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A re-assessment of Dr Robert Knox and his contribution to early evolution science. 重新评估罗伯特-诺克斯博士及其对早期进化科学的贡献。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231223507
Ken Donaldson, Christopher Henry
{"title":"A re-assessment of Dr Robert Knox and his contribution to early evolution science.","authors":"Ken Donaldson, Christopher Henry","doi":"10.1177/09677720231223507","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231223507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dr Robert Knox was publicly scorned and disgraced for his unwitting involvement in the Burke and Hare serial murders in 1828. Far less appreciated is his brilliance as an anatomist and he espoused the European movement in Transcendental Anatomy, which aimed to uncover the laws governing what we now know as evolution and the origin of species. Knox fully embraced Transcendental Anatomy during a sojourn in Paris and taught it on his return to Edinburgh, where there was a critical mass of like-minded Transcendental Anatomists. Charles Darwin spent 1825-1827 as a medical student in Edinburgh when Transcendental Anatomy was at its peak amongst the city's anatomists, and evolution - then known as transmutation - was a source of great interest and controversy. Knox intended to research Transcendental Anatomy, but this was thwarted by conflicting demands on his time in the second half of the 1820s decade and the Burke and Hare tragedy. He did, however, go on to champion Transcendental Anatomy and write extensively on it.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"402-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A pioneer Turkish urologist-medical historian (Saim Erkun 1901-1949) and his one-century-old review about prostate. 土耳其泌尿科先驱兼医学历史学家（Saim Erkun，1901-1949 年）和他关于前列腺的百年评论。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/09677720241237786
Ayhan Verit, Muhammet I Karaman
{"title":"A pioneer Turkish urologist-medical historian (Saim Erkun 1901-1949) and his one-century-old review about prostate.","authors":"Ayhan Verit, Muhammet I Karaman","doi":"10.1177/09677720241237786","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720241237786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Saim Erkun</i> (1901-1949) was born in <i>Manisa</i> at Aegean region of Anatolia as an Ottoman citizen. While his early life was spent in late Ottoman times at military actions including military prison camp in British colony; India, his active professional productive period was in early Turkish republic period (Est. 1923, centenary). He had a good education period for medicine with the help of his good level of all main World scientific languages such as French, German, and English. Besides his main profession, he was also interested in Ottoman urological medicine around the conquer of Istanbul and allocated them a space in his books in 1930s. He was one of the earliest urology resident (1929-1933, Istanbul) of modern medicine in Turkey. He performed many urological procedures and published the outcomes following modern scientific algorithms, furthermore, there have been urological books including \"history\" partly referring to antique Ottoman literature among his publications. In this manuscript we focused on the magic word of Urology forever; \"Prostate,\" among his essays. Turkish medicine, particularly urology, renewed itself by some intelligent hard working young clinicians such as <i>Saim Erkun</i>, immediately after the short struggling by means of establishment process of modern Turkiye after World War I by the collapsing of old Ottoman Empire. Furthermore, we think that the stunning special word of urology, \"prostate,\" should especially be mentioned to emphasize the importance of this beginning.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"411-415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140143675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Zohra Begum Kazi: Pioneering Bengali female doctor and nationalist representation. 祖赫拉-贝古姆-卡兹开创性的孟加拉女医生和民族主义代表。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231223508
Md Anisur Rahman, Md Shafiqur Rahaman
{"title":"Zohra Begum Kazi: Pioneering Bengali female doctor and nationalist representation.","authors":"Md Anisur Rahman, Md Shafiqur Rahaman","doi":"10.1177/09677720231223508","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231223508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper aims to elucidate a comprehensive biographical account of Zohra Begum Kazi, the pioneering Bengali female doctor in Bangladesh. Her professional journey commenced during the British colonial time, achieved prominence during the era of Pakistan, and ultimately reached the pinnacle of her life's accomplishments in the independent Bangladesh. Despite her distinguished medical career, her life was significantly shaped by sundry historical discourses, endowing her with the attributes of a philanthropist, a revolutionist, and a nationalist. This study seeks to assess her multifaceted contributions in three distinct dimensions: firstly, her role as a medical doctor; secondly, her engagement in the nationalist movement, and thirdly, her intellectual influence as a moral and social philosopher. Through this multifaceted analysis, we aim to consign her within the annals of Bangladesh's national history as the leading Bengali female doctor.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"393-402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dr. Florence Rena Sabin (1871-1953): Remaking the Face of Medicine. 弗洛伦斯·雷娜·萨宾博士（1871-1953）：重塑医学面貌。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231198504
Ashton D Hall, Julia E Kumar
{"title":"Dr. Florence Rena Sabin (1871-1953): Remaking the Face of Medicine.","authors":"Ashton D Hall, Julia E Kumar","doi":"10.1177/09677720231198504","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231198504","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"416-418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41140541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Willance's Leap - a memorial to a successful amputation of the leg after trauma in 1606. 威兰斯之跃--纪念 1606 年一次成功的外伤截肢手术。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231217259
Henry Connor
{"title":"Willance's Leap - a memorial to a successful amputation of the leg after trauma in 1606.","authors":"Henry Connor","doi":"10.1177/09677720231217259","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231217259","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138806663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
William Attree (died 1846): Royal and army surgeon who underwent amputation of the leg at Brighton, England (1807). 威廉-阿特里（卒于 1846 年）：英国皇家军医，1807 年在英国布莱顿接受截肢手术。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231167857
Maxwell John Cooper, Benjamin Whiston, Sarah Cooper
{"title":"William Attree (died 1846): Royal and army surgeon who underwent amputation of the leg at Brighton, England (1807).","authors":"Maxwell John Cooper, Benjamin Whiston, Sarah Cooper","doi":"10.1177/09677720231167857","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231167857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>William Attree (1780-1846) came from a prominent family in Brighton, England. He studied medicine at St Thomas' Hospital, London, and there was unwell for nearly 6 months with severe 'spasms' of the hand/arm/chest (1801-1802). Attree qualified Member of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1803 and served as dresser to Sir Astley Paston Cooper (1768-1841). In 1806 Attree is recorded as 'Surgeon and Apothecary' of Prince's street, Westminster. In 1806 Attree's wife died in childbirth and the following year he underwent emergency amputation of the foot in Brighton following a road traffic accident. Attree served as surgeon in the Royal Horse Artillery at Hastings, presumably in a regimental or garrison hospital. He went onto become surgeon to the Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, and Surgeon Extraordinary to two Kings: George IV and William IV. In 1843 Attree was appointed as one of the original 300 Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons. He died in Sudbury, near Harrow. His son William Hooper Attree (1817-1875) was surgeon to Don Miguel de Braganza, the former King of Portugal. The medical literature appears to lack a history of nineteenth century doctors (especially military surgeons) with physical disability. Attree's biography goes a small way towards developing this field of enquiry.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"359-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9343995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lest we forget: Dr Wu Lien-Teh (1879-1960). 我们不能忘记：吴连德博士（1879-1960 年）。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-04 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231177679
Anoushka Bucktowar, Hareesha Rishab Bharadwaj, Matan Bone
{"title":"Lest we forget: Dr Wu Lien-Teh (1879-1960).","authors":"Anoushka Bucktowar, Hareesha Rishab Bharadwaj, Matan Bone","doi":"10.1177/09677720231177679","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231177679","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"418-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9627418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
B. G. Johns and his "famous blind men" the genesis of heroic blindness in Victorian England. B.G. 约翰斯和他的 "著名盲人"--维多利亚时代英国盲人英雄的起源。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231217203
Curtis E Margo, Lynn E Harman
{"title":"B. G. Johns and his \"famous blind men\" the genesis of heroic blindness in Victorian England.","authors":"Curtis E Margo, Lynn E Harman","doi":"10.1177/09677720231217203","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231217203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1876, Bennett George Johns, a minister and chaplain at the school for the blind in St George's Field, published <i>Blind People: Their Works and Ways; with Sketches of the Lives of Some Famous Blind Men.</i> The book provided a window into the lives of the blind in Victorian England, with an emphasis on their education-or lack thereof. Johns was an observer of the blind and sympathetic to their plight. His depictions of schools were dispassionate, yet gently argued for improvement. Rather than rely on pity, he emphasized the benefits of institutionalized life and recounted the extraordinary achievements of four blind men. The creation of heroic historical figures had traditionally been employed to venerate political, military, or religious personages. Its use in shaping public perception of blindness was novel. This paper explores Johns's book as an early example of the innocent, myth-building of the blind and considers whether the process is always harmless.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"385-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138806662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A quest of Vera M. Danchakoff, a pioneer of stem cell research. 干细胞研究先驱维拉-丹恰科夫（Vera M. Danchakoff）的探索之旅。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/09677720241285499
Alexey Zubritskiy, Ingrida Balnyte, Tyson A Fricke, Igor E Konstantinov
{"title":"A quest of Vera M. Danchakoff, a pioneer of stem cell research.","authors":"Alexey Zubritskiy, Ingrida Balnyte, Tyson A Fricke, Igor E Konstantinov","doi":"10.1177/09677720241285499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09677720241285499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vera Mikhailovna Danchakova (1877-1950), also written in English as Danchakoff and in German as Dantschakoff, was the first woman to graduate with a PhD in Russia. She was a person of many interests and a strong passion for teaching and social justice that may have interfered with her pioneering stem cell research and cell biology, which was far ahead of its time. Danchakova significantly contributed to the unitarian theory of haematopoiesis along with its founder Alexander A. Maximow. She studied the origin of blood cells, the differentiation of tissues and organs in the process of embryonic development of animals, the formation of germ cells and the effect of hormones on the development of organisms. She discovered the role of stem cells in the laying of new tissues, the proof of the extragonadal origin of primary germ cells in birds and the development of methods for transplanting tissues into live embryos. She has been named 'the mother of stem cells' for her investigations of progenitors of cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"9677720241285499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Albert Sharman (1903-1970): Gynaecologist, inventor and teacher. 阿尔伯特-沙曼（1903-1970 年）：妇科医生、发明家和教师。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/09677720241240263
Kenneth Collins
{"title":"Albert Sharman (1903-1970): Gynaecologist, inventor and teacher.","authors":"Kenneth Collins","doi":"10.1177/09677720241240263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09677720241240263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Albert Sharman was a Glasgow-born and based gynaecologist who pioneered research into infertility and the diagnosis of pregnancy using new techniques of investigation and treatment, many of his own design. His Fertility Clinic, opened in 1931, was the first in Britain, and became a model for those that followed. Working at Glasgow's Royal Samaritan Hospital for Women, he published widely in the medical press, especially the <i>British Medical Journal</i> and the <i>Lancet</i>, and he authored and co-edited several books, some aimed at a medical audience while others sought to explain complex issues surrounding puberty, fertility and the menopause to the general public.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"9677720241240263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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