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THE HISTORICAL AND LEGAL BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM OF SHARING THE NILE WATER 分享尼罗河水问题的历史和法律背景
Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.54132/akaf.1473542
Mohamed El Gaby
{"title":"THE HISTORICAL AND LEGAL BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM OF SHARING THE NILE WATER","authors":"Mohamed El Gaby","doi":"10.54132/akaf.1473542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54132/akaf.1473542","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of sharing the Nile waters is one of the most important factors of insecurity in the East Africa Region. It arose from the clash of the countries` claims on Nile water. This study attempts to discuss the Nile water-sharing problem in a historical and legal frame by examining the international order of waterways and the agreements related to Nile water usage. The study also briefly explains the history of the clashes between Nile Basin countries explaining their different points of view. Finally, the study delivers the Grand Renaissance Dam of Ethiopia as a case study to present a concrete discussion of the Nile water-sharing problem and its impact on the stability of the African continent. The study`s main aim is to highlight the insufficiency of the international order of waterways and the consequences of that on the political status. The study also shows the strong connection between the International System's legal problems and political problems.","PeriodicalId":161627,"journal":{"name":"Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi","volume":"59 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141697765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS IN AFRICA: CLIMATE JUSTICE AND MIGRATION 气候变化对非洲的影响：气候正义与移民
Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi Pub Date : 2023-12-24 DOI: 10.54132/akaf.1402787
Saliha Meti̇n
{"title":"CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS IN AFRICA: CLIMATE JUSTICE AND MIGRATION","authors":"Saliha Meti̇n","doi":"10.54132/akaf.1402787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54132/akaf.1402787","url":null,"abstract":"İklim değişikliği antropojenik kaynaklı küresel bir sorundur. Bu sorunun ortaya çıkmasında endüstriyel büyüme ve onun net sonucu olan Dünya’nın soğurma kapasitenin çok üzerinde sera gazı emisyonu yapılması etkilidir. Sera gazı emisyonlarındaki artış ve karbon salınımının kontrol edilememesi beraberinde iklim değişikliğini doğurmuş bu da “iklim adaleti” kavramını küresel literatüre kazandırmıştır. Zira, antropojenik etkilerde en az payı bulunan ülkeler iklim değişikliğinden en çok etkilenenlerdir. Refahın ve risklerin eşitsiz dağılımını inceleyen “İklim adaleti”, sera gazı emisyonlarında sorumluluğu bulunan gelişmiş sanayi ülkelerini gelişmekte olan yoksul ülkelere karşı ekolojik bir borçluluğunu da savunmaktadır. Sera gazı emisyonlarının oldukça düşük bir bölümünden sorumlu olmasına rağmen iklim adaletsizliğinin en bariz görüldüğü bölgelerden biri Afrika Kıtası’dır. İklim değişikliği Afrika’da gıda ve suya erişim sıkıntısı, geçim kaynaklarının kaybedilmesi, bulaşıcı hastalıkların yayılması, hijyen sorunu, göç ve kültürel kayıplar gibi problemlere neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, “iklim adaleti” kavramının Afrika özelinde göç ile ilişkisini incelemektedir. Çalışmada literatür taraması tekniği kullanılarak Afrika’da iklim değişikliği kaynaklı göçlerin nedenleri ve sonuçları irdelenmiş ve ortaya çıkan adaletsizliklerden bahsedilmiştir. Özellikle uluslararası alanda iklim göçmenlerine ilişkin net bir hukuki çerçeve bulunmaması, insan haklarını koruma konusunda zorluklara neden olmaktadır. Betimleyici metodoloji ile kaleme alınan bu makale iklim adaletini sağlamak için ortaya çıkan finansal yardımların yeterliliğini de tartışmaktadır. Afrika’nın iklim değişikliği bağlamında karşılaştığı olumsuzluklar ve riskler, iklim göçmenlerini de içine alan adil yaklaşımların benimsenmesi ihtiyacını göstermektedir. Bu nedenle hem iklim adaletini sağlamak hem de gelecek nesillerin yaşamını sürdürebilir kılmak açısından maddi yardımlarla kısıtlanmayan, daha kapsayıcı küresel politikalar geliştirmek önemlidir.","PeriodicalId":161627,"journal":{"name":"Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi","volume":"2021 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AND HUMAN SECURITY: THE CASE OF OGIEK COMMUNITY IN KENYA 原住民与人类安全：肯尼亚 OGIEK 社区的案例
Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.54132/akaf.1398125
Buket Altinçelep
{"title":"INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AND HUMAN SECURITY: THE CASE OF OGIEK COMMUNITY IN KENYA","authors":"Buket Altinçelep","doi":"10.54132/akaf.1398125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54132/akaf.1398125","url":null,"abstract":"One of Kenya’s indigenous people, the Ogieks have a long history of struggle and resistance to preserve their land, means of subsistence, identity, and cultural distinctiveness. Ogieks were able to protect their land rights through the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights in 2017. In this regard, this article will examine the Ogiek’s case, providing a brief overview of its historical background, the judicial procedures, and a critical analysis utilizing a human security perspective based on global governance. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to respond to the question, ‘‘how does the application of a human security approach within global governance contribute to our understanding of the challenges faced by indigenous communities in the chosen case?’’. Taking into account that the Ogiek issue is not limited to a specific community, this study argues that the issues brought up by the Ogiek are more general concerns about land rights and general well-being that are relevant to many indigenous communities. As such, the Ogiek case aims to serve as a lens through which to examine the applicability of human security strategies in preserving the rights and general welfare of indigenous populations.","PeriodicalId":161627,"journal":{"name":"Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kuzey Afrika Örneğinde Fransa'nın Afrika Sömürge Politikaları 从北非案例看法国的非洲殖民政策
Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.54132/akaf.1393086
Mohamed Abdelrhman Mohamed Ali̇
{"title":"Kuzey Afrika Örneğinde Fransa'nın Afrika Sömürge Politikaları","authors":"Mohamed Abdelrhman Mohamed Ali̇","doi":"10.54132/akaf.1393086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54132/akaf.1393086","url":null,"abstract":"Between the 18th and the 20th century, France built a great colonial empire in Africa. The French Colonization had its authentic mentality since France as a state passed many historical developments, which consequently affected its colonial methods. The study aims to review summarily the French colonial policy by identifying general determinants for its methods by taking North Africa as a study case. The study starts with a brief look at the history of French colonialism and the philosophy of French colonialism. Then, the study reviews North Africa as a study case briefly as a practical example of those colonial styles. Throughout the essay, the study uses the historical approach and deduction from specific to general, and from the study case to generalize the whole scope of the study, in order to reach the result that the French colonization was more direct and violent compared to the British one. However, the French colonization was still influenced by the British methods in some areas, and North Africa is one of them. Moreover, the French colonization was based more on the idea of making those colonies part of the homeland of France, especially after the French Revolution.","PeriodicalId":161627,"journal":{"name":"Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Postcolonial Review on Jamaica Kincaid's Novella Lucy 牙买加金凯德长篇小说《露西》的后殖民评论
Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.54132/akaf.1403137
Kanan Aghasiyev
{"title":"A Postcolonial Review on Jamaica Kincaid's Novella Lucy","authors":"Kanan Aghasiyev","doi":"10.54132/akaf.1403137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54132/akaf.1403137","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines Jamaica Kincaid’s novel Lucy within the context of postcolonial literature, exploring the profound impact of colonial legacies on the main character, Lucy, and her experiences in a postcolonial world. Written by Jamaica Kincaid, a native of Antigua, the novel delves into the complexities of postcolonial identity, juxtaposing the concepts of independence and freedom. Antigua, as one of the last countries to gain independence in 1981, serves as a backdrop, illustrating the stark contrast between the author's newly adopted home in the United States and her memories of Antigua, marked by a history of suppression and oppression. Lucy, the novel's central character, carries the weight of her colonial past, a burden manifested through her constant reflection on her homeland. As a character who has never resided in a white-dominated society, she grapples with navigating a world replete with stereotypes about individuals of black and brown ethnicity. This essay aims to critically analyse Lucy from a postcolonial perspective, providing specific examples from the novel to illuminate the enduring impact of colonialism on the protagonist's identity and her journey towards self-discovery in a complex postcolonial landscape.","PeriodicalId":161627,"journal":{"name":"Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi","volume":"75 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139179400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CONTOURS OF AFRICAN DEMOCRACY: A NARRATIVE OF TAILORING GOVERNANCE TO LOCAL REALITIES– A GHANAIAN ODYSSEY 非洲民主的轮廓：使治理符合当地实际情况的叙述--加纳的奥德赛
Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.54132/akaf.1376487
Harun ABUBAKAR SİDDİQUE
{"title":"CONTOURS OF AFRICAN DEMOCRACY: A NARRATIVE OF TAILORING GOVERNANCE TO LOCAL REALITIES– A GHANAIAN ODYSSEY","authors":"Harun ABUBAKAR SİDDİQUE","doi":"10.54132/akaf.1376487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54132/akaf.1376487","url":null,"abstract":"Democracy, as a system of government where the people have a say in the running of the affairs of the state, has been advocated largely by Western intellectuals and policymakers alike. Having taken root and bearing roots in Europe and beyond, it seems democracy offers some sort of hope and opportunity. However, for the African continent, this hope and opportunity continue to elude the people. This paper argues as its central point that for democracy to work effectively, it needs to take into consideration the cultural and traditional landscape of the region, state, or area where it is being implemented. The paper mentions the subjective nature of democracy and where its features or characteristics intersect. Africa as a continent must see and view democracy as such and go on to feature their traditions in their respective states. The paper mentions the efforts Ghana made (although with little democratic dividends) towards this argument and what happened to it.","PeriodicalId":161627,"journal":{"name":"Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139182543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE IMPLICATIONS OF ARTISANAL SMALL-SCALE MINING AND FOOD SECURITY IN ZIMBABWE. 津巴布韦小规模手工采矿和粮食安全的影响。
Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.54132/akaf.1394845
Weston Marume
{"title":"THE IMPLICATIONS OF ARTISANAL SMALL-SCALE MINING AND FOOD SECURITY IN ZIMBABWE.","authors":"Weston Marume","doi":"10.54132/akaf.1394845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54132/akaf.1394845","url":null,"abstract":"Like many sub-Saharan African countries, Zimbabwe's economy and household livelihoods have traditionally been anchored on agriculture and farming. However, a radical shift has been witnessed, resulting in unprecedented growth in artisanal and small-scale mining. Various theories attempted to explain this phenomenon, including agricultural poverty due to climate change, rising prices of minerals, and economic decline, among others. The rapid growth in artisanal and small-scale mining has both positive and negative implications for food smallholder farming and ultimately all the dimensions of food security. Based on the literature review method, this essay, therefore, examines the nexus between artisanal and small-scale mining and food security. This study is important in shaping policies that strike a balance between food security and other economic activities that support livelihoods, specifically for vulnerable communities, in a sustainable manner.","PeriodicalId":161627,"journal":{"name":"Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi","volume":"77 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139184171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
History of the Republic of Venice The Serenissima From the Origins to the Fall 威尼斯共和国史 从起源到衰落的威尼斯共和国
Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.54132/akaf.1339639
Emre Kaymakçi
{"title":"History of the Republic of Venice The Serenissima From the Origins to the Fall","authors":"Emre Kaymakçi","doi":"10.54132/akaf.1339639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54132/akaf.1339639","url":null,"abstract":"Riccardo Calimani, the author of the book that is being introduced and evaluated, is known especially with his writing on especially Jewish History after graduated from the department of Electronic Engineering at the Universita di Padua and the department of Philosoph of Science at the Universita Ca’Foscari. He has written to those books about Jewry: Storia del ghetto di Venezia (Mondadori 2000), Gesu ebreo (Mondadori 2001) and Storia dell’ebreo errante (Mondadori 2002). He was awarded the Ministry of Culture in 1986 and the European Award in 1997 as well as his numerous books and articles. Also, he has written three novels on Venice.","PeriodicalId":161627,"journal":{"name":"Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139185496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DYNAMICS OF RADICALIZATION AND PARTICIPATION IN ISWAP IN THE LAKE CHAD BASIN 查德湖盆地激进化和参与国际水文计划的动态
Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi Pub Date : 2023-11-25 DOI: 10.54132/akaf.1392216
Osman Türk
{"title":"DYNAMICS OF RADICALIZATION AND PARTICIPATION IN ISWAP IN THE LAKE CHAD BASIN","authors":"Osman Türk","doi":"10.54132/akaf.1392216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54132/akaf.1392216","url":null,"abstract":"Bu çalışma Afrika-Çad Gölü Havzasında, radikal bir örgüt olan ISWAP’a katılımın temel dinamiklerini eleştirel bir yaklaşım ile ele almayı hedeflemiştir. Bu katılım süreci Randy Borum’un dört aşamalı radikalleşme modeli üzerinden analiz edilmiştir. Afrika Çad Gölü Havzası başta sömürgecilik olmak üzere iklimin de negatif çarpan etkisi ile kronik savunmasızlığa açık hale gelmiştir. Bölgenin kırılgan ve gözenekli yapısı; yoksulluk, genç nüfus arasında yükselen işsizlik, kabileler arası mücadele, merkezi otorite tarafından dışlanmışlık, askeri müdahaleler gibi içsel, sömürgecilik gibi dışsal gerekçelerle terör örgütlerinin odağı haline dönüşmüştür. Bu kırılganlık bölgedeki gözenekli yapıyı belirginleştirmiş, ISWAP gibi radikal örgütlere, bölge içi derinleşme ve genişleme fırsatı sunmuştur. DEAŞ’ın Batı Afrika temsilcisi olarak varlığını ilan eden ISWAP bu gerekçe ile DEAŞ’ın küresel bağlantı ağını ve popülaritesini kullanma hakkını elde etmiş ve örgüte Batı Afrika eyaletlerine yayılma olanağı sunmuştur. Sonuç olarak ISWAP bölgede etkinliğini derinleştirmek ve örgüte katılımı arttırmak için bölgenin mücadele ettiği problemleri birer taraftar toplama stratejisine dönüştürmüş ve bu süreçte dini argümanları hem motivasyon hem de meşrulaştırma dayanağı olarak kullanmıştır. Fakat örgüte katılımın temel dayanağını dini gerekçelerden ziyade iktisadi, siyasi ve toplumsal temeller oluşturmuştur.","PeriodicalId":161627,"journal":{"name":"Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139236871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
NİJERYA'DA SEÇİMLERİN ASKERİLEŞTİRİLMESİ: DEMOKRATİK BÜYÜME İÇİN BİR BANE
Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi Pub Date : 2023-06-25 DOI: 10.54132/akaf.1311265
Ovigwe Eguegu, Maryanne Iwara
{"title":"NİJERYA'DA SEÇİMLERİN ASKERİLEŞTİRİLMESİ: DEMOKRATİK BÜYÜME İÇİN BİR BANE","authors":"Ovigwe Eguegu, Maryanne Iwara","doi":"10.54132/akaf.1311265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54132/akaf.1311265","url":null,"abstract":"Since the return to democracy in 1999, elections in Nigeria have been an integral component of the democratization process and a necessary exercise for good governance. However, in successive elections, the procedures and periods of electioneering have often been fraught with threats and risks of electoral violence, which has significantly contributed to undoing long and hard-fought democratic gains. Furthermore, incumbent leaders have been accused of using state power to intimidate opposition candidates and their support base, with election processes being abused by some African governments to impose undemocratic practices. \u0000 \u0000This paper focuses on the role of the military in influencing elections in Nigeria. It uses the 2019 and 2023 general elections in Nigeria as case studies. This paper argues that using the military in elections not only lacks a constitutional basis but contributes to electoral violence, deaths and destruction of property.","PeriodicalId":161627,"journal":{"name":"Akdeniz Havzası ve Afrika Medeniyetleri Dergisi","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124962313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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