Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Portable Devices to Detect Directed Energy: User Perceptions of Personal Risk and Protective Devices","authors":"A. Boyd, M. Naiman, Richard Preston, G. Stevenson, A. Valenta","doi":"10.4018/jcmam.2011070101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2011070101","url":null,"abstract":"The malicious use of lasers to interfere with the activities of individuals in diverse environments is a growing concern. To increase awareness of public health workers, the Tricorder, a unique laser characterization sensor, is being fabricated. In this paper, the Tricorder’s human factors aspects and operational use are studied to enhance acceptance and increase use. Users’ perspectives were collected with Q-methodology. The first question explored technical features. The second question dealt with the intended use. Twelve individuals responded to the first question, and nine individuals responded to the second question. Statistical analysis of the responses revealed four factors (common opinion groups) about equipment and three factors about use. Interestingly, job titles did not correlate with any single opinion group, implying user acceptance will depend on factors not captured by studying workflow or equipment specifications alone. Annette L. Valenta University of Illinois at Chicago, USA DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-2653-9.ch009","PeriodicalId":162417,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine","volume":"54 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114111920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Weight Change Behaviors through Online Social Networks","authors":"Xiaoxiao Ma, Guanling Chen, J. Xiao","doi":"10.4018/jcmam.2011070104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2011070104","url":null,"abstract":"Online Social Networks (OSNs) provide a good way to make connections with people with similar interests and goals. In particular, health-centered OSNs are emerging to provide knowledge and support for those interested in managing their own health. This paper provides an empirical analysis of a health OSN, which allows its users to record their foods and exercises, track their diet progress toward weight-change goals, and socialize and group with each other for community support. Based on about five month data collected from more than 107,000 users, the authors studied their weigh-in behaviors and tracked their weight-change progress. The authors found that the users’ weight changes correlated positively with the number of weigh-ins, the number of their friends, and their friends’ weight-change performance. The authors also show that the users’ weight changes have rippling effects in the OSN due to social influence. The strength of such online influence and its propagation distance appear to be greater than those in a real-world social network. of adult Americans were either overweight or obese, and 60% of U.S. adults do not exercise enough and 25% of adults do not exercise at all. It is estimated that the obesity healthcare costs US 147 billion dollars a year, doubled in less than a decade and the cost will rise to 344 billion dollars by 2018 (Hellmich, 2009). Weight management, however, requires that the participants be aware of diet knowledge, change health behaviors, and be persistent. Building a group of supporting family members, friends, and others with similar weight change DOI: 10.4018/jcmam.2011070104 International Journal of Computational Models and Algorithms in Medicine, 2(3), 46-69, July-September 2011 47 Copyright © 2011, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. goals is also an important factor to keep the participants motivated. For example, WeightWatchers is a program that works for many people (though not for all), aiming for steady and long-term weight loss by providing ongoing support and advice, education of healthier eating habits, plenty of tools and resources, and group meetings with other dieters to discuss problems. With the continued advances of Web 2.0, health-centered Online Social Networks (OSNs) are emerging to provide knowledge and support for those interested in managing their own health. These health OSNs aim to empower the users with modern technologies, such as smartphone applications and sophisticated websites, that provide easier access to health knowledge, increase health awareness, motivate better health behaviors, and track weight loss progress. These emerging health communities are often formed around new devices and applications, such as wearable FitBit (http://www.fitbit.com/) activity tracker, Internet connected Withings (http://www.withings.com/) body scale, and smartphone based RunKeeper (http://www. runkeeper.com/) mobil","PeriodicalId":162417,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114809052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalability of Piecewise Synonym Identification in Integration of SNOMED into the UMLS","authors":"Kuo-Chuan Huang, J. Geller, M. Halper, Gai Elhanan, Y. Perl","doi":"10.4018/jcmam.2011070103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2011070103","url":null,"abstract":"Synonym identification during source terminology integration into the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) is a labor-intensive task needed for every new release of the source. The piecewise synonym (PWS) methodology was previously used for the integration of a small source. The goal of this paper is to determine whether the piecewise synonym methodology with two control parameters scales to a much larger terminology (a subset of SNOMED CT), the control parameters are necessary to make the methodology viable, and the control parameters lead to any loss of matching results. Additional methods for limiting the size of the dictionary used in the PWS generation methodology are used. The authors’ methodology discovered 41% of concepts not found by string matching. The necessity and effectiveness of the control parameters were confirmed. Furthermore, when comparing the results of experiments with and without control parameters, no matches were lost. of string matching methods alone is not sufficient to solve this problem. One environment where the terminology integration task has to be performed on a massive scale is with every new release of the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). The UMLS (Bodenreider, DOI: 10.4018/jcmam.2011070103 International Journal of Computational Models and Algorithms in Medicine, 2(3), 26-45, July-September 2011 27 Copyright © 2011, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. 2004; Humphreys, Lindberg, Schoolman, & Barnett, 1998; Lindberg, Humphreys, & McCray, 1993) is a large terminological database containing biomedical terms from many source terminologies. At every new release of the UMLS (currently biannually) new source terminologies are integrated. Updates or new versions of old source terminologies are also reintegrated into the UMLS. For example, the Gene Ontology (GO) (Gene Ontology Consortium, 2010), originally integrated into the UMLS in 2004 (Lomax & McCray, 2004), had about 25,000 concepts in the UMLS version 2008AA. However, the number of GO concepts increased to more than 48,000 concepts in 2008AB. The goals of the UMLS are to overcome two problems, the distribution of useful biomedical information among disparate databases and systems and the variety of ways the same concept is expressed in different sources. The UMLS contains terminologies from different medical domains, forming a large terminological repository to solve those two problems (Cimino, 1998; Humphreys et al., 1998). However, since the repository is large, the fact that “the same concept may be expressed in many different ways in different sources” (Humphreys et al., 1998) becomes a difficulty when integrating a new source terminology into the UMLS. It is sometimes difficult to match a term from a new source with the correct concept in the UMLS, even with the help of lexical tools provided by the National Library of Medicine, such as MetaMap and Norm (Cantor et al.,","PeriodicalId":162417,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127570573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing the Performance of Tiling Arrays","authors":"M. Abbas","doi":"10.4018/jcmam.2011070102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2011070102","url":null,"abstract":"Genomic tiling arrays are able to inspect the genome of haphazard species for which the sequence is known. The plan of proper oligonucleotide probes for such arrays is computationally difficult if features such as oligonucleotide quality and recurring regions are considered. Prior works have developed the minimal tiling path problem for the choice of oligonucleotides using Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm to compute universal finest tiling paths from millions of candidate oligonucleotides on computers. Although Dijkstra’s algorithm works well, it is complicated and may take a long time for routers to process it and the efficiency of the network fails. In this paper, the author discusses a search approach that can decrease the average complexity time of tilling arrays. This aspiration is realized by searching for the shortest path to the probes using a faster algorithm. This paper enhances A* Algorithm and exploits the enhanced version, called A**, instead of Dijkstra’s algorithm. The enhanced version is more efficient and can decrease the average time complexity, thus increasing the performance of tiling array.","PeriodicalId":162417,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine","volume":"292 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133097461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Information and Computer Technology for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Facial Expression Wonderland (FEW)","authors":"Rung-Yu Tseng, E. Do","doi":"10.4018/jcmam.2011040102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2011040102","url":null,"abstract":"AbStrAct Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of the Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs). Significant deficitsin the children with ASD include lack of social communicationskills and cognitive dysfunction. This paper reviews and evaluates the influence of different kinds of InformationandComputer Technology (ICT) applications that facilitate intervention and training for children with ASD. This paper also presents a novel design prototype, Facial ExpressionWonderland(FEW), to train the children with ASD based on the progres-sive levels of training under a given background context. This prototype is designed to improve the ability of the ASD children in facial expression recognition. (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). In addition, most ASD children have certain ex-tent of mental retardation. Typically, in daily life these children lack social communication skills to interact with others and are often seen as social outcasts. For instance, ASD children, like most children, might not have eye contact with others during an inter-person conversa-tion. Others could misinterpret this manner as rude behavior when meeting these children for the first time. Additionally, they are highly","PeriodicalId":162417,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116884939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bring Out Your Data: The Evolution of the National Anesthesia Clinical Outcomes Registry (NACOR)","authors":"T. Grissom, Andrew DuKatz, H. Kordylewski, R. Dutton","doi":"10.4018/jcmam.2011040104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2011040104","url":null,"abstract":"Recent healthcare legislation, financial pressures, and regulatory oversight have increased the need to create improved mechanisms for performance measurement, quality management tracking, and outcomesbased research. The Anesthesia Quality Institute (AQI) has established the National Anesthesia Clinical Outcomes Registry (NACOR) to support these requirements for a wide-range of customers including individual anesthesiologists, anesthesia practices, hospitals, and credentialing agencies. Concurrently, the availability of increased digital sources of healthcare data make it possible to capture massive quantities of data in a more efficient and cost-effective manner than ever before. With NACOR, AQI has established a user-friendly, automated process to effectively and efficiently collect a wide-range of anesthesia-related data directly from anesthesia practices. This review will examine the issues guiding the evolution of NACOR as well as some potential pitfalls in its growth and usage. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-2653-9.ch008","PeriodicalId":162417,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130331299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information Therapy (Ix) Service and Patients' Preference","authors":"V. Z. Gavgani","doi":"10.4018/jcmam.2011040103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2011040103","url":null,"abstract":"To establish, encourage and support a successful Information Therapy service in a developing country, it is essential to identify the preferences of patients, their information needs and attitudes toward CHI and Ix. In this paper, the author examines the attitudes of patients receiving health information and information prescription in Iran. An exploratory survey with an open interview and structured questionnaire was conducted to gather data from patients of educational hospitals and clinics in Tabriz, Iran. Tabriz’s diverse dialects and literacy levels mimic a developing nation, ensuring that the findings are transferable to other developing countries. The study reveals that patients’ information needs are generally related to basic issues of health. The level of literacy impacts neither the demand for health information nor the patients’ preferred channel to receive CHI and information prescription. A localized approach, considering the socioeconomic and cultural aspects of a developing country like Iran and its limitation in using applications of information and communication technology, would make the Information Therapy and Consumer Health Information Services successful. patient safety, and patient satisfaction, not to mention the overall cost effectiveness of care (Kemper & Mettler, 2002). On the other hand, the influences of information communication technology and health informatics in the last two decades have created considerable changes in the way the public and patients access information and communicate with health providers and other patients. These crucial changes have given haste to patient centered health care and policies around the world. Consequently, the move toward embedding the Information Therapy approach and the more evidence based Consumer Health Information in the national health system of advanced countries can be observed fundamentally. For instance, in DOI: 10.4018/jcmam.2011040103 International Journal of Computational Models and Algorithms in Medicine, 2(2), 42-50, April-June 2011 43 Copyright © 2011, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. 1997, Medline Plus (http://www.medlineplus. org/) was launched by the National Library of Medicine within the U.S. National Institutes of Health to provide patients and physicians with reliable health information online. The Virginia Health Science Library, the National Library of Medicine, the National Network of Libraries of Medicine and other libraries in Iowa and Virginia collaboratively have designed Information Rx Tool Kit to assist libraries with any project-related outreach activities they may wish to initiate. In 2004, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) and the American College of Physicians Foundation collaborated to pilot Information Rx (http://nnlm.gov/hip/infoRx/), a program that provides tools to assist physicians in referring their patients to MedlinePlus.gov free of cost. In 20","PeriodicalId":162417,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129602541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance of Mesh Dimension Optimization, Geometry Simplification and Discretization Accuracy in the Study of Mechanical Behaviour of Bare Metal Stents","authors":"M. Gagliardi","doi":"10.4018/jcmam.2011010101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2011010101","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a set of analyses on the deployment of coronary stents by using a nonlinear finite element method is proposed. The author proposes a convergence test able to select the appropriate mesh dimension and a methodology to perform the simplification of structures composed of cyclically repeated units to reduce the number of degree of freedom and the analysis run time. A systematic study, based on the analysis of seven meshes for each model, is performed, gradually reducing the element dimension. In addition, geometric models are simplified considering symmetries; adequate boundary conditions are applied and verified based on the results obtained from analysis of the whole model.","PeriodicalId":162417,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114659699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home Blood Pressure Measurement: A Review","authors":"Gurmanik Kaur, A. Arora, V. K. Jain","doi":"10.4018/jcmam.2010100104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2010100104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":162417,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine","volume":"226 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130745448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization Model and Algorithm Help to Screen and Treat Sexually Transmitted Diseases","authors":"K. Zhao, Guantao Chen, T. Gift, G. Tao","doi":"10.4018/jcmam.2010100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jcmam.2010100101","url":null,"abstract":"Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) are two common sexually transmitted diseases among women in the United States. Publicly funded programs usually do not have enough money to screen and treat all patients. Therefore, the authors propose a new resource allocation model to assist clinical managers to make decisions on identifying at-risk population groups, as well as selecting a screening and treatment strategy for CT and GC patients under a fixed budget. At the same time, the authors also develop a two-step branch-and-bound algorithm tailor-made for our model. Running on real-life data, the algorithm calculates the optimal solution within a very short time. The new algorithm also improves the accuracy of an approximate solution obtained by Excel Solver. This study has shown that a resource allocation model and algorithm might have a significant impact on real clinical issues. monly reported sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States. Most infections are asymptomatic and would not be detected without asymptomatic screening, especially for women. In 2008, 1,210,523 cases of chlamydia were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States. This case count corresponds to a rate of 401.3 cases per 100,000 population, an increase of 9.2% compared with the rate in 2007 DOI: 10.4018/jcmam.2010100101 2 International Journal of Computational Models and Algorithms in Medicine, 1(4), 1-18, October-December 2010 Copyright © 2010, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010b). In 2008, 336,742 cases of gonorrhea were reported to CDC in the United States, corresponding to a rate of 111.6 per 100,000 population (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010b). Many CT and GC infections are detected through screening and treatment in public clinics. In reality, these clinics may not have sufficient budgets to screen all eligible women with the most effective CT/GC tests and to offer patients more expensive, single-dose treatments that improve adherence. To use limited resources effectively, CT and GC control programs usually provide selective screening based on defined guidelines. For example, CDC and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommend annual screening for CT for all sexually active females 25 years and younger (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010a). In addition, USPSTF also recommends screening all sexually active women younger than 25 years, including those who are pregnant, for GC if they are at increased risk for infections (U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, 2005). Identifying which subpopulations to screen for CT and GC is just one part of the real-life problem. The availability of several testing assays with various performance parameters and costs presents a challenge for screening strategies: newer diagnostic tests t","PeriodicalId":162417,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Comput. Model. Algorithms Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126495931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}