{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF EVACUATED TUBE COLLECTORS","authors":"A. Ghoneim, N. Fisch, A. Ammar, E. Hahne","doi":"10.1080/01425919408914263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01425919408914263","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper investigates the performance of evacuated tube collectors. A dynamical model is implemented to determine the performance of four different evacuated tube collectors. Multiple regression analysis is used to fit measurements to the dynamical model to identify collector parameters. Also, a comparison between steady state and dynamical test results is carried out. The dynamical model excellently fits the measurements.","PeriodicalId":162029,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solar Energy","volume":"114 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114468718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BIOMASS BASED SYSTEMS FOR THE GENERATION OR COGENERATION OF ELECTRICITY","authors":"P. Barbucci, G. Trebbi","doi":"10.1080/01425919408909831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01425919408909831","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The potential of biomass in producing electric energy and heat is assessed. Some productivity and cost data are provided, based on both direct ENEL experience and other available information. The conversion technology options are reviewed and, in particular, IGCC schemes based on gasification or liquefaction of biomass are considered. For both cases the cost of electricity is estimated and compared with the corresponding STIG schemes. Finally, the main areas in which a research effort is needed are outlined.","PeriodicalId":162029,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solar Energy","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127359661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN EUROPE","authors":"W. Palz, G. Caratti, A. Zervos","doi":"10.1080/01425919408909818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01425919408909818","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For almost two decades now, the Commission of the European Communities has been carrying out multi-annual and shared-cost research programmes on renewable energy sources with particular focus on solar, wind and biomass. The principal long-term objectives of the Commission programmes are to contribute to reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, diversifying Europe's energy mix, improving security of energy_supply, strengthening the technological base of European industry and assisting the development of less favoured regions and countries. Their purpose is to guide, balance and complete the individual programmes carried out by the twelve Member States and to allow everybody in the Community to participate to the widest possible extent. At the onset, the emphasis was on exploring the potential contribution of renewable energies in the aftermath of the first oil crisis. Today, these programmes have reached maturity. A number of important achievements have brought Europe on the forefront of w...","PeriodicalId":162029,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solar Energy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123969241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LARGE WIND TURBINES: A EUROPEAN COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME","authors":"E. Hau","doi":"10.1080/01425919408909834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01425919408909834","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract At the present time, the commercial use of wind energy for electricity production is based on series produced wind energy turbines with power ratings up to approximately 500 kW. In a good wind regime turbines of this kind can achieve energy production costs near to conventional generating costs. Very large wind energy conveners in the megawatt range have been under development for about 15 years, but as yet their commercial contribution is small. The European Commission has taken a coordinated initiative to support the development of large wind turbines in the Megawatt power range. In the R&D programmes JOULE and THERMIE a variety of projects are being developed and demonstrated. The aim is the availability of economic large wind turbines for commercial application.","PeriodicalId":162029,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solar Energy","volume":"1986 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125469472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DAYLIGHTING TECHNOLOGIES IN NON-DOMESTIC BUILDINGS","authors":"P. E. Kristensen","doi":"10.1080/01425919408909822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01425919408909822","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Natural daylight is an inexpensive and very efficient light source provided that the amount of daylight entering a building is controlled according to demand. In commercial buildings electricity for lighting can be cut by 50-75% using daylighting design techniques in combination with efficient artificial lighting. New lighting control technologies and advanced computer simulation tools lo optimize large buildings makes it possible to exploit these energy savings. Daylight is a very efficient light source, providing more light for less input of thermal energy than any other artificial light source. Efficient shading systems are now emerging systems that can control the admission of daylight to the room according to requirement, and avoid overheating. Some of these systems, such as reflective light shelves, will also contribute to a better distribution of the daylight available by redistributing some daylight to the back of the room. However, more work is needed to develop and test such combined da...","PeriodicalId":162029,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solar Energy","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117120593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SYSTEMS FOR THE ENERGETIC USE OF BIOMASS : A GENERAL VIEW","authors":"G. Grassi","doi":"10.1080/01425919408909828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01425919408909828","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Climate change, environmental degradation, agriculture decline burdened with heavy socio-economic implications and increasing energy needs for sustainable development and economic growth, have stimulated a frenetic search for acceptable solutions to improve this critical situation. Biomass production and utilisation for energy has given rise to many discussions for its environmental impact. This paper presents a point of view that bio-energy could assume sustainable environmental features for our future.","PeriodicalId":162029,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solar Energy","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124033896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INDOOR AIR QUALITY: INSIGHTS FOR DESIGNING ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS","authors":"E. Fernandes","doi":"10.1080/01425919408909820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01425919408909820","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Indoor air quality has become an issue of increasing concern. The causes were mainly associated with some energy conservation measures, particularly reductions in ventilation levels, originated by the oil crisis of the 70's meanwhile, the real causes for indoor air pollution have been identified and great scientific and technical progress towards a better knowledge of the scientific basis of indoor air quality has been accomplished in recent years. At the European Community level, among others, the activities developed since 1986 under the Community Concerted Action “Indoor Air Quality and its impact on Man” and, more recently, also in the JOULE project “European Audit Project to Optimise Indoor Air Quality and Energy Consumption in Office Buildings” have given a major contribution for the enhancement and transfer of that knowledge towards the practitioners. At the CEN level, the work carried out by TCI56 while preparing the European Standard \"Ventilation for Buildings: Design Criteria for the In...","PeriodicalId":162029,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solar Energy","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125534407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INTRODUCTION OF NEW ENERGIES IN UTILITY NETWORKS","authors":"J. Walker","doi":"10.1080/01425919408909832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01425919408909832","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper discusses the penetration and integration of new energy technologies into electricity utility networks. The characteristics of new energy sources are discussed and the influence they have on utility planning, particularly with respect to the diffuse nature of these sources and the intermittency of some of them. Particular attention is paid to wind power, which has reached the milestone of 1000 MW of installed capacity in the European Communities and which has now been extensively studied. Integration issues relating to other technologies are touched on, including biomass, photovoltaics, tidal and wave energy and OTEC. The importance of new energy utilisation measures is emphasised within integrated resource planning (IRP) and the emerging “distributed utility” concept is discussed. The effects of these changes will be profound.","PeriodicalId":162029,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solar Energy","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114205258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GRID-CONNECTED PV SYSTEMS -THE ROLE OF THE UTILITY SECTOR","authors":"E. T. Horst","doi":"10.1080/01425919408909826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01425919408909826","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The development of photovoltaic solar energy (PV) has accelerated in the past decade. On the one hand, the improvements in solar cell types are very promising, while, on the other hand, the market for autonomous (off-grid) applications has grown substantially. The development of grid-connected PV systems especially in the built-up environment is just starting up, both worldwide and in Europe. The energy losses currently present at system level will be reduced in the following years by implementing and assimilating practical experiments and demonstration projects. Developments in Europe and some other countries will be described briefly. The interest in PV system developments is increasing and focussing more and more on the electricity utility sector. It is clear that the utility sector will play an important role in the upscaling of the market for PV in energy supply. It is necessary, therefore, that the utility sector develops a long-term view, with a horizon of at least 25 years, on the role of...","PeriodicalId":162029,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solar Energy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122982380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TOWARDS A NEW ATLAS OF SOLAR RADIATION IN EUROPE","authors":"K. Scharmer","doi":"10.1080/01425919408909824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01425919408909824","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A new solar radiation atlas for Europe up to the Ural and including neighbouring mediterranean territories will be produced by a European group of experts. The atlas will be oriented towards the needs of the users like solar architects and engineers, respecting the state of the art of their working field and their need of precise input data. rom best available measured solar data complemented with other meteorological data necessary for solar engineering, maps for the European continent will be produced. Satellite images will help to improve precision. TRY or DRY will be included. The “hard copy” atlas will be complemented by a PC-package including a data base whith the mapping in digital form with high resolution, algorithms to calculate derived parameters and input files for engineering problems. The PC-package will be complemented by a users' guidebook. Information from past and ongoing CEC solar projects will be integrated.","PeriodicalId":162029,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Solar Energy","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131783099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：