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A family at war: The life and times of Frank McLardy, pharmacist. 战争中的家庭药剂师弗兰克-麦克拉迪的生平与时代。
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231167794
Chris Jones
{"title":"A family at war: The life and times of Frank McLardy, pharmacist.","authors":"Chris Jones","doi":"10.1177/09677720231167794","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231167794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>George Francis 'Frank' McLardy (1915-1981) was a pharmacist who lived in Formby in the 1930s. He came from an unremarkable lower middle-class family and enjoyed considerable success at school and later at technical college and pharmacy school. He became a qualified pharmacist just before the war broke. He volunteered for the army and was sent to France with the British Expeditionary Force. In France, he witnessed the collapse of the allied forces and was quickly captured. He spent the rest of the war in Poland and in Germany. This was the fate of many young men during the war. What makes McLardy's case unique is that, prior to the war, had a very active role in the Liverpool district of the British Union of Fascists and, while a prisoner of war (POW) he offered to work for the Germans against the Russians and visited POW camps recruiting British men for a unit which aimed to go to the eastern front and fight in German uniforms. Moreover, he did all this while still actively using his qualification as a pharmacist.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"205-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9247711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disease versus disease: Paolo Zacchia on syphilis and epilepsy. 疾病与疾病：保罗-扎奇亚（Paolo Zacchia）谈梅毒与癫痫。
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.1177/09677720221129856
Jacalyn Duffin, Daryn Lehoux
{"title":"Disease versus disease: Paolo Zacchia on syphilis and epilepsy.","authors":"Jacalyn Duffin, Daryn Lehoux","doi":"10.1177/09677720221129856","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720221129856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lawyer and physician Paolo Zacchia (1584-1659) was the chief physician at the Vatican and an important advisor to the papal court. He is considered a founder of the field of forensic pathology, and the influence of his masterwork, <i>Quaestiones medico-legales</i>, spread throughout Europe. In this essay, we focus on one of Zacchia's consultations, first published posthumously in 1661. Emerging from a cause for beatification, the case features the intriguing medical notion of one disease curing another. Zacchia was to determine if a young man's recovery from epilepsy was miraculous or not. We will briefly review Zacchia's career, examine his argument and the sources on which he based his reasoning in this case, trace the status of the disease-versus-disease notion to the present, and demonstrate that this consultation represents a rare, if not the only example of syphilis being the curative agent - rather than the disease cured.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"248-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11151704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10343443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An ophthalmologist fought against trachoma in Turkey and his books from an archive: Dr Nuri Fehmi Ayberk and The Development of Ophthalmology in Turkey. 一位在土耳其与沙眼斗争的眼科医生及其档案中的书籍：努里-费米-艾伯克博士和《土耳其眼科的发展》。
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231177292
Çağatay Üstün, Seçil Özçiftçi
{"title":"An ophthalmologist fought against trachoma in Turkey and his books from an archive: Dr Nuri Fehmi Ayberk and The Development of Ophthalmology in Turkey.","authors":"Çağatay Üstün, Seçil Özçiftçi","doi":"10.1177/09677720231177292","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231177292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dr Nuri Fehmi Ayberk is an influential figure in the Turkish ophthalmology in training new specialists in the field and contributing to the fight against trachoma. This article includes his short biography, studies, information and cover pictures of some of his works from the original archive of Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of History of Medicine and Ethics, Fatma-Ömer Ekimci Library. He took an active role in the establishment of the Turkish Ophthalmological Association in our country (1928) and served as a founding member. Conducting such studies on the biographies and rare books subgroup of the history of medicine is an important contribution to ensure that the biographies of physicians who have left their mark in the past and have achieved success in different specialties are narrated, remembered, and the information and cover pictures of their works in different archives meet with the reader.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"181-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9865321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hideo Fukumi: Medical research in the shadow of biological warfare. Hideo Fukumi：生物战阴影下的医学研究
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231167784
Xianliang Dong
{"title":"Hideo Fukumi: Medical research in the shadow of biological warfare.","authors":"Xianliang Dong","doi":"10.1177/09677720231167784","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231167784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hideo Fukumi (1914-1998) is renowned for his position as the director of Japan's National Institute of Health and his scientific contributions to the fields of bacteriology, virology and epidemiology. This article introduces Fukumi's career cultivated over decades in the Japanese national medical system and focuses on his research on <i>Shigella</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> and influenza. Yet any assessment of his career also has to take into account the considerable controversy and scandal it engendered. This necessary reassessment situates Fukumi's contribution within what has been revealed of Japan's biological weapons programme which reached its zenith during the Second World War. Very few scientists, including Fukumi, were prosecuted for their roles in this programme. Contrarily, they became core personnel in post-war medical research due to the patronage of the United States-Japan alliance in the context of the Cold War. Controversies that later surfaced over Fukumi's role in influenza immunisation campaigns reflect two currents of debate: A belated reckoning with Japan's use of biological weapons and the way this was 'normalised' and overlooked in the post-war period. The role of Japanese scholars and citizens' movements who have interrogated Japanese war crimes and the U.S. cover-ups and made a demand for greater ethical transparency in medical science.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"194-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9234302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The statue of Susan La Flesche Picotte (1865-1915): A pioneer of Native American public health. Susan La Flesche Picotte（1865-1915 年）的雕像：美国原住民公共卫生的先驱。
IF 0.3 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-09 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231168636
Mahnoor Javed, Hareesha Rishab Bharadwaj
{"title":"The statue of Susan La Flesche Picotte (1865-1915): A pioneer of Native American public health.","authors":"Mahnoor Javed, Hareesha Rishab Bharadwaj","doi":"10.1177/09677720231168636","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231168636","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"277-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9633817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
William Butler (1535-1618): A biography of a singular physician. 威廉-巴特勒（1535-1618 年）：一位奇特医生的传记。
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1177/09677720221146546
Matt Butler
{"title":"William Butler (1535-1618): A biography of a singular physician.","authors":"Matt Butler","doi":"10.1177/09677720221146546","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720221146546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>William Butler (1535-1618) was a man without a medical degree who was styled as the 'greatest physician of his age'. He was famous in his lifetime, and in the latter stages of his career was involved with the royal court, attending to King James I and his son, Prince Henry. Butler was an empiricist who practiced confidently and compassionately in a time of limited medical understanding. He was also a man of contradictions: he was loved and respected by his contemporaries but could be cantankerous and obtuse; he was anti-establishment, complaining bitterly about the restrictive monopolisation of medicine sustained by the Royal College of Physicians, but advanced his career via connections within the aristocracy; he sometimes practiced orthodox Galenic medicine, but was at times highly unconventional in his treatments. Posthumously, despite some compelling historical studies of Butler, there has been a great deal of embellishment of his behaviour and practice. This biography draws from Butler's own letters, contemporary writers and modern scholarly literature. It aims to arrange these sources into a verifiable narrative of this singular physician's life.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"239-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11151699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10525463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Midsummer Night's Gene: The familial Neurological Illness of Felix Mendelssohn. 仲夏夜之基因：费利克斯-门德尔松的家族神经病
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-12 DOI: 10.1177/09677720211046584
Tess Ek Cersonsky, Julie Roth
{"title":"A Midsummer Night's Gene: The familial Neurological Illness of Felix Mendelssohn.","authors":"Tess Ek Cersonsky, Julie Roth","doi":"10.1177/09677720211046584","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720211046584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy (1805-1847) is widely regarded as one of the musical geniuses of the Romantic period. A prodigy akin to Mozart, Mendelssohn composed piano works, symphonies, and concertos at an early age but died young, at 38. His death has been attributed to neurological disease, but the mystery of his diagnosis is amplified by the fact that his sisters died under similar circumstances, including the renowned composer, Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel. Mendelssohn died after years of suffering from headaches, earaches, and mood disturbances. In the final year of his life, his acute decline was marked by stepwise, progressive neurologic deficits: gait disturbance, loss of sensation in the hands, partial paralysis, and, finally, loss of consciousness. The similar pattern of disease within his family suggests an underlying genetic link, though this may be multifactorial in nature. We present a thorough, posthumous differential diagnosis for Mendelssohn's illness, given his medical history, the familial pattern, and hints from within his music. Possible diagnoses include ruptured cerebral aneurysm with resultant subarachnoid hemorrhage, familial cerebral cavernous malformation, and cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). Continued research into Mendelssohn's life may yield more information about his illness, death, and possibly true diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"264-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39508807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Achyranthes japonica extract as phytogenic feed additive enhanced nutrient digestibility and growth performance in broiler. 牛膝提取物作为植物性饲料添加剂可提高肉鸡的营养消化率和生长性能。
IF 2.7 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e56
Md Mortuza Hossain, Sungbo Cho, In Ho Kim
{"title":"<i>Achyranthes japonica</i> extract as phytogenic feed additive enhanced nutrient digestibility and growth performance in broiler.","authors":"Md Mortuza Hossain, Sungbo Cho, In Ho Kim","doi":"10.5187/jast.2023.e56","DOIUrl":"10.5187/jast.2023.e56","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Achyranthes japonica</i> extract (AJE) is derived from a medicinal plant <i>Achyranthes japonica</i>, known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. AJE contains multiple bioactive compounds, including saponins, triterpenoids, phytoecdysteroids, 20-hydroxyecdysone, and inokosterone. The aim of this investigation was to examine the impact of AJE as a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta microbial count, noxious gas emissions, breast meat quality in broilers. About three hundred and sixty, day-old broilers (Ross 308) were assigned into four treatments (five replication cages/treatment, and 18 birds/cage). Dietary treatments: CON, basal diet; 0.02% AJE, basal diet with 0.02%; 0.04% AJE, basal diet with 0.04% AJE, and 0.06% AJE, basal diet with 0.06% of AJE. Body weight gain increased linearly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) through the inclusion of AJE during days 7 to 21, 21 to 35, as well as the entire experimental period. Besides, feed intake increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) linearly during days 21 to 35 and the entire experiment with the increased AJE doses in broiler diet. Dry matter digestibility was increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) linearly along with increasing amounts of AJE. With increasing AJE supplementation, nitrogen and energy utilization tended to improve (<i>p</i> < 0.10). In summary, the addition of AJE in the corn-soybean meal diet led to higher body weight gain and increased feed intake as well as enhanced nutrient digestibility, among them the highest improvement was found in 0.06%-AJE indicating the acceptance of AJE as a phytogenic feed additive.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":"7 1","pages":"471-481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11222119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87270119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Surgeon Henry Tonks and the blur of artistry. 外科医生亨利-唐克斯（Henry Tonks）和艺术的模糊。
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231165002
Thomas S Helling
{"title":"Surgeon Henry Tonks and the blur of artistry.","authors":"Thomas S Helling","doi":"10.1177/09677720231165002","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231165002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The professional career of 20th Century British surgeon and artist Henry Tonks provides a unique perspective into the complex balance of technique, creativity, and empathy necessary to heal both body and soul. For Tonks, the skills of surgery did not suffice to address his intense emotional attachment to his suffering patients. For that reason, he turned to painting as an expression of deeper efforts to demonstrate human suffering to which he was so sensitive and which engulfed him at times in the tragedies of mankind. Nevertheless, his appreciation of the fine details of surgery and surgical manipulations of the body never diminished. His anatomic sketches proved invaluable in reconstructive surgery. Yet, his preference remained to display the entire dimensions of his world through brush and colors. In the process, concern for the personal imperfections of both of his chosen professions enabled Tonks to continually analyze his artistry and to instill that same discipline in his students. This, too, made him a revered teacher and effective interpreter of humanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"212-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9162107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Jean Baptiste Lucien Baudens: The father of trauma laparotomy. 让-巴蒂斯特-吕西安-鲍登斯：创伤开腹术之父
IF 0.2 4区 哲学
Journal of Medical Biography Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.1177/09677720231177680
David Ray Velez
{"title":"Jean Baptiste Lucien Baudens: The father of trauma laparotomy.","authors":"David Ray Velez","doi":"10.1177/09677720231177680","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09677720231177680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jean Baptiste Lucien Baudens (1804-1857) was a French military surgeon. He served in numerous military conflicts throughout his career. Baudens was an innovator and a leader. Going against traditional dogma, he was the first to attempt laparotomy in the setting of trauma. Although the first patient died, his second survived without further complication. Despite this historical landmark, little is known or written about him within the English literature. Jean Baptiste Lucien Baudens was a pioneer of surgery and the father of trauma laparotomy. He was a passionate educator and dedicated to the training of future surgeons. His contributions to the field of surgery deserve recognition and appreciation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16217,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Biography","volume":" ","pages":"177-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9893281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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