J. Palacios, R. Martínez, M. S. Moreolo","doi":"10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492487","url":null,"abstract":"New paradigms are being proposed to cope with the increasing traffic demand in the access networks. One alternative is to leverage cost-efficient VCSEL-based Sliceable Bandwidth Variable Transceivers (S-BVTs) near the edge. In this work, we investigate the adoption of optical S-BVTs for the transport of cellular traffic. A dynamic and decentralized orchestration algorithm is proposed to achieve an optimal user association and resource allocation of the access network’s resources while considering the load-balancing and availability of the underlying optical infrastructure. Two association and resource allocation techniques are explored in a two-tier heterogeneous network featuring different radio access technologies. The results show that the decentralized solution outperforms the coverage maps-based association and exhibits load balancing capabilities without the need of a centralized coordination, which can be leveraged by the S-BVT’s adaptive capabilities.","PeriodicalId":163553,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121916556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the Impact of Billing Cycles on Compensations in Network SLAs 计费周期对网络sla补偿的影响
2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492378
Tobias Enderle
{"title":"On the Impact of Billing Cycles on Compensations in Network SLAs","authors":"Tobias Enderle","doi":"10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492378","url":null,"abstract":"Network connections in optical backbone networks are subject to failures and the network operator is obliged to compensate its customers according to the terms of the service level agreement (SLA) if outages have occurred. These compensations are typically made after regular billing cycles. In most SLAs the billing cycle has a length of one calendar month. However, the length of the billing cycle has a significant impact on the compensation that is to be paid by the network operator. To show this, we first derive the exact distribution of the downtime per billing cycle for dedicated path-protected connections with exponential failure and repair times. Based on this, we derive the expected amount of compensation for different SLA compensation policies. We show that, depending on the failure and repair characteristics of the network components, there is a billing cycle for which the expected amount of compensation is maximized and hence is to be avoided. Consequently, the adjustment of the billing cycle to the failure and repair characteristics or vice versa can play an important role in the optimal design of SLAs.","PeriodicalId":163553,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122134859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Network Comparison of C+L-band Transparent versus C-band Translucent Upgrade C+ l波段透明升级与C波段半透明升级的网络比较
2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492468
R. Sadeghi, B. Correia, E. Virgillito, A. Napoli, N. Costa, J. Pedro, V. Curri
{"title":"Network Comparison of C+L-band Transparent versus C-band Translucent Upgrade","authors":"R. Sadeghi, B. Correia, E. Virgillito, A. Napoli, N. Costa, J. Pedro, V. Curri","doi":"10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492468","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the designs for the capacity upgrade for transparent C- and C+L-band and translucent C-band only; and evaluate them in terms of capacity, energy consumption, cost, and link utilization ratio. Two different transceiver (TRX) implementations, namely Flex and Fix are used in transparent C- and C+L-band and translucent C-band network designs. We investigate networking performance enabled by different upgrade strategies on a reference topology by relying on an accurate optical transport model. We show that lighting the L-band by keeping a transparent approach leads to an increase in network capacity of more than two times. Conversely, applying translucent design to the C-band to improve the spectral efficiency by deploying regenerators results in only modest improvements of capacity. Also, C+L-band transparent design allows to reduce the number of transceivers per bit/sec and to consume almost 4 dB less energy than that required with the C-band translucent design.","PeriodicalId":163553,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115904106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
On Short- and Long-Term Traffic Prediction in Optical Networks Using Machine Learning 基于机器学习的光网络短期和长期流量预测研究
2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492437
Michal Aibin, Nathan Chung, T. Gordon, L. Lyford, Connor Vinchoff
{"title":"On Short- and Long-Term Traffic Prediction in Optical Networks Using Machine Learning","authors":"Michal Aibin, Nathan Chung, T. Gordon, L. Lyford, Connor Vinchoff","doi":"10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492437","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we formulate the problem of traf-fic prediction in optical networks. We then design a machine learning approach based on Graph Convolutional Network and the Generative Adversarial Network to enable efficient network states forecasting. The main focus is on detecting the peak traffic in networks that can affect the routing decisions. We validate our results using pseudorealistic datasets generated in a custom simulator and real networks provided by the network operator. The findings confirm our approach’s efficiency for optimizing both the real-time routing and long-term network design decisions.","PeriodicalId":163553,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128403216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Trustless Virtual PON Sharing for 5G Services 5G业务无信任虚拟PON共享
2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492483
Nima Afraz, M. Ruffini
{"title":"Trustless Virtual PON Sharing for 5G Services","authors":"Nima Afraz, M. Ruffini","doi":"10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492483","url":null,"abstract":"Sharing network/infrastructure resources becomes more essential as the cost of ownership and network deployment increases due to the new and more resource-demanding services as a part of the 5G evolution. Meanwhile, the new network ownership models challenge the conventional centralized network ownership/sharing models where a central authority is absent, leading to a trust-less market ecosystem. In this paper, we propose, for the first time, a distributed market verification mechanism using permissioned blockchain technology for multi-tenant PONs. We use the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain framework to implement our solution, which has a considerably lower cost in terms of latency and computing compared to the traditional blockchain (e.g., Bitcoin).","PeriodicalId":163553,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125660287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Specialty fibers exploiting spatial multiplexing for signal processing in radio access networks 利用空间多路复用技术在无线接入网中进行信号处理的特种光纤
2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492430
Mario Ureña, Rubén Guillem, Sabahat Shaheen, S. García, E. Nazemosadat, I. Gris-Sánchez, I. Gasulla
{"title":"Specialty fibers exploiting spatial multiplexing for signal processing in radio access networks","authors":"Mario Ureña, Rubén Guillem, Sabahat Shaheen, S. García, E. Nazemosadat, I. Gris-Sánchez, I. Gasulla","doi":"10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492430","url":null,"abstract":"The addition of the spatial dimension to the portfolio of optical multiplexing technologies, widely known as Space-Division Multiplexing, has been touted as a solution for the capacity bottleneck in digital optical communications by establishing independent light paths in one single fiber. Boosted by the benefits brought in terms of compactness, flexibility and versatility, the growing interest on these novel fibers has recently opened up new avenues for research in emerging fields of application, such as radio access network distribution and radiofrequency signal processing. We present an overview of a variety of space-division multiplexing fibers specifically engineered in terms of group delay and chromatic dispersion to provide distributed signal processing for radiofrequency signals in converged fiber-wireless communications.","PeriodicalId":163553,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125436304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Orchestrating Virtualized Core Network Migration in OpenROADM SDN-Enabled Network 在OpenROADM sdn支持的网络中编排虚拟化核心网迁移
2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492500
Shunmugapriya Ramanathan, K. Kondepu, Tianliang Zhang, Behzad Mirkhanzadeh, M. Razo, M. Tacca, L. Valcarenghi, A. Fumagalli
{"title":"Orchestrating Virtualized Core Network Migration in OpenROADM SDN-Enabled Network","authors":"Shunmugapriya Ramanathan, K. Kondepu, Tianliang Zhang, Behzad Mirkhanzadeh, M. Razo, M. Tacca, L. Valcarenghi, A. Fumagalli","doi":"10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492500","url":null,"abstract":"Optical network technology is one of the leading candidates for meeting the required backhaul transport layer latency and capacity requirements of 5G services. In addition, its physical layer programmability supports the execution of advanced methods that can improve 5G service reliability and SLA compliance in the face of equipment failure. While a number of such methods is addressed in the literature, including Virtual Network Function (VNF) fault-tolerant methods, a full proof of concept is yet to be reported.The study in this paper describes a testbed — along with its Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) capabilities — which is used to experimentally showcase the key functionalities that are required by VNF fault-tolerant methods. The testbed makes use of OpenROADM compliant Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) equipment to implement the programmable backhaul of a Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) Non-standalone (NSA) architecture running 4G Evolved Packet Core (EPC) with the 5G next-generation NodeB (gNB). Specifically, the testbed is used to showcase the live migration of virtualized EPC components that is required to restore pre-failure VNF.","PeriodicalId":163553,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)","volume":"598 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116072415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Point-to-Multipoint Coherent Optics for Re-thinking the Optical Transport: Case Study in 5G Optical Metro Networks 重新思考光传输的点对多点相干光学:5G光城域网的案例研究
2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492393
N. Skorin-Kapov, F. Moreno-Muro, M. Bueno-Delgado, P. Pavón-Mariño
{"title":"Point-to-Multipoint Coherent Optics for Re-thinking the Optical Transport: Case Study in 5G Optical Metro Networks","authors":"N. Skorin-Kapov, F. Moreno-Muro, M. Bueno-Delgado, P. Pavón-Mariño","doi":"10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492393","url":null,"abstract":"Point-to-multipoint (P2MP) coherent optics using digital subcarrier multiplexing have recently been proposed as a promising new technology to potentially reduce the costs and complexity of optical transport networks, particularly in metro aggregation scenarios. In this paper, we perform a case study on a realistic 5G metro reference network, mixing a mesh metro core and edge rings, comparing P2MP and point-to-point (P2P) transponders with varying relative costs. Results indicate that if the costs of commercial P2MP transponders are up to 50% higher than P2P transponders, P2MP optics can reduce the total transponder costs, in addition to offering other advantages such as flexibility and significantly reduced hardware.","PeriodicalId":163553,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121894164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Joint Planning of MEC and Fiber Deployment in Sparsely Populated Areas 人口稀少地区MEC与光纤部署的联合规划
2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492396
C. Rojas, R. Durán, I. Miguel, N. Merayo, J. Aguado, P. Fernández, R. Lorenzo, E. Abril
{"title":"Joint Planning of MEC and Fiber Deployment in Sparsely Populated Areas","authors":"C. Rojas, R. Durán, I. Miguel, N. Merayo, J. Aguado, P. Fernández, R. Lorenzo, E. Abril","doi":"10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ONDM51796.2021.9492396","url":null,"abstract":"The planning of multi-access edge computing (MEC) systems does not only consist in distributing MEC servers among the base stations (BSs) but also in designing the network to interconnect BSs, MEC resources and the wide area network (WAN) gateway. Due to their high bandwidth, fiber links are the best option for those connections in 5G environments. In contrast to previous works, which only solve the server placement problem, in this paper, an integer linear programming (ILP) formulation is proposed for solving both problems while reducing the installation cost (servers and fibers). The fiber deployment cost is especially important in sparsely populated areas as the distance between BSs are much longer than in urban environments. The model was tested using real BSs locations and population data showing that the formulation considerably reduces the installation cost.","PeriodicalId":163553,"journal":{"name":"2021 International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129601009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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