Journal of Laboratory Physicians最新文献

{"title":"Utility of Prostate-Specific Antigen Isoforms and Prostate Health Index in the Diagnosis of Metastatic Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Govinda Nanjaiah Laxmana Raju,&nbsp;Parineetha P Bhat,&nbsp;Siddavaram Nagini","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  The current study was undertaken to investigate the utility of total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), its isoform [-2] proPSA (p2PSA), and prostate health index (PHI) in the diagnosis of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). <b>Materials and Methods</b>  This study was conducted from March 2016 to May 2019. Eighty-five subjects who were diagnosed with PCa for the first time, following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy, were included in the study. The prebiopsy blood samples were analyzed in Beckman Coulter Access-2 Immunoanalyzer for tPSA, p2PSA, and free PSA (fPSA), and the calculated parameters included %p2PSA, %fPSA, and PHI. Mann-Whitney's <i>U</i> test was used as test of significance, and <i>p</i> -value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. <b>Results</b>  Of the 85 participants, 81.2% ( <i>n</i>  = 69) had evidence of metastasis, both clinically and pathologically. The median tPSA (ng/mL), p2PSA (pg/mL), %p2PSA, and PHI were significantly higher in the group with evidence of metastasis (46.5 vs. 13.76; 198.0 vs. 35.72; 3.25 vs. 1.51; 237.58 vs. 59.74, respectively). The sensitivity (%), specificity (%), negative predictive value (%), and positive predictive value (%) to diagnose metastatic PCa of tPSA at a cutoff of 20 ng/mL, PHI at a cutoff of 55, and %p2PSA at a cutoff of 1.66 were 92.7, 98.5, and 94.2; 37.5, 43.7, and 62.5; 54.5, 87.5, and 71.4; and 86.4, 88.3, and 91.5, respectively. <b>Conclusion</b>  Using tests such as %p2PSA and PHI in the standard armamentarium for the diagnosis of metastatic PCa in addition to PSA will help in selecting the appropriate treatment strategy, including active surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laboratory Physicians","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ad/09/10-1055-s-0042-1757723.PMC10264117.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9659450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Hypocalcemia and Outcome in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Bhagwan Singh Patidar,&nbsp;Tapasyapreeti Mukhopadhyay,&nbsp;Arulselvi Subramanian,&nbsp;Richa Aggarwal,&nbsp;Kapil Dev Soni,&nbsp;Neeraj Nischal,&nbsp;Debasis Sahoo,&nbsp;Surbhi Surbhi,&nbsp;Naveet Wig,&nbsp;Ravindra Mohan Pandey,&nbsp;Rajesh Malhotra,&nbsp;Anjan Trikha","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Calcium has been shown to play a vital role in the pathophysiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus diseases, but less is known about hypocalcemia in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and its association with the disease severity and the final outcome. Therefore, this study was conducted with an aim to assess clinical features in COVID-19 patients having hypocalcemia and to observe its impact on COVID-19 disease severity and the final outcome. <b>Methods</b>  In this retrospective study, consecutive COVID-19 patients of all age groups were enrolled. Demographical, clinical, and laboratory details were collected and analyzed. On the basis of albumin-corrected calcium levels, patients were classified into normocalcemic ( <i>n</i>  = 51) and hypocalcemic ( <i>n</i>  = 110) groups. Death was the primary outcome. <b>Results</b>  The mean age of patients in the hypocalcemic group was significantly lower ( <i>p</i>  < 0.05). A significantly higher number of hypocalcemic patients had severe COVID-19 infection (92.73%; <i>p</i>  < 0.01), had comorbidities (82.73%, <i>p</i>  < 0.05), and required ventilator support (39.09%; <i>p</i>  < 0.01) compared with normocalcemic patients. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the hypocalcemic patients (33.63%; <i>p</i>  < 0.05). Hemoglobin ( <i>p</i>  < 0.01), hematocrit ( <i>p</i>  < 0.01), and red cell count ( <i>p</i>  < 0.01) were significantly lower with higher levels of absolute neutrophil count (ANC; <i>p</i>  < 0.05) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR; <i>p</i>  < 0.01) in the hypocalcemic patients. Albumin-corrected calcium levels had a significant positive correlation with hemoglobin levels, hematocrit, red cell count, total protein, albumin, and albumin-to-globulin ratio and a significant negative correlation with ANC and NLR. <b>Conclusion</b>  The disease severity, ventilator requirement, and mortality were considerably higher in hypocalcemic COVID-19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laboratory Physicians","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ea/16/10-1055-s-0042-1757415.PMC10264125.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9647090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Glycated Albumin Levels: A Comparative Study in Nondiabetic Subjects with Iron Deficiency Anemia.","authors":"Pralayakaveri Jyothsna,&nbsp;Musturu M Suchitra,&nbsp;Medooru Kusuma Kumari,&nbsp;C Chandrasekhar,&nbsp;Nandyala Rukmangadha,&nbsp;Sachan Alok,&nbsp;Bhattaram Siddhartha Kumar","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), used for monitoring glycemia control, is altered in iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Glycated albumin (GA) is considered an alternate biomarker to HbA1c. However, effect of IDA on GA needs to be studied. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  Thirty nondiabetic cases with IDA and 30 healthy controls were included. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), creatinine, urea, albumin, total protein, ferritin, iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, hemoglobin (Hb), HbA1c, complete hemogram, and GA were estimated. Transferrin saturation and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) were calculated. Statistical analysis was done using unpaired two-tailed <i>t</i> -test/Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> -test and Pearson's correlation/Spearman-rank correlation, as appropriate. <b>Results</b>  Total protein, albumin, Hb, iron, ferritin, and transferrin saturation were significantly lower while FPG, GA, TIBC, and HbA1c were significantly higher in cases compared to controls. HbA1C and GA have a significant negative correlation with iron, transferrin saturation, and ferritin. Significant negative correlations of GA with albumin ( <i>r</i>  = -0.754; <i>p</i>  < 0.001) and Hb ( <i>r</i>  = -0.435; <i>p</i>  = 0.001) and that of HbA1c with albumin ( <i>r</i>  = -0.271; <i>p</i>  = 0.03) and Hb ( <i>r</i>  = -0.629; <i>p</i>  < 0.001) while significant positive correlation of Hb with albumin ( <i>r</i>  = 0.395; <i>p</i>  = 0.002) and HbA1c with FPG ( <i>r</i>  = 0.415; <i>p</i>  = 0.001) were observed. <b>Conclusion</b>  Low albumin levels increase plasma protein glycation, including albumin. Hence, elevated GA levels indicate false elevation of GA in scenario of lowered albumin observed in IDA, similar to HbA1c. Thus, using GA in diabetes mellitus with IDA should be avoided or used with caution to prevent potentially inappropriate treatment intensification and risk of hypoglycemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":16149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laboratory Physicians","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/96/b0/10-1055-s-0042-1757589.PMC10264113.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9653276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pure Red Cell Aplasia Encountered in a Tertiary Care Hematology Laboratory: A Series of Nine Distinctive Cases.","authors":"Mansi Kala,&nbsp;Kunal Das,&nbsp;Avriti Baveja,&nbsp;Manish Raturi,&nbsp;Meghali Dhebane,&nbsp;Sohaib Ahmad,&nbsp;Mansi Mehrotra","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is characterized by severe anemia with reticulocytopenia and bone marrow erythroblastopenia. The early erythroblasts are markedly decreased; however, in rare instances, they may be normal or raised in number. There are varied etiologies, namely congenital or acquired and primary or secondary. The congenital PRCA is known as \"Diamond-Blackfan anemia.\" Thymomas, autoimmune disease, lymphomas, infections, and drugs also may be familiar associates. However, the etiologies of PRCA are numerous, and many diseases/infections can be associated with PRCA. The diagnosis rests on clinical suspicion and appropriate laboratory workup. We evaluated nine cases of red cell aplasia, having severe anemia with reticulocytopenia. Nearly half of the cases showed adequate erythroid (> 5% of the differential count) but with a maturation arrest. The adequacy of the erythroid could confuse the hematologist and may even delay the diagnosis. Hence, it is empirical that PRCA could be considered a differential in every case of severe anemia with reticulocytopenia, even in the presence of adequate erythroid precursors in the bone marrow.</p>","PeriodicalId":16149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laboratory Physicians","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b9/03/10-1055-s-0042-1757584.PMC10264118.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9656254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological Evaluation of Angiogenic Markers in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.","authors":"Priyanka Singh,&nbsp;Anita Tahlan,&nbsp;Harsh Mohan,&nbsp;Ram Singh","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1760400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1760400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Angiogenesis plays a key role in the development, maintenance, and progression of tumor. The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is increasing from the past three decades. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  The aim of the study is to evaluate microvessel density (MVD) using CD34 monoclonal antibody and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using monoclonal antibody that were studied in pretreatment paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 60 cases. <b>Results</b>  MVD was found to be increased in parallel with increasing grade of tumor. B-NHL had a mean MVD of 79.5 ± 8.8 (no./mm ² ), while T-NHL had a mean MVD of 183 ± 37.6 (no./mm ² ). VEGF expression was seen in 42 cases (70%), 20 cases (33.3%) showed strong VEGF expression, and the remainder showed either weak (36.6%) or no (30%) staining. Strong VEGF expression is seen in 100% cases of T-NHL and 77.7% cases of B-NHL. Mean MVD and VEGF expression was found to be correlated significantly with the histological grade of NHL ( <i>p</i>  = 0.001 and <i>p</i>  = 0.000, respectively). Average microvessel counts were 53, 82.9, and 130.8 vessels (no./mm ² ) for negative, weak, and strong VEGF staining, respectively. These differences were statistically significant ( <i>p</i>  = 0.005 for strong vs. negative and <i>p</i>  = 0.091 for strong vs. weak VEGF staining individually). <b>Conclusion</b> As the grade of tumor progresses, the angiogenic potential also advances which seems to depend on VEGF. The presence of higher MVD in high-grade lymphomas can be utilized for antiangiogenic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laboratory Physicians","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/98/a7/10-1055-s-0042-1760400.PMC10264129.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9659445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of a Novel G2603T Mutation in cfr Harboring Linezolid-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i> : First Report from India.","authors":"Rhea Michelle J Khodabux,&nbsp;Shanthi Mariappan,&nbsp;Uma Sekar","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>   <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i> has emerged as an important multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen. Linezolid is useful in the treatment of severe infections caused by methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococci</i> . Resistance to linezolid in <i>Staphylococci</i> is due to one or more of the following mechanisms: acquisition of the <i>cfr</i> (chloramphenicol florfenicol resistance) gene, mutation in the central loop of domain V of the 23S rRNA, and mutation in the <i>rplC</i> and <i>rplD</i> genes. This study was carried out to detect and characterize resistance to linezolid among the clinical isolates of <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i> . <b>Materials and Methods</b>  The study included 84 clinical isolates of <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i> . Susceptibility to various antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by agar dilution method for linezolid. Methicillin resistance was screened using oxacillin and cefoxitin disc. Polymerase chain reaction was done to detect <i>mecA, cfr</i> and mutations in the V domain of the 23S rRNA gene. <b>Results</b>  Resistance to linezolid was exhibited by 3 of the 84 study isolates with MIC more than 128 µg/mL. The <i>cfr</i> gene was detected in all the three isolates. The G2603T mutation was observed in the domain V of the 23S rRNA among two isolates, whereas one isolate lacked any mutation. <b>Conclusion</b>  The emergence and spread of linezolid-resistant <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i> isolates carrying G2603T mutation in the domain V of the 23S rRNA and harboring the <i>cfr</i> gene pose a threat in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":16149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laboratory Physicians","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/49/fb/10-1055-s-0042-1757419.PMC10264111.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9656252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do We Need Pakistan-Specific Reference Ranges in Laboratory Medicine?","authors":"Muhammad Saeed,&nbsp;Usman Waheed,&nbsp;Akhlaaq Wazeer,&nbsp;Noore Saba","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1760669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1760669","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence-based laboratory medicine is indispensable for health care practices. Reference values or reference ranges are necessary for the interpretation of clinical laboratory tests and subsequent patient care. Nearly 70% of medical decisions by physicians are solely based on information provided by laboratory test results.1 As a preliminary investigation into the topic of reference ranges, Gräsbeck and Fellman published a study in 1968 titled “Normal Value and Statistics”.2 The term “reference values” was used as a result of the realization that the concept of “normal values” was insufficient and even partially inaccurate in later years. A test result by itself is of little significance exceptwhen it is reported with adequate information for its interpretation. Classically, this information is delivered in the form of a reference range or reference interval or normal value. According to the recommendations by International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC), the term “interval” is preferred to “range.”3 The term “range” should only relate to the difference between an interval’s upper and lower limits. For instance, the sodium content in serum would have a reference range of 10mmol/L and a reference interval of 135 to 145mmol/L. Comparison of a patient’s laboratory test result versus a reference or “normal” range is vital to medical decisionmaking. Physicians compare laboratory report values to specified reference ranges tomake decisions about a person’s health status in clinical diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. Reference ranges are also required by professional accreditation and regulatory bodies such as International Organization for Standardization 15189 which recommends that each laboratory should reevaluate its own reference interval on a regular basis.3 Likewise, in the European Directive 98/79 on in vitro diagnostic medical devices, diagnostic kit producers are required to give their customers the proper reference intervals to use with their assay kit reagents.4 Unfortunately, due to the challenges involved in obtaining a sufficient number of healthy people and the high cost of sample analysis, the majority of clinical laboratories are unable to develop their own reference ranges.5 For reference range formulation, a preselected reference population is sampled, measurements are taken, and then reference ranges are calculated according to the direct approach, a classic way to produce reference values.6 The use of normal laboratory data recorded in the laboratory information system to derive reference intervals in an indirect one has, however, become more and more popular. The study to compare the traditional (direct) and alternative (indirect) methodologies for the determination of reference intervals is now being worked on by the IFCC and Laboratory Medicine CommitteeonReference Intervals andDecision Limits.Mostof the reference intervals in use refer to the central 95% of the reference population of study subjects. By definition, ","PeriodicalId":16149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laboratory Physicians","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4d/ea/10-1055-s-0042-1760669.PMC10264108.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9659447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twin Malignancy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma in a Chemotherapy-Naïve Patient: A Rare Occurrence.","authors":"Iffat Jamal,&nbsp;Shuchismita Shuchismita,&nbsp;Vijayanand Choudhary","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synchronous diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma in chemotherapy-naïve patients is a rare event and poses a serious therapeutic challenge as it imparts a poor prognosis. We report a case of concurrent AML with multiple myeloma in a 44-year-old male along with a PUBMED-based research of previously reported similar cases in published literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":16149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laboratory Physicians","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/55/2f/10-1055-s-0042-1757588.PMC10437150.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10051082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histoplasmosis of Adrenal Gland: A 5 Years' Review from a Multispecialty Diagnostic Centre.","authors":"Kumkum Bhattacharyya,&nbsp;Suranjan Pal,&nbsp;Ashis Dutta,&nbsp;Pinak Pani Bhattachryya,&nbsp;Saurabh Laskar","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>  Histoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by the dimorphic fungus <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> . Histoplasmosis is considered to be endemic to India, especially the Gangetic belt. Disseminated histoplasmosis may affect almost all systems. Disseminated histoplasmosis with asymptomatic adrenal involvement has been described in immunocompromised patients, whereas isolated adrenal involvement as the presenting manifestation in immunocompetent is uncommon. We aimed to determine the clinicopathological and radiological findings of adrenal histoplasmosis in immunocompetent patients attending a multispecialty diagnostic center referred from different clinics and hospitals. <b>Materials and Methods</b>  All tissue samples were initially examined microscopically by performing potassium hydroxide (KOH) wet mounts, followed by culture on two tubes of Sabouraud dextrose agar and phase conversion. Histopathological correlation was done using tissue stains, hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and Gomori methenamine silver. <b>Results</b>  We evaluated 84 clinically suspected cases radiologically for adrenal mass. The pathological and microbiological work-up was done from these suspected cases. A total of 19 cases were evident from the tissue stain and fungal culture methods. The affected population were mostly above 45 years and male. Seven patients had bilateral adrenal involvement. All these patients received amphotericin B and/or itraconazole treatment, which led to symptomatic improvement in most cases. <b>Conclusion</b>  Diagnosis of invasive fungal infection requires a high index of suspicion, especially in immunocompetent patients presenting with nonspecific symptoms, clinical signs, and laboratory and radiological features that often resemble adrenal neoplasms. Clinical specimens, together with fungal culture, must be sent for cytopathology/histopathology for a definite diagnosis and appropriate management.</p>","PeriodicalId":16149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laboratory Physicians","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f6/7b/10-1055-s-0042-1757587.PMC10264126.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9653275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test: Revisited in Context of COVID-19.","authors":"Erukkambattu Jayashankar,&nbsp;Ujjawal Khurana,&nbsp;Neelkamal Kapoor","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1757418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757418","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic caused by β coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV2) in which the virus binds to host cells via angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor, and the primary T cell immune response leads to recovery in asymptomatic/ mild infections. 1,2 However, in severe and critical type of illness, SARS-COV2 elicits an aberrant immune response involving interplay of events such as oxidative stress, lym-phocytic cytolysis, release of cytokines, chemotaxis, neutro-philia, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). 3 Increased levels of circulating NETs indicate neutrophil activity. The viral pathogenicity and altered immune response together led to deleterious series of events culmi-nating in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and coagulopathy. is de fi","PeriodicalId":16149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Laboratory Physicians","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b8/36/10-1055-s-0042-1757418.PMC10264120.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9653281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}