T. Orphanoudakis, E. Kosmatos, C. Matrakidis, A. Stavdas
{"title":"Fiber Access network architecture featuring distributed processing and function virtualization","authors":"T. Orphanoudakis, E. Kosmatos, C. Matrakidis, A. Stavdas","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185104","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand for converged media services, massive growth in bandwidth intensive data-centric applications and a desire to roll out new services at an everfaster clip raise great economic challenges to the network and service delivery ecosystem. Currently, access networks rely upon centralized packet multiplexers to perform network and protocol processing functions, manage subscriber state, and aggregate network traffic. On the other hand cloud-based applications are built around public or private clouds, web-based tools and resources executed on centralized infrastructure accessible over core networks and the Internet. However, this monolithic model can lead to capacity and space bottlenecks, compromise network services because of a lack of common feature sets, and limit the revenue that data services can produce for operators. This paper proposes a novel fiber access network infrastructure that can support distributed processing and function virtualization exploiting the HYDRA (HYbriD long-Reach fiber Access network) architecture. The proposed scheme leads to a higher degree of node consolidation and network and service convergence. We discuss how logical network virtualization and efficient resource orchestration for flexible service creation and delivery can be achieved describing indicative future services that could exploit the enhanced functionality and distributed processing paradigm.","PeriodicalId":162582,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124923813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An energy-efficient cooperative spectrum sensing","authors":"Krzysztof Cichon, H. Bogucka","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185079","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the energy consumption in the cooperative spectrum sensing is analysed. The analysis also covers the detection quality assessment and the definition of the energy efficiency (EE) metric. It is shown how cooperation among the sensing nodes affects the EE and how relaying of sensing information and node selection influences the detection probability and energy consumption. Simulation results prove that the EE of cooperative sensing depends on the link quality, the distance between node and Fusion Centre or Primary User as well as of the density of nodes in network.","PeriodicalId":162582,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123792357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uncoordinated scheduling strategies for BAN-to-BAN interference mitigation","authors":"Martina Barbi, K. Sayrafian-Pour, M. Alasti","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185121","url":null,"abstract":"A Body Area Network (BAN) is a radio standard for wireless connectivity of wearable and implantable sensors located inside or in close proximity to the human body. Medical and some other applications impose stringent constraints on battery powered BAN reliability, quality of service, and power consumption. However, lack of coordination among multiple colocated BANs in the current BAN standard may cause unacceptable deterioration of BAN reliability and quality of service due to high levels of inter-BAN interference. Assuming Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), this paper proposes inter-BAN interference mitigation using several novel uncoordinated transmission scheduling algorithms. These algorithms use patterns of past and current interference for implicit coordination across multiple BAN transmissions. Simulation results demonstrate improvement in the performance and potential benefits of the proposed strategies.","PeriodicalId":162582,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131727979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multicomponent signals for bandwidth-efficient single-carrier modulation","authors":"A. Gelgor, A. Gorlov, Evgenii Popov","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185078","url":null,"abstract":"A new class of multicomponent signals for bandwidth-efficient signaling is proposed in this paper. The multicomponent signal is a sum of its components. Each component is a linearly modulated single-carrier signal with non-overlapping finite length neighboring pulses. We propose using optimal pulse shapes, obtained as a solution of non-linear optimization problem. In this paper we used a criterion of minimal bandwidth containing 99-percent of the signal energy. As additional constraints we used an introduced inter symbol interference (ISI) measure and signal peak-to-average power ratio. For single-carrier signals numerical solutions of optimization problem were obtained. We have shown that multicomponent signals with non-zero ISI can compete with conventional orthogonal signals.","PeriodicalId":162582,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133233826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jamming LTE signals","authors":"Rafal Krenz, Soumya Brahma","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185089","url":null,"abstract":"In a majority of European countries a digital trunking TETRA system is used for Public Safety communication. This system offer voice communication and narrowband data services only. Since the introduction of first LTE commercial networks, LTE is rapidly gaining momentum within the Public Safety industry as well. Therefore it is important to verify the immunity of the system, originally designed for civil applications, to intentional jamming. In this paper some potential ways of attacks are discussed and an easy-to-implement method is analyzed in details. The results suggest that jamming LTE signals is relatively easy and can be done using low cost off-the-shelf equipment.","PeriodicalId":162582,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126483157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the robustness of LDPC encoders to hardware noise","authors":"Elsa Dupraz, D. Declercq","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185092","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the robustness of Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoders on faulty hardware. The faulty hardware effect on the encoder is represented by an error model at the XOR gate level. We review the existing LDPC encoding solutions in the works of Richardson and Urbante (2001) and Chen et al. (2005) and the code constructions in the works of Ping et al. (2001), Jin et al. (2000), and Garcia-Frias and Zhong (2003) that guarantee low encoding complexity. For each of the existing solutions, we provide the analytic expression of the encoding error probability, and we use it to evaluate the robustness of the encoders to hardware noise. We then identify the two best encoding solutions in terms of robustness and we compare their performance with Monte-Carlo simulations.","PeriodicalId":162582,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128005936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spectral efficient and interference-free spectrum sharing in cognitive radio using signal space diversity","authors":"Mohammadreza Babaei, Ümit Aygölü","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185080","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new overlay spectrum sharing protocol based on signal space diversity (SSD), is proposed for cognitive radio networks. The considered network comprises of one licensed primary transmitter/receiver (PT/PR) pair and one secondary transmitter/receiver (ST/SR) pair assisting for cooperation before transmitting its own signal on the licensed primary user's spectrum. The overall transmission is completed in three signaling intervals to avoid any mutual interference between users and the SSD is provided by coordinate interleaved orthogonal design (CIOD) which increases the transmission rate of the primary users. The outage probabilities of both primary and secondary users are analytically derived and supported via computer simulations. The results show that significant performance improvement is provided by the proposed protocol compared to the non-cooperation case and the reference scheme based on the transmission of superimposed primary and secondary signals which causes severe interference at both users.","PeriodicalId":162582,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132081439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manlio Bacco, A. Gotta, M. Luglio, C. Roseti, F. Zampognaro
{"title":"A new RA-DA hybrid MAC approach for DVB-RCS2","authors":"Manlio Bacco, A. Gotta, M. Luglio, C. Roseti, F. Zampognaro","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185118","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new MAC scheme for DVB-RCS2 aimed to efficiently address M2M/SCADA traffic. The proposed scheme relies on the idea to complement Random Access (RA) schemes with Dedicated Access (DA) schemes, when traffic spikes feed the network. The rationale is to control the offered load on the RA slots pool to keep the packet loss, due to collisions, under a pre-defined threshold. New MAC algorithms are based on the interaction between NCC and STs and add a number of new features and dynamics, such as selective switching on a full DA configuration for greedy STs. A prototype implementation has been developed on the Network Simulator NS-2 to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach in a preliminary study case. Achieved results are promising and allow highlighting the main MAC scheme dynamics, leading to practical considerations and open issues to be addressed in future activities.","PeriodicalId":162582,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126223576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of pilot reuse in multi-cell Massive MIMO","authors":"Hong Yang, T. Marzetta","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185106","url":null,"abstract":"Pilot reuse in multiple cell Massive MIMO induces coherent inter-cell interference that does not disappear with large numbers of antennas. A simple way to mitigate pilot contamination is to use a pilot reuse factor that is greater than one, which surrounds the home cell by one or more rings of non-contaminating cells. The penalty for this measure is that training consumes an increasing fraction of the slot. We perform comprehensive multiple cell semi-analytical simulations for various scenarios in order to determine the optimum pilot reuse factor. We find that in dense urban deployments, the relatively small cell size combined with low user mobility dictates pilot reuse seven. Conversely in suburban deployments pilot reuse three is optimal. Our conclusions are at variance with others who advocate pilot reuse one, which we attribute to a great extent to the fact that our performance criterion is 95% likely per user throughput rather than sum throughput.","PeriodicalId":162582,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124375939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High Performance Computing and Network Function Virtualization: A major challenge towards network programmability","authors":"P. Paglierani","doi":"10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BlackSeaCom.2015.7185102","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of emerging concepts, such as Fog Computing, Software Defined Networking and Network Function Virtualization will contribute to transform the network into a flexible and dynamical continuum of resources, on which services can be easily deployed and managed (network programmability). In this scenario, a major topic is the use of ad hoc h/w accelerators, in particular to provide the network with general purpose High Performance Computing capabilities, whose application has been so far limited to few highly specialized contexts, such as graphics or scientific computing. However, the use of h/w acceleration is generally considered in contrast with the main NFV concepts, and a major obstacle towards network programmability. This paper argues that, on the contrary, h/w acceleration and virtualization technologies are fully compatible, and together can greatly enhance the network infrastructure. In particular, the use of Graphic Computing Units in Virtual Network Functions is analyzed, and their flexible management is considered, within the innovative NFV architecture designed by the EU FP7 T-Nova project.","PeriodicalId":162582,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE International Black Sea Conference on Communications and Networking (BlackSeaCom)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123668010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}