Journal of Information Display最新文献

{"title":"Rapid and selective green laser activation of InGaZnO thin-film transistors through metal absorption","authors":"J. Park, Won-Gi Kim, Hyukjoon Yoo, H. Kim, D. Choi, Min Seong Kim, Hyun Jae Kim","doi":"10.1080/15980316.2021.1933223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2021.1933223","url":null,"abstract":"We used a pulsed green laser to activate indium gallium zinc oxide thin-film transistors (IGZO TFTs). The IGZO films with large bandgaps (>3 eV) were easily activated by heat delivered by a pulsed green laser to the gate, source, and drain metal electrodes. The IGZO TFTs were quickly and selectively activated in the absence of conventional annealing. Compared to the IGZO TFTs that were annealed at 300°C, the IGZO TFTs that were activated via pulsed green laser irradiation exhibited superior electrical characteristics: a field effect mobility of 11.98 ± 0.64 cm2 V−1 s−1, a subthreshold swing of 0.33 ± 0.02 V dec−1, and an on/off ratio of 8.28 × 109 ± 7.42 × 109, which were attributable to increases in the number of metal–oxide (M-O) bonds and oxygen vacancies, and reduced levels of OH-related species. The pulsed green laser broke weak chemical M-O bonds in the IGZO films through dihydroxylation of the OH-related species, and then strengthened the residual M-O bonds via heat transfer from the metal electrodes. This new activation process could replace conventional annealing and is expected to expand the applications of flexible and transparent devices.","PeriodicalId":16257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Information Display","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15980316.2021.1933223","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46533277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of picture quality on ultra-low brightness by optimizing the electrical potential required for OLED charging in the AMOLED displays","authors":"Sehwan Na, Won Kyung Min, Do Hyung Kim, H. Hwang, Yong‐Min Ha, Hyun Jae Kim","doi":"10.1080/15980316.2021.1923581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2021.1923581","url":null,"abstract":"The principal causes of the poor picture quality on active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays, operating under extremely low brightness and gray-scale conditions, were analyzed and verified by measuring and modelling of the electrical simulations. Through the analysis, it was found that the deteriorated picture quality was induced by a delayed saturation voltage, which means the electric potential difference between the initial voltage applied to the anode of the OLED (Vinit) and the OLED saturated voltage (Vsat) for emission. This is because the deviations of pico-ampere-level currents and delayed OLED charging prior to light emission increased the saturation voltage when there were low driving currents. Thus, we optimized the voltage by increasing Vinit from −4.5 to −2.7 V, effectively eliminating image deterioration by reducing the OLED charging delay. Thus, the proposed approach opens up advancements of obtaining superior picture quality with ultra-low luminance, even in the dark illuminance environments. We discuss how OLED picture quality may be enhanced under low brightness, including the driving methods, design considerations, and processes involved.","PeriodicalId":16257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Information Display","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15980316.2021.1923581","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43822918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress of organic light-emitting diode microdisplays for augmented reality/virtual reality applications","authors":"Chan-mo Kang, Hyunkoo Lee","doi":"10.1080/15980316.2021.1917461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2021.1917461","url":null,"abstract":"Microdisplays have been used in various applications such as beam projectors, view finders of digital cameras, projection TVs, night vision for military use, and augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) devices. Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) microdisplays have attracted much attention as main displays of glass-type and head-mounted-type AR/VR devices due to their rich colors, high contrast ratio, fast response time, small form factor, and high resolution. This review investigates the device, process, pixel circuit, and panel technologies for OLED microdisplays. In addition, the technology status and issues of OLED microdisplays are discussed.","PeriodicalId":16257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Information Display","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15980316.2021.1917461","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47154384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indium oxide nanomesh-based electrolyte-gated synaptic transistors","authors":"Wei Qin, B. Kang, Jongyeop An, Hyun Jae Kim","doi":"10.1080/15980316.2021.1911866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2021.1911866","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Based on the movement and accumulation of ions in the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([EMIM]DCA) electrolyte under a positive gate bias, the electrical double layer (EDL) was formed between a nanomesh channel and the [EMIM]DCA electrolyte to contribute to the increase in the conductance of the channel. The basic functions of artificial synapses, such as excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), paired pulse facilitation (PPF), short-term plasticity (STP), and long-term plasticity (LTP), are realized successfully. Besides, the high-pass filter function was implemented, which shows the application potential of the device in signal processing.","PeriodicalId":16257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Information Display","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15980316.2021.1911866","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48499230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfaces and pattern resolution of inkjet-printed organic light-emitting diodes with a novel hole transport layer","authors":"D. Yoon, Y. Kang, R. Bail, B. Chin","doi":"10.1080/15980316.2020.1866090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2020.1866090","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the effects of the combination of solvents on the uniformity of a dried emitting layer and on device performance were studied. Green emitter inks with various solvents were prepared, and it was seen that good film uniformity of printed layers could be obtained with a solvent mixture with different boiling points, which reduced the coffee ring effect on a dried surface. During the inkjet process, the drop injection condition aiming was also controlled for better drop-to-drop spacing and reduction of the line-edge roughness. Printed patterns of a small molecular/polymer hybrid emitting layer, composed of the chlorobenzene-dichlorobenzene solvent mixture, showed significantly reduced roughness of the microscopic surface and improved efficiency of the inkjet device, at levels nearly comparable to those of spin-coated patterns. A suitable hole transport layer (HTL) was also further developed as an interfacial material, prior to the solution processing of the emitter. The cross-linkable HTL was composed of triphenylamine as the cross-linking unit and a fluorene-based compound. At the optimized condition of the solvent formulation, printed droplets within 100 µm× 300 µm pixels formed a uniform stripe without remarkable coffee-ring defects and line-edge surface roughness.","PeriodicalId":16257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Information Display","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15980316.2020.1866090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47148982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Security use of bilayer dichroic films made of liquid crystal polymer networks","authors":"Geonhyeong Park, D. Yoon","doi":"10.1080/15980316.2021.1905723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2021.1905723","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We report on bilayer dichroic dye-doped liquid crystal (BDLC) films for patternable color codes, which can be used in anti-counterfeiting applications such as security codes and, unlike the conventional single-layer LC color films, show unique color changes depending on the direction of the polarization of the incident light that passes through them. This is a facile way to enhance the security level of security codes. BDLC films are fabricated by laminating two single-layer LC polymer network films with crossed optical axes. We believe that BDLC films can be used as a new platform for a security-enhanced anti-counterfeiting code that can replace complex chiral materials or expensive plasmonic particles.","PeriodicalId":16257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Information Display","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15980316.2021.1905723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45538371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High aspect ratio microdisplay and thin optical component for glass-like AR devices","authors":"Chan-mo Kang, Jin‐Wook Shin, Sukyung Choi, Byoung‐Hwa Kwon, Hyunsu Cho, N. Cho, Jeong-Ik Lee, Hyunkoo Lee, Jeong Hwan Lee, Hokwon Kim, Ara Cho, Sang Hyun Park, Minseok Kim, Soon-gi Park, Young-Joon Kim, Jeonghun Ha, Jaehyeok Kim, S. Kim, J. S. Lee, Seung No Lee, Yu-Bin Im, C. Byun","doi":"10.1080/15980316.2021.1902405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2021.1902405","url":null,"abstract":"Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) microdisplays have attracted much attention as displays for small form factor augmented reality (AR) devices. To realize glass-like thin and wide field of view (FoV) AR devices, we designed a display module with a high aspect ratio microdisplay and a thin optical component. For the high aspect ratio microdisplay, we developed the color OLED microdisplay with a 32:9 aspect ratio and a 0.8-inch diagonal ∼2,490-ppi CMOS backplane. To express color and reduce optical crosstalk, we fabricated the color filter (C/F) patterning directly on the white OLED. We also developed a pin mirror lens with 11 pin mirrors to improve the optical efficiency and quality with a thin lens. By combining the microdisplay with LetinAR’s pin mirror lens, we successfully demonstrated an AR device with a wide horizontal FoV of 46° but with a small form factor 4 mm lens.","PeriodicalId":16257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Information Display","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15980316.2021.1902405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45591610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the grain boundary protrusion position on the off-state current of polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors","authors":"JooWon Yang, Yong-Sang Kim, J. Jeon, K. Park","doi":"10.1080/15980316.2021.1896587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2021.1896587","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We report the effects of grain boundary (GB) protrusion on the off-state current (IOFF) of p-channel polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors by using three-dimensional technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation. We found that the IOFF at a high drain bias, VDS = −10 V, varies more than 10 times as the position of the GB protrusion changes, whereas it varies less than two times if the GB has no protrusion, i.e. has a flat surface. The TCAD analysis showed that the IOFF was mainly caused by band-to-band tunneling and that it increased noticeably when the GB protrusion was located at a certain distance from the highly doped drain region because the GB protrusion intensified the electric field at the drain junction. We also found that the IOFF increases further when the GB line is not perpendicular to the channel direction but has some tilt angle because the GB protrusion necessarily encompassed a critical region that maximized the electric field when it was positioned within the GB protrusion.","PeriodicalId":16257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Information Display","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15980316.2021.1896587","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42198546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New europium complexes and their use in red light-emitting diodes and vapoluminescent sensors","authors":"R. Devi, Rajamouli Boddula, Kasturi Singh, Satendra Kumar, S. Vaidyanathan","doi":"10.1080/15980316.2021.1879960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2021.1879960","url":null,"abstract":"Three novel trivalent europium [Eu(III)] complexes – Eu(DBM)3Phen-Ph-Ph, Eu(DBM)3Phen-mCF3-Ph, and Eu(DBM)3Phen-pCF3-Ph – were designed, synthesized, and characterized using various spectroscopic methods. Then their photophysical characteristics were investigated. The Eu complexes in the solid phase showed a pure red emission (due to the electric dipole transitions of the Eu3+ ion). In a solution, they had multiple emissions due to their ligand contribution. The solvatochromism studies revealed that the Eu(III) complexes in the methanol and DMSO solutions had both metal ion and ligand emissions with similar intensities, which yielded a white emission. Of all the Eu(III) complexes, Eu(DBM)3Phen-mCF3-Ph showed the best quantum yield. In addition, the fluorinated mCF3 ligand had an unusually high lifetime value. Its remarkable linear decrease in luminescence intensity with increasing temperature opens a new window for its use as a sensitive temperature sensor at the 30–80°C range. The CIE color coordinates of the fabricated red LEDs (InGaN) are very close to the standard NTSC CIE color coordinates for bright red emissions, and the color purity as well as the LER values of the fabricated red LEDs are also very good. The Eu(III) complexes exhibited on-off photoluminescence switching via the vapoluminescent process and responded best to the acid-base (HCl-NH3) vapors. All these features suggest that the synthesized Eu(III) complexes are efficient candidates for red-emitting LEDs and vapoluminescent sensors. Organic chromophores, which are phenanthro-imidazole ligands based on fluorinated moieties coordinated with Eu(III) metal ions, very efficiently facilitate energy transfer from the ligand to the Eu(III) ion. The CIE color coordinates of the complexes showed a bright pure red emission, with x = 0.66 and y = 0.33 (612 nm). The fabricated light-emitting diode (LED) showed superior color quality and the complexes showed on-off-on luminescence behavior after exposure to the acid-base vapors.","PeriodicalId":16257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Information Display","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15980316.2021.1879960","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43468942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical status of top-emission organic light-emitting diodes","authors":"Seong Keun Kim, Raju Lampande, J. Kwon","doi":"10.1080/15980316.2021.1876173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2021.1876173","url":null,"abstract":"Top-emission organic light-emitting diodes (TEOLEDs) that contain semi-transparent metal top cathodes and highly reflective anodes have been actively researched for display applications due to their many advantages such as their high aperture ratio, good color purity, and high efficiency. In this research, the technical design of TEOLEDs used in organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays is reviewed, covering the optical theory with the microcavity effect, optical losses, and the importance of the Purcell effect in the optical calculation. The key methodologies for addressing the high efficiency and low driving voltage of TEOLEDs are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":16257,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Information Display","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15980316.2021.1876173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43548133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}