{"title":"ESTIMATING THE PROBABILITY OF SERVICE RECOVERY STRATEGIES IN FRANCHISE FAST FOOD RESTAURANT","authors":"E. C. D. Run, Pui-Ling Ting","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v4i.1434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v4i.1434","url":null,"abstract":"This paper sets out to determine the probability from a customer’s viewpoint, of which service recovery activities will most probably be carried out by front liners in Franchise Fast Food Restaurants (FFFR). The study utilized a Juster scale based questionnaire survey format. Data was then analyzed using means and factor analysis. Means analysis indicated that customers did not expect front liners to offer free food but there was a good possibility that they would receive an apology. More than half of the service recovery strategies studied lay below the 50/50 probability. Factor analysis indicated three views of customers on service recover strategies, which are termed as ‘Immediate’, ‘Works’ and ‘Words’. Customers believe that there is a good possibility for ‘Words’ service recovery activity, fairly good possibility of ‘Immediate’ service recovery and fair possibility of ‘Works’ service recovery activity. The study was limited to respondents in Kuching and customers of FFFR. Nevertheless the finding has important implications to management and academia. A practical application from this study would be the use of ‘Immediate’ and ‘Words’ service recovery strategies to improve customer’s perception of a company after service failure. The use of ‘Works’ would delight them, as it is not expected.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125495700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE INFORMATION CONTENT OF THE MALAYSIAN CORPORATE BOND RATING CHANGES","authors":"Ezeldin El Domaa, Mohd. Azmi Omar","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v4i.1433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v4i.1433","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims at investigating the impact of corporate bond rating changes on the common stock returns of the Malaysian corporations for the period spanning from January 1993 up to December 2003 inclusive. The market model with two competing specifications is used to measure the normal returns of firms. These are the standard event study methodology and the ARMA-GARCH lag specification of the market model. The initial finding is that both downgrades and upgrades trigger negative market reaction, albeit with some signs of information leakage. However, with some additional forensics we find that while downgrades elicit negative market response, upgrades induced no market reaction whatsoever. Moreover, the negative reaction following upgrades that we have seen at the initial finding was mainly due to the impact of the South East Asian financial crisis of the 1997/98.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127897688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A CROSS COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICS IN COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE AND TRADE PATTERNS IN TEXTILES AND CLOTHING","authors":"M. Wadud","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v5i.1437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v5i.1437","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines pattern of comparative advantage in textiles and clothing trade as revealed by export shares of selected developed and developing economies. The estimated revealed comparative advantage (RCA) indices provided strong evidence of comparative advantage enjoyed by the developing economies. However, a few developed highincome economies have enjoyed sustainable comparative advantage, especially in textiles trade. Significant negative correlations are observed between country specific income levels and the estimated absolute and relative RCA indices. While most of the developing economies achieved significant improvement of comparative advantage over time in clothing trade, the evidence is mixed for textiles. Additional evidence from Grubel-Lloyd (G-L) index of intra industry trade (IIT) suggest that global textiles trade could be mainly explained on the basis of product differentiation and economies of scale while clothing trade is more based on comparative advantage. Results of the study also suggest that the trading nations should engage in exploitation of forms of competition such as product differentiation in textiles trade, whereas for clothing, cost minimising remains a valid strategy.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"90 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128473743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BILATERAL TRADE BALANCE OF MALAYSIA TO THE UNITED STATES, JAPAN AND SINGAPORE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY","authors":"H. Wong, Hui-Ing Chong","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v4i.1430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v4i.1430","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the long-run and short-run impact of real exchange rate on bilateral trade balance of Malaysia to the United States (US), Japan and Singapore using monthly data over the period 1976:1-2004:11. Moreover, this study examines the impact of the implementation of fixed exchange rate in Malaysia in 1994 and the Asian financial crisis (1997-1998) as well as the implementation of fixed exchange rate in Malaysia after the crisis on bilateral trade balance. The generalised impulse response function is estimated to investigate the dynamics of bilateral trade balance to a shock in real exchange rate. This study finds that there is a long-run relationship among bilateral trade balance, real exchange rate, domestic income and foreign income. The generalised impulse response function shows that the J-curve phenomenon is found in the short run, particularly for the whole sample period. In the long run, depreciation or devaluation of exchange rate will improve bilateral trade balance. Thus, Marshall Lerner condition holds.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115526259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE PERFORMANCE OF MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS IN THE SINGAPORE BANKING SECTOR: AN APPLICATION OF TWO-STAGE BANKING MODELS","authors":"F. Sufian, Muhamed-Zulkhibri Abdul Majid","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v5i.1440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v5i.1440","url":null,"abstract":"An event study window analysis of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is employed in this study to investigate the effects of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) on Singapore domestic banking groups’ efficiency. The results suggest that the merger has resulted in higher Singapore banking groups’ mean overall efficiency post-merger. Despite that, from the scale efficiency perspective, the findings do not support for further consolidation in the Singapore banking sector. We found mixed evidence on the characteristics of efficiency on the acquirers and targets banks, hence, do not fully support the hypothesis of a more (less) efficient bank becoming the acquirer (target). In most cases, the results further confirmed the hypothesis that the acquiring banks’ mean overall efficiency improved (deteriorates) post-merger resulting from the merger with a more (less) efficient bank. Tobit regression model is employed to determine factors affecting bank performance. The results suggest that bank profitability has significant positive impact on bank efficiency, whereas poor loan quality has significant negative influence on bank performance.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"60 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122483834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL OF PHILIPPINE MUTUAL FUNDS USING DEA APPROACH","authors":"Mariane Pearl R. de Guzman, Emilyn C. Cabanda","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v3i.1428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v3i.1428","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on the performance appraisal of Philippine mutual fund industry from 1999-2003 using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) – Malmquist productivity index. It calculates efficiency and productivity growths in a sample of bond and stock funds, balanced funds, and in the industry. DEA is a mathematical programming technique to evaluate the relative efficiency of production units and can accommodate multiple inputs and outputs. Malmquist productivity index has decomposed total factor productivity (TFP) into two components: technological change and technical efficiency change. Results show that bond and stock funds have the highest TFP growth, owing much to technical efficiency change. Bond and stock funds are technically efficient units in the production frontier as compared with balanced funds. Our findings reveal that the Philippine mutual funds industry is technologically and technically efficient. These findings have an important policy implication. Despite that the Philippine mutual funds are found to be technologically and technically efficient, they are still underdeveloped due to poor public perception, lack of information about investment funds, and the absence of proper legislative framework. ","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130709536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION ON CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF INTERNET BANKING IN AN ISLAMIC BANK","authors":"Hanudin Amin","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v5i.1439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v5i.1439","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants that influence Internet banking acceptance among the Islamic bank’s customers. Technology acceptance model (TAM) is utilised as a point of departure. In this study, perceived credibility, amount of information on Internet banking, perceived enjoyment, and social norm are added to the model, in addition to perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use. More importantly, the estimated linear regression model suggests that perceived credibility and social norm are significant determinants of Internet banking acceptance among Muslims. In contrast, the estimated linear regression model suggests that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment and social norm are significant determinants of Internet banking acceptance among non-Muslims. Taken as a whole, the estimated linear regression model suggests that perceived credibility and social norm are significant determinants of Internet banking acceptance among the bank’s customers. Overall, the results of this study are valuable to both researchers and practitioners in providing new insights about the Internet banking from Islamic banking institution point of view.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116096951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rosilawati Amiruddin, Abu Hassan Shaari Mohd. Nor, Ismadi Ismail
{"title":"THE DYNAMIC CAUSAL BETWEEN FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA BASED ON VECTOR ERROR CORRECTION MODELING APPROACH","authors":"Rosilawati Amiruddin, Abu Hassan Shaari Mohd. Nor, Ismadi Ismail","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v5i.1438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v5i.1438","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to study the effectiveness of financial development on Malaysian economic growth by utilising quarterly data. In view of the priority given to dynamic relationship in conducting this study, the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) method which encompasses the Johansen-Juselius Multivariate cointegration, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), Impulse Response Function (IRF) and Variance Decomposition (VDC), are used as empirical evidence. The result reveals a short term and long term dynamic relationship between financial development and economic growth. The importance of financial sector in influencing the economic activity is proven as a clear policy implication.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125555331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COINTEGRATION ANALYSIS ON JAPAN’S AGGREGATE IMPORT DEMAND FUNCTION: DOES DATA FREQUENCY MATTER?","authors":"Tuck Cheong Tang","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v4i.1431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v4i.1431","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to empirically re-examine Japan’s long-run aggregate import demand function using a variety of cointegration tests. The primary contribution of this study is to compare estimates obtained from samples of quarterly, biannual, and annual data for the period 1973 to 2000. The results of bounds test and Johansen’s multivariate test show that the quantity of imports, real incomes, and relative import prices are consistently cointegrated regardless of data frequency. In contrast, the Engle-Granger’s residual-based and error correction mechanism tests reveal no cointegrating relationship in Japan’s aggregate import equation. This study thus concludes that data frequency does not affect estimates of Japan’s aggregate import demand function, but that the choice of cointegration techniques does.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133793658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TRADING BLOC EXPOSURE IN INTERNATIONAL ASSET PRICING: THE CASE OF AFTA, CER AND NAFTA","authors":"C. Hooy, K. Goh","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v3i.1427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v3i.1427","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows that the resurgence of trade regionalism has a significant impact on stock market returns of the member countries in the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), Australia-New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Arrangement (CER) and North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA). A trading bloc international capital asset pricing model (ICAPM) is proposed and we find that the trading bloc factor increases the explanatory power of the conventional ICAPM for AFTA and CER. Evidence indicates that returns of the markets in AFTA and CER are highly exposed to the trading bloc factor. At the same time, exposure to the global market is still significant, particularly for the more advanced markets of Singapore and Australia. The conventional ICAPM is still relevant for the large and leading world markets in NAFTA. The trade bloc factor, however, has minimal impact in influencing market returns of non-member countries. The findings of significant exposure to regional dynamics offer an explanation to why stock markets are generally segmented.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122370530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}