{"title":"IMPACT OF EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH IN MALAYSIA","authors":"Jacinta Jea Ling Thavarajah, Mui-Yin Chin","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3475","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyse the impact of export diversification on the economic growth in Malaysia in both the short and long run. Computed data of degree of specialisation and diversification (DSD) in Malaysia from 1987 to 2017 were utilised. Furthermore, this study takes into consideration other determinants such as foreign direct investment and human capital to examine their impacts on the economic growth in Malaysia. The findings indicate that Malaysia is experiencing diversification in its export basket. Furthermore, all the independent variables were found to be positive and significant in relation to economic growth in the long run. However, there was no short-run relationship found throughout the studies amongst the dependent and independent variables. The research findings suggested that Malaysia should diversify further in terms of export commodities and cultivate a larger partnership socially and economically with the rest of the world.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121402874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haziqah Fatinah Sulaiman, Daria Gom, Mary Monica Jiony
{"title":"INVESTIGATING BRAND AWARENESS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE MALAYSIAN HOTEL INDUSTRY","authors":"Haziqah Fatinah Sulaiman, Daria Gom, Mary Monica Jiony","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3545","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to investigate brand awareness during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Malaysian hotel industry. It specifically focuses on how brand awareness among Malaysian consumers during the COVID-19 pandemic is influenced by customer engagement and perceived quality. The population of the research consists of the customers who have patronised any hotels in Malaysia. In this research, quantitative method has been used and research data has been obtained via online questionnaires shared on social media. Convenience sampling method was applied and a total of 211 questionnaires were collected. To test the hypotheses, the social science statistical package (SPSS) version 27 was used. The findings clearly demonstrated that brand awareness among Malaysian customers during the COVID-19 pandemic is positively influenced by perceived quality and customer engagement. This study extends the limited literature on hospitality in the Malaysian hotel industry. Additionally, these findings have implications for improving customer engagement, perceived quality, and brand awareness in order to retain customers and gain a competitive advantage.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122195512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING TAX AVOIDANCE IN PREPARING FINANCIAL STATEMENT AMONG SME TAXPAYERS","authors":"Munusamy Marimuthu, S. H. Lee","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3362","url":null,"abstract":"The tax avoidance cases in Malaysia increased year by year. The tax avoidance led to country revenue under collected. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors that lead to tax avoidance among SME taxpayers in Penang, Malaysia. The study is performed by adopting the Approach-Avoidance Theory model. This model widely used to explain the decision making by the taxpayers to involve in tax avoidance activities. The framework of the study focused on four level factors namely tax complexity, tax compliance costs, tax rate and government transparency spending and tax education and tax knowledge. The objectives of this study are to determine the level and the relationship of tax complexity, tax compliance costs, tax rate and government transparency spending and tax education and tax knowledge and tax avoidance. This study employed the quantitative method by distributing the surveys to the SME taxpayers in Penang state. The total sample of this study was 420 respondents. Collected data were analyzed by using SPSS statistic version 25. As a result, the findings from the regression analysis revealed that tax complexity, tax compliance costs and tax education and tax knowledge significantly on the tax avoidance activities among SME taxpayers in Penang state. However, the study discovered that there is an insignificantly relationship between tax rate and government transparency spending with tax avoidance activities in Penang state. The results of this research are used to develop awareness among the SME owners and to reduce the tax avoidance cases in Penang, Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127304679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE IMPACTS OF OUTWARD FDI ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ASEAN-8 COUNTRIES: AN EMPIRICAL INSIGHT","authors":"Bee Wah Tan, C. Tang, Teck Khun Loo","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3368","url":null,"abstract":"ASEAN’s move to regionalise local enterprises has spurred outward foreign direct investment (FDI) flows as well as enabled sustained economic growth for ASEAN member states over the last two decades. This study examines the impact of outward FDI on economic growth in ASEAN-8 countries from 2000-2019. It employs the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimation approach to evaluate the effects of outward FDI on national economic growth. The findings indicate that outward FDI is positively and statistically significant in fostering economic growth in the ASEAN region over the short-run. However, such outward investments negatively impact the region’s economic growth over the long-run. The results indicate that regional policy makers need to adopt a flexible approach when formulating policy initiatives that incentivise outward FDI to ensure the continued sustenance of economic growth in the ASEAN region.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122498727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CONCEPTUALISING THE ROLES OF HUMAN RESOURCE IN MANAGING FLEXIBLE WORKING ARRANGEMENTS","authors":"Azirawati Asmad Latip, S. Amirul","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3217","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible working arrangements (FWAs) have been progressively becoming more prevalent in recent decades, notably in fast-growing economic countries. Human resource (HR) roles in managing FWAs is undeniable since it involves managing employees and work design. Nevertheless, the existing literature has not adequately delved far into conceptualizing the functions of HR in managing FWAs. Therefore, this paper aimed to enlighten the grey area of the HR role in FWAs. This paper is crucial as it established the critical role of HR in initiating, implementing, and developing FWAs in an organization. Understanding HR roles will lead to the success of FWAs implementation or enhancement.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128656227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CO-MOVEMENT BETWEEN BANK LOAN GROWTH AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA USING WAVELET COHERENCE ANALYSIS","authors":"Raditya Wiguna, Viverita","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3389","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the co-movement between bank loan growth and economic growth in Indonesia from 2010 to 2020 using the Wavelet Coherence Analysis. The co-movements are divided into three different categories, i.e., bank ownership type, credit types, and bank size classification based on the Indonesian Financial Services Authority (OJK), referred to as the BUKU. This study shows that economic growth precedes bank loan growth in Indonesia between 2010-2020. Meanwhile, state-owned banks show the highest correlation between economic growth and loan growth among different types of bank ownership. In contrast, foreign-owned banks' loan growth shows a low correlation to economic growth. We also find that working capital loan growth has the highest correlation to economic growth than other loan types. Finally, this study reveals that medium-size banks (classified in BUKU 3) loan growth has the highest correlation to Indonesia's economic growth. Additionally, banks' loan growth in small banks (classified in BUKU 1 & 2) and large banks (classified in BUKU 4) shows fewer correlations. By discovering different co-movements between economic growth and loan growth of different bank ownership types, bank size groups, and loan types, regulators are expected to make valid policies to improve Indonesia's economic growth.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130230230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Rifat Rahman, Md. Mufidur Rahman, Athkia Subat
{"title":"IS THE GENERAL INSURANCE BUSINESS IN BANGLADESH FINANCIALLY DISTRESSED?","authors":"Mohammad Rifat Rahman, Md. Mufidur Rahman, Athkia Subat","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3552","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the forecast of the financial crisis is a significant concern for all companies and stakeholders. As a fast-growing economy, the insurance industry in Bangladesh is also a significant concern. Nevertheless, the performance and contribution of Bangladeshi insurance companies are highly criticized by scholars. Therefore, with the motivation to provide a comprehensive overview of the financial health of the general insurance industry in Bangladesh, we have done secondary research on a total of 18 general insurance companies in Bangladesh from 2014-2018. Throughout the study, we tested the widely accepted Altman Z Score model to predict a major financial concern called bankruptcy. We found that 95% of the selected companies secured the safe but not in the highly satisfactory calculated value of the Altman Z score model. Therefore, as expected, this finding highlights the success of the growing nature insurance business in Bangladesh. Also, as the Z score model has high predictive power in the case of predicting financial distress, our findings could be valuable path for stakeholders in making the right decision for investment.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"19 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123572051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qian Zhang, Hadziroh Ibrahim, F. Ahmed, Zerdoumi Saber, Hatim Alhussien
{"title":"THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE ELDERLY EMPLOYEES ADAPTING TO CHANGES: STUDY ON SOES OF CHINA","authors":"Qian Zhang, Hadziroh Ibrahim, F. Ahmed, Zerdoumi Saber, Hatim Alhussien","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v20i1.3313","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine how the resistance to change of elderly employees and decision-making impact the organizations based in the Mainland of China, and how the personalities, education level and organizational culture as factors affect the elderly employees’ decision making on adapting to changes and learning the new skills. Based on the published literature, there is a research gap in studies of the behavior of elderly employees in China. Therefore, this study intends to provide empirical evidence towards the selected variables, where a questionnaire was used as the instrument for collecting the needed data. There were 312 participants aged over 55 years, both female and male working in government-owned organizations, who had filled up the questionnaire. The findings indicate that elderly employees are still beneficial for the organizations, whereas personalities and education were found to have little impact on adapting to changes and learning abilities. Meanwhile, the organizational culture has a positive effect on encouraging employees adapting changes and learn new skills. This study might have several limitations, e.g., the sample size only covered a small number of elderly employees in State Owned Enterprises (SOE). Furthermore, this study only covered three variables as the factors affecting the elderly employees on adapting to changes and learning new skills. Further work might consider more variables such as motivation, employees’ engagement as variables as well.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122539928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Puasa, Jiale Tan, Haneffa Muchlis Gazali, N. Ayub
{"title":"CONSUMERS’ BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION TO USE E-WALLET DURING THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19: APPLYING THE UNIFIED THEORY OF ACCEPTANCE AND USE OF TECHNOLOGY (UTAUT)","authors":"S. Puasa, Jiale Tan, Haneffa Muchlis Gazali, N. Ayub","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v19i2.2959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v19i2.2959","url":null,"abstract":"The new norm of living during the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way consumers perceived e-wallet. This study aims to: (i) examine consumers’ behavioural intention level to use e-wallet during the COVID-19 pandemic; and (ii) applied the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) in investigating the factors influencing the behavioural intention to use e-wallet during the pandemic situation. A survey questionnaire was conducted through an online platform with consumers in Kuala Lumpur. The descriptive finding (n = 205) indicates a moderate to high level of consumers’ behavioural intention to use e-wallet during the pandemic. Statistical analysis found that Performance Expectancy (p < 1%), Effort Expectancy (p < 1%) and Facilitating Conditions (p < 10%) have significant positive relationships with consumers’ behavioural intention to use e-wallet during the pandemic. The results highlight the critical factors of behavioural intention to use e-wallet in which the Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy and Facilitating Conditions remain significant during the pandemic situation. Remarkably, the consumers' behavioural intention to use e wallet is strongly influenced by Performance Expectancy compared to other variables. On the other hand, Social Influence is found insignificant in influencing the consumers’ behavioural intention to use e-wallet during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121335507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF MCO ON THE STOCK MARKET AND MORATORIUM ON BANKING SECTOR’S PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA: THE CASE OF COVID-19","authors":"Nur Izzatie Mohd Sah, Wai-Yan Wong","doi":"10.51200/lbibf.v19i2.3318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51200/lbibf.v19i2.3318","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the influence of COVID-19 on the KLCI and also the stock price of banks in Malaysia. We use the event study methodology to examine the impact of COVID-19 in the pre-and post-10 days of the event dates. Data on stock prices of are obtained from Bursa Malaysia. The findings show that the cumulative abnormal return (CAR) of the overall stock market decreased significantly after the announcement of the first Movement Control Order (MCO) in the country. This indicates that the economic and financial instability caused by COVID-19 has reduced investor confidence. The study also shows that blanket loan moratorium has resulted in a decrease of CAR for three major local banks. The MCO which was enforced to reduce the number of widespread cases was followed by the implementation of bank moratorium to assist the people due to their income reduction. Hence, our study empirically shows that banks were negatively affected by the implementation of moratorium.","PeriodicalId":163324,"journal":{"name":"Labuan Bulletin of International Business and Finance (LBIBF)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134580313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}