M. Kamal, Arman Iranfar, A. Afzali-Kusha, M. Pedram
{"title":"A thermal stress-aware algorithm for power and temperature management of MPSoCs","authors":"M. Kamal, Arman Iranfar, A. Afzali-Kusha, M. Pedram","doi":"10.7873/DATE.2015.0761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.0761","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we propose a thermal stress-aware algorithm for the management of the power and temperature in MPSoCs. The algorithm, which uses a heuristic approach, controls the power consumption, maximum temperature, thermal cycles, and temporal/spatial thermal gradients of MPSoCs. At the top level, the decision on turning the cores on and off is made based on the constraints of peak temperature, maximum spatial thermal gradient, and power consumption. At the next tier, the optimal frequencies (and supply voltages) of the ON cores, formulated in a convex optimization problem, are determined again based on satisfying the constraints of the maximum total power consumption, peak temperature, thermal cycles, and also temporal thermal gradient. The technique may be applied to both the heterogeneous and homogenous MPSoCs. The efficacy of the proposed approach in reducing the thermal cycles as well as temporal thermal gradient is evaluated by comparing its results with a similar previous power and temperature management approach. The evaluation which is performed on 8-core processors under Splash2 benchmarks, demonstrates the ability of the suggested technique in limiting a considerable reduction in the thermal stress parameters.","PeriodicalId":162450,"journal":{"name":"2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127191453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Franck Wartel, Leonidas Kosmidis, A. Gogonel, Andrea Baldovin, Z. Stephenson, B. Triquet, E. Quiñones, Code Lo, E. Mezzetti, I. Broster, J. Abella, L. Cucu-Grosjean, T. Vardanega, F. Cazorla
{"title":"Timing analysis of an avionics case study on complex hardware/software platforms","authors":"Franck Wartel, Leonidas Kosmidis, A. Gogonel, Andrea Baldovin, Z. Stephenson, B. Triquet, E. Quiñones, Code Lo, E. Mezzetti, I. Broster, J. Abella, L. Cucu-Grosjean, T. Vardanega, F. Cazorla","doi":"10.7873/DATE.2015.0189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.0189","url":null,"abstract":"Probabilistic Timing Analysis (PTA) in general and its measurement-based variant called MBPTA in particular have been shown to facilitate the estimation of the worst-case execution time (WCET). MBPTA relies on specific hardware and software support to randomise and/or upper bound a number of sources of execution time variation to drastically reduce the need for user-provided information, thus replacing uncertainty by probabilities. MBPTA has been proven effective for specific single-core processor designs. However, particular hardware features and multicores in general challenge MBPTA application in industrial-quality developments. While solutions to those challenges have been proven on benchmarks, they have not been proven yet on real-world applications, whose timing analysis is far more challenging than that of simple benchmarks. This paper discusses the application of MBPTA to a real avionics system in the context of (1) software-only single-core solutions and (2) hardware-only multicore solutions with an ARINC 653 operating system.","PeriodicalId":162450,"journal":{"name":"2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127317005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automated rectification methodologies to functional state-space unreachability","authors":"Ryan Berryhill, A. Veneris","doi":"10.5555/2755753.2757138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5555/2755753.2757138","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern design cycle, significant manual resources are dedicated to fix a design when verification shows that a state is not reachable. Today there is little automation to aid an engineer in understanding why a state is not reachable and how to correct it. This paper presents a novel methodology that automates this task. In detail, a process that involves intertwined steps of state approximation, reachability analysis and traditional debugging is developed to identify design locations where fixes can be applied so the target state becomes reachable. An initial formulation identifies such error locations that, when corrected, can make the target state reachable directly from the existing reachable set of states. This is later extended for the cases where more than one state transition is required to reach an unreachable state from the existing reachable set. Empirical results on industrial level designs show a performance which is an order of magnitude faster than the state-of-the-art confirming the practicality of the proposed automated methodology.","PeriodicalId":162450,"journal":{"name":"2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125970984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NFRs early estimation through software metrics","authors":"A. Vieira, Pedro Faustini, L. Carro, É. Cota","doi":"10.7873/DATE.2015.0877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.0877","url":null,"abstract":"We propose the use of regression analysis to generate accurate predictive models for physical metrics using design metrics as input. We validate our approach with 40+ implementations of three systems in two development scenarios: system evolution and first design. Results show maximum prediction errors of 1.66% during system evolution. In a first design scenario, the average error is 15% with the maximum error still below 20% for all physical metrics. This approach provides a fast and accurate strategy to boost embedded software productivity and quality, by estimating Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs) during the first design stages.","PeriodicalId":162450,"journal":{"name":"2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126822868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Shoniker, B. Cockburn, Jie Han, W. Pedrycz
{"title":"Minimizing the number of process corner simulations during design verification","authors":"Michael Shoniker, B. Cockburn, Jie Han, W. Pedrycz","doi":"10.7873/DATE.2015.0970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.0970","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated circuit designs need to be verified in simulation over a large number of process corners that represent the expected range of transistor properties, supply voltages, and die temperatures. Each process corner can require substantial simulation time. Unfortunately, the required number of corners has been growing rapidly in the latest semiconductor technologies. We consider the problem of minimizing the required number of process corner simulations by iteratively learning a model of the output functions in order to confidently estimate key maximum and/or minimum properties of those functions. Depending on the output function, the required number of corner simulations can be reduced by factors of up to 95%.","PeriodicalId":162450,"journal":{"name":"2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115353982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergistic use of multiple on-chip networks for ultra-low latency and scalable distributed routing reconfiguration","authors":"Marco Balboni, J. Flich, D. Bertozzi","doi":"10.7873/DATE.2015.0392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.0392","url":null,"abstract":"Extending the principle of partially good die allowance to manycore processors, and testing them over time to detect the onset of permanent faults, are only feasible through proper support in the on-chip interconnection network. In fact, this implies the ability to reconfigure the routing algorithm at runtime to reflect changes in network topologies. Current literature cannot avoid a large hardware and/or software overhead when tackling this challenge. This paper exploits the existence of multiple physical networks in industry-relevant manycore processors in a synergistic way, for the sake of fast and scalable distributed reconfiguration of the routing function at runtime.","PeriodicalId":162450,"journal":{"name":"2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116150051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feature selection for Alternate Test using wrappers: Application to an RF LNA case study","authors":"M. Barragán, G. Léger","doi":"10.7873/DATE.2015.0179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.0179","url":null,"abstract":"Testing analog, mixed-signal and RF circuits represents the main cost component for testing complex SoCs. A promising solution to alleviate this cost is the Alternate Test strategy. Alternate test is an indirect test approach that replaces costly specification measurements by simpler signatures. Machine learning techniques are then used to map signatures and performances. One key point that still remains as an open problem is the conception of adequate simple measurement candidates. This work presents efficient algorithms for selecting information rich signatures.","PeriodicalId":162450,"journal":{"name":"2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122459369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yin, Dajiang Liu, Leibo Liu, Shaojun Wei, Yike Guo
{"title":"Joint affine transformation and loop pipelining for mapping nested loop on CGRAs","authors":"S. Yin, Dajiang Liu, Leibo Liu, Shaojun Wei, Yike Guo","doi":"10.7873/DATE.2015.0713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.0713","url":null,"abstract":"Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Architectures (CGRAs) are the promising architectures with high performance, high power- efficiency and attractions of flexibility. The computation-intensive portions of application, i.e. loops, are often implemented on CGRAs for acceleration. The loop pipelining techniques are usually used to exploit the parallelism of loops. However, for nested loops, the existing loop pipelining methods often result in poor hardware utilization and low execution performance. To tackle this problem, this paper makes two contributions: 1) a pipelining-beneficial affine transformation method which can optimize the initiation interval (II) of nested loop and enable multiple loop pipelines merging; 2) a multi-pipeline merging method which can improve hardware utilization further. The experimental results show that our approach can improve the performance of nested loop by up to 56% on average, as compared to the state-of-the-art techniques.","PeriodicalId":162450,"journal":{"name":"2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122899046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FP-scheduling for mode-controlled dataflow: A case study","authors":"Alok Lele, Orlando Moreira, K. V. Berkel","doi":"10.7873/DATE.2015.0938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.0938","url":null,"abstract":"Dual-Radio Simultaneous Access (DRSA) is an emerging topic in Software Defined Radio (SDR) in which two SDRs are running simultaneously on a shared hardware, typically a heterogeneous Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC). Each SDR has a independent hard latency and/or throughput requirement and needs rigorous timing analysis. Moreover, SDRs are often modeled in enriched variants of dataflow to accommodate the growing dynamic execution of SDRs, making it a challenge to perform timing analysis on them. This paper considers the preemptive Fixed Priority Scheduling (FPS) of SDRs modeled in Mode-Controlled Dataflow. To the best of our knowledge this is the first attempt on static timing analysis of FPS for a (semi-)dynamic variant of synchronous dataflow. We propose a two-phase algorithm to determine the worst-case response time of an actor. We demonstrate our analysis results for a DRSA case study of two 4G-LTE receivers.","PeriodicalId":162450,"journal":{"name":"2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129858416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sub-10 nm FinFETs and tunnel-FETs: From devices to systems","authors":"Ankit Sharma, A. A. Goud, K. Roy","doi":"10.7873/DATE.2015.0870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.0870","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a detailed device/circuit/system level assessment of sub-10nm GaSb-InAs Tunneling Field Effect Transistors (TFET) versus Silicon FinFETs operating at near-threshold voltages is reported. A source underlapped GaSb-InAs TFET is used to achieve lower subthreshold swings than previously reported TFETs and an analytical justification is provided to explain the observed improvement. Through atomistic, 2D ballistic simulations using self-consistently, coupled Non-equilibrium Green's Function (NEGF)-Poisson approach, GaSb-InAs TFET and Silicon FinFET device characteristics are derived from which compact models are extracted for SPICE simulations. Circuit simulations of a 6-stage inverter chain show that sub-10nm underlapped TFETs are especially suited for near-threshold computing because of their ability to achieve higher throughput while consuming ~100x lower power compared to Si FinFETs. To analyze the suitability of sub-10 nm TFETs for medium-throughput and ultra-low power applications in future very large scale integrated designs, a LEON3 processor is synthesized at VDD=0.25V. The impact of interconnect parasitics on the performance of TFETs is considered by studying the power-performance of the LEON3 under varying wire-load conditions. Under moderate interconnect parasitics, TFETs-based processor is shown to exhibit more than 50% power reduction compared to FinFETs.","PeriodicalId":162450,"journal":{"name":"2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128232279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}