Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Carbon Electrodes Electrolysis Process in Removing COD, Turbidity and Color for Textile Wastewater","authors":"Yusoff Ms, Basenun Nfs, Yusoff Nhm, Aziz Ha, Alazaiza Myd","doi":"10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000590","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the removal efficiency of textile wastewater using electrolysis process by carbon electrodes. The performance of COD, turbidity, and color reductions was evaluated under different conditions of pH, voltage usage, and distance between electrodes. The optimum conditions were determined, and the size of the flocs using these conditions was determined. Results showed that maximum COD, turbidity and color reduction were achieved under optimum pH6 conditions, constant 9V voltage, and 1cm distance between the electrodes with an average of 85.5%, 89.2%, and 85.2% respectively. It was found that higher voltage value, shorter distance between electrodes and neutral pH resulted in higher removal efficiency. The flocs size was found to be higher in the case of the short distance between electrodes. Overall, this study demonstrates that the electrolysis process is an effective method of treating textile wastewater and relatively rapid compared to other conventional techniques.","PeriodicalId":163364,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132556836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Apparent Electrical Resistivity with Elastic Moduli and Soil Shear Strength Parameters in Yenagoa, Southern Nigeria","authors":"Okiongbo Ks, Akinshipe Rb, E. Akpofure","doi":"10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000589","url":null,"abstract":"Many published correlations between soil electrical resistivity with soil strength parameters are limited to site-specific qualitative correlations between geoelectrical and geotechnical data. The absence of site-specific quantitative transforms for resistivity and various geotechnical test results such as CPTu do not allow the prediction of geotechnical parameters via geoelectric data. Thus, establishing a correlation between soil electrical resistivity and soil strength parameters, which can be applied in shallow soil strength prediction, would be a significant advance for engineering practice. In this study, field tests consisting of vertical electrical sounding (VES) and CPTu data acquired at the same location were analyzed and correlated to develop empirical models. At selected depths, we collected the apparent resistivity variation with depth and correlated with the soil strength parameters such as shear modulus, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, undrained shear strength and friction angle derived from the CPTu data at the same location. Least square regression method was used to evaluate the relation between apparent resistivity and the different soil strength parameters. Linear curve fitting approximations were applied. The results show that apparent electrical resistivity has a good correlation with soil strength parameters with coefficient of correlation ranging between 0.4-0.7. The empirical models were validated by predicting the soil strength parameters. The measured and predicted values show a good correlation and thus affirm the applicability of the proposed empirical models.","PeriodicalId":163364,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130286508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D FEM and DEM Analyses of Underground Openings in Competent Rock Masses","authors":"A. Pierotti, D. Lopresti, M. Leoni","doi":"10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000588","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is aimed at comparing the results of numerical analyses of underground openings in competent rock masses like the Carrara Marble (Italy) by considering a real and well documented case study. More specifically, 3D FEM and DEM analyses were carried out on a rock-mass model interested by two faults and three sets of discontinuities. The geometrical model is representative of deep underground openings where spalling-cracks and rock bursts can occur. PLAXIS 3D and 3DEC were used for the analyses. Intact rock and rock mass characterization of Carrara Marble was inferred from available technical literature. The analysis results were compared in terms of principal stresses and displacements in a number of monitoring points around the opening. The main practical interest is to find out a reliable approach for evaluating the stability of very large openings in a competent rock mass like Carrara marble. For such a purpose, a number of available in-situ stress measurements were used.","PeriodicalId":163364,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology","volume":"366 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122851810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous Galvanized Rebar at the Cusp of a Market Breakthrough","authors":"Mike Stroia","doi":"10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000586","url":null,"abstract":"Ductile Continuous Galvanized Rebar is an innovative product which has recently become available in North America. Its excellent corrosion resistance renders it an ideal option for construction exposed to de-icing salts. The first successful application in bridge construction was completed in Iowa in 2018. The product also has applications in precast concrete components and where corrosion resistant reinforced concrete is used.","PeriodicalId":163364,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology","volume":"17 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134209834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Population Density and Traffic Flow on Covid-19 Disasters in Florida","authors":"Wenrui Huang, Jieya Yang, E. Ozguven","doi":"10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000585","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the Covid-19 data in March 2020, analysis indicates that Northwest Florida region with low population density and less visitors has much less cases (only 3%). However, in the Northeast and South Florida regions with high population density and more travelers has much more numbers of cases cities, may be helpful for mitigating the disasters caused by the Covid-19 data. For potential hurricane impacts, evacuation and sheltering plan should be made with consideration of social distancing during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":163364,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126903815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Low Energy Cement Clinker from Paper Industry Waste Materials","authors":"Prabhat Vashistha, S. K. Singh, Vivek Kumar","doi":"10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000583","url":null,"abstract":"The Kraft process-based paper production generates considerable amount of waste. The chemical recovery section produces lime sludge while fly ash is being generated in the boiler through combustion of biomass for electricity production. The final utilisation of such waste materials is significant concern, since landfilling is becoming less effective destination due to strict environmental regulations. Determined by this scenario, industries are considering more sustainable solutions, such as application of waste material in manufacturing of distinct products. In this work, the lime sludge and fly ash tested as raw materials for cement clinker synthesis and mortar preparation from synthesised cement clinker. Firstly, the detailed characterisation of waste materials was performed, on the basis of characterisation distinct mixtures of materials were prepared. The formulated mixtures then fired at 1000 oC and 1100 oC to get cementitious clinkers. The clinker was processed at relatively lower temperature than generally used in the industrial synthesis of clinker due to the presence of mineralising impurities in fly ash and lime sludge. The cement was prepared from the synthesised clinker and applied to produce the mortars that advanced in adequate mechanical strength and did not divulge signs of deterioration or durability weaknesses.","PeriodicalId":163364,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology","volume":"611 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117080508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Flash Floods Mitigations: Enhancing the Link between Water, Sanitation and Energy Services in Urban Settings in the MENA Region","authors":"A. Elmahdi, M. Tawfik, Adham Badawy, M. Ali, Nafn M. Amdar","doi":"10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000582","url":null,"abstract":"For centuries, the control and delivery of water has shaped states and economies across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. In the 20th century, key infrastructure development tamed key river systems for water supply and led to huge expansion in irrigation, as population nearly quadrupled. More recently, MENA has experienced severe water stress against a background of recurring droughts and worsening environmental degradation, rapid urbanization and persistent food insecurity, compounded by conflict and civil unrest, giving rise to mass migration [1]. It is important to distinguish between water services availability, accessibility and quality. According to the Manual on the Human Rights to safe drinking water and sanitation for practitioners, water supply availability refers to the reliable quantity of water supply, while accessibility refers to the ‘time and distance’ needed to get access to the water supply. While water services might be available, it does not necessarily mean that they are accessible, as water could be available in terms of quantity but of poor quality that makes it also inaccessible. Additionally, climate change is projected to have serious implications on water resources and services. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report in 2014, it is expected that extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, and flash floods will increase in both frequency and intensity under a projected warmer atmosphere [2]. This will add more challenges to the existing and established services infrastructure. In arid regions, most of the infrastructures are not designed to handle such extreme events in particular heavy and intense rain events. Where infrastructure is not often designed on extreme events with long return period in order not to raise the cost of construction and hinder the development process, especially in developing countries [2].","PeriodicalId":163364,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131254788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of Code Compliant Design-Stage Building Energy Performance Simulation Models","authors":"S. Tarantino, Patrick Shiel, M. Fischer","doi":"10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/ACET.2020.04.000581","url":null,"abstract":"Curbing energy usage in new commercial buildings has become a common theme within mandated standards adopted by many states of the US. Since 1975, when ASHRAE first published its Energy Standard for Buildings following the first oil crisis [1], focus has been placed on the energy efficiency of buildings during the design and construction phases. Most of these standards attempt to allow the buildings designers flexibility in how compliance can be demonstrated. ASHRAE 90.1 [2], has been adopted by many states in the US and is the most common of the national energy conservation standards for commercial buildings. It is also used as a benchmark for many country’s national standards such as the Middle East, Africa and Asia. 90.1 has been updated on a continuous maintenance basis starting in 2001. Since then the standard has re-issued in revised form every three years following the evolution of more efficient equipment and building technological advances. Certain states, whilst following the general guidance offered within ASHRAE 90.1, compiled their own standards, such as California’s Title24, which is administered by the California Energy Commission (CEC). Title24 is effectively a version of 90.1, but with different parametric thresholds to achieve compliance. Although the two codes are developed separately, a fair amount of synergy and similarity exists [3].","PeriodicalId":163364,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127060871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear Strength of Concrete Members: Challenges, Recent Developments and Possibilities","authors":"V. Aguilar, Robert W. Barnes, A. Nowak","doi":"10.31031/acet.2020.04.000580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acet.2020.04.000580","url":null,"abstract":"Shear strength of concrete members has always been a complex topic, and even today, there is no widespread agreement regarding a shear resistance model. Nevertheless, the primary resistance mechanisms have been identified [1] shear transfer through uncracked concrete, aggregate interlock along cracks, dowel action of longitudinal reinforcement, arch action for short and deep members, and amount of shear reinforcement. It is assumed that the shear strength is the sum of the concrete contribution and the shear reinforcement contribution. However, the quantification of these mechanisms is not straightforward. The shear strength of concrete members is influenced by tensile concrete strength, coarse aggregate size, presence of axial force, slenderness ratio (M/Vd or a/d, where M is the bending moment, V is the shear force, d is the effective depth of the longitudinal reinforcement, and a is the shear span, i.e., distance between the applied load and the support), amount of longitudinal reinforcement, and overall size of the member. Yet, the relative influence of these variables is still debated.","PeriodicalId":163364,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116168259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of Application of Some Methods of Non-Traditional Technology to Improve the Functional Quality of Low-Rise Construction Objects","authors":"A. Ap","doi":"10.31031/acet.2020.04.000577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acet.2020.04.000577","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This research is based on the scientific hypothesis about a gradual decrease in the scope and scope at the application in traditional technological methods for the formation functional quality at low-rise construction objects. The subject of this research is productive and reproductive directions for architectural activity, which are characterizing the features of traditional and non-traditional methods at practical implementation composite solutions in architectural systems. The relevance for their research is related to the analysis aspects the application in non-traditional methods manufacturability for restoration (increase) functional quality level for a material objects architectural activity, that are in operation, without changing their initial functional purpose. Materials and methods: A systematic analysis factors and aspects for application of techniques and means in innovative technological effectiveness, generalization and synthesis at relevant and verified information materials. Result: As a result of this research, the main types influence factors and aspects for architectural activity were identified that determined the features of reducing apology for the spread traditional technological methods for the formation the architectural systems in low-rise construction. The features of the influence the adaptability property on the composition in low-rise construction object are considered. The analysis of the features in this use at non-traditional (innovative) techniques for the development and practical implementation in composite solutions are considered. The features for techniques aimed at improving the functional quality at construction projects, which are characterized by the state (period) the operation of their life cycle is considered. It has been established, that promising techniques of unconventional manufacturability, can significantly expand the possibilities for architectural creativity (while maintaining the canonical approach to architectural composition) to form a new level for quality architectural systems. Conclusion: The current state of architectural science allows (in most cases) to establish the required quality through the use non-traditional methods for forming the functional quality in architectural systems. The study examined the main aspects and influence factors that determine the choice at techniques for non-traditional manufacturability, as a competitive way to increase functional quality in traditional and non-traditional types of architectural systems in low-rise buildings and structures.","PeriodicalId":163364,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in Civil Engineering & Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126935669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}