Arts and social sciences journal最新文献

{"title":"Military Regimes and Nigeria’s Economic Development, 1966-1999","authors":"P. Oyewale, Oluwaseun Samuel Osadola","doi":"10.4172/2151-6200.1000369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000369","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the military regimes and their various efforts at developing the economy of Nigeria. Economic development and growth have little or nothing to do with military duty or responsibility in any sovereign state. They are supposed to be specialists in ammunitions and war-related strategies. The various military take-overs in Africa during the 1950s and 1960s changed the political and economic administration of the countries involved. Aside from the civil wars that affected most of these countries, economic recessions also nearly brought them to their knees. Nigeria as a major factor in Africa and West Africa politics as at this period also had her fair share of military dictatorial regimes that gave room for a complete change of administration control and nation-building. The paper which derives its data from majorly secondary source employs descriptive and analytic methods in analyzing the data of the study.","PeriodicalId":161420,"journal":{"name":"Arts and social sciences journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125800003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEDERALISM, RESTRUCTURING AND NATIONAL QUESTION IN CONTEMPORARY NIGERIA: THE WAY FORWARD","authors":"Mohammed Gd, Sulaiman Ma","doi":"10.4172/2151-6200.1000394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000394","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper examined the issues in federalism, restructuring and national question in contemporary Nigeria, and the way forward.  It is evident that Nigeria as a Sovereign State no doubt a fortune country.  Although, the political history of the country is characterized by incessant violence, political  contestation precipitated to coups and countercoups, under-development, widespread poverty, mass unemployment and near collapse of social infrastructures to human survival, corruption and moral decadence and alarming problem of insecurity, as well as the threat to Nigeria’s federalism via true federalism and secession. “Pluralist theory” is adopted as theoretical framework in guiding the analysis of this work.  The paper critically reviewed the existing literature both conceptually, empirically and thematically and relied on secondary source of data and examination of official documents as its methodology.  Major findings has it that federalism is a solution to the centralization and concentration of powers which affects transparency in some homogeneous States. The paper concludes that the existing federal structure should be maintained as captured in the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, which emphasized on the diversity of the people and promote  sense of belonging, loyalty among all the people of the federation must be enforce.  And this has rhyme with our theoretical framework earlier discussed, that guide the analysis of this work. Keywords:       Federalism,  Restructuring,  National Question, Contemporary Nigeria","PeriodicalId":161420,"journal":{"name":"Arts and social sciences journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123172431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (NGOs) IN POST-CONFLICT PEACE BUILDING IN NORTH EASTERN, NIGERIA","authors":"G. Mohammed, Abdullahi Yalwa","doi":"10.4172/2151-6200.1000395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000395","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nigeria as a sovereign state is characterized by the dynamics of crisis which slow – pace of its developments in all ramifications. The ill political will on the part of the government to address the post – conflict phenomena, particularly in north – eastern part of Nigeria, became an issue which draw the attention of the local and international community. This development specially dragged the attention of the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in handling humanitarian services at various internally displaced camps, of the region. Elite theory which hinges on the thrust that public policy is by and large the mirror image of elite interest was employed to guide the analysis of this work. Content analysis was equally used as a source of data collection and it revealed that the Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) are institution of humanitarian services characterized with some pitfalls, in the post-conflict areas of the north-eastern Nigeria. The paper critically reviewed the existing literature both conceptually and thematically and relied on secondary source of data and examination of official documents as its methodology. The paper is structured into eight interrelated compartments. The paper recommends that government should carefully scrutinize and thoroughly accredit all NGOs participating in the post-conflict areas, before granting license to operate. The paper concludes that the role of NGOs in the Post-conflict region should go/operate beyond humanitarian services, to include reconstruction and resettlement as lasting solution to the conflict. Key words: NGOs, Post-Conflict, Peace-building, North-eastern Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":161420,"journal":{"name":"Arts and social sciences journal","volume":"10 15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125481524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: AN IMPLICATION FOR THIRD WORLD STATES","authors":"Mohammed . Ghani Dass, A. Jamal","doi":"10.4172/2151-6200.1000393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000393","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Multinational Corporations and Foreign Direct Investment has been identified as agents of underdevelopment and dependency of the less develop countries, in a quest to achieve their economic motives. The institution also served as a tool in influencing the political power of the host countries, under development and dependency, theory is employed to guide the analysis of this work. The theory hinges on the fact that the multi-national corporations plays strategic role in determining production, accumulations, exploitation and politics of the world and the less develop countries in particular. The theory further explains slaves trade, colonialism and imperialism was responsible for the under development of the third world states. Content analysis is employed as a source of data collection and its revealed that the multi-national corporation/FDI are agents of both growth and underdevelopment of the host countries. The paper critically reviewed the existing literature both conceptually, empirically and thematically and relied on secondary sources of data and examination of official documents as its methodology. The paper is structured into six interrelated compartments. Also in the recommendations the role of MNCS and FDI should be inconsonant with the host country’s home grown policies and not policies from without. The major findings has it that the over reliance on the monocultural production such as oil, by the host countries is responsible for the dominant of the periphery’s economy by the multinational corporations and foreign direct investment. This is in addition to lack of political will in the part of the leaders/governments of the host countries. The paper concludes or rather recommends that the less develop countries should diversity massively to agriculture, and other sources, as an alternative to oil and other monoculture source. This is in additions to high level of exportation to international markets. Full fledge political will in the part of the host countries should be encouraged. Least or short of the above suggestions the issues raised will remain unresolved. Keywords: Multi-national Corporation, Foreign Direct Investment, Third-World.","PeriodicalId":161420,"journal":{"name":"Arts and social sciences journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129574487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resource Mobilization Theory: Political Movements in Egypt","authors":"F. abdullah","doi":"10.4172/2151-6200.1000358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000358","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the application of the resource mobilization theory (RMT) to clarify the activities of certain key socio-political movements in Egypt. It contends that the political movements in Egypt have utilized social networks sites (SNSs) as a tool for mobilizing people and coordinating anti-regime activities. It deals with certain political groups prior and throughout the revolution in Egypt, which played significant roles in recent political changes taking place in the country. This work confirmed that SNSs have become a crucial resource for political groups to bringing about collective and coordinated actions. Thus, the article elucidates the importance of RMT in the context of socio-political movements in Egypt and their subsequent influence by looking at the utilization of social media throughout political uprisings in the country. As per the RMT, the SNSs could be used as a resource for promoting and succeeding anti-government political groups, which subsequently ended the regime","PeriodicalId":161420,"journal":{"name":"Arts and social sciences journal","volume":"76 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134393380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facebook usage of Sri Lankan consumers: consumption perspective of social media","authors":"T. Rathnayake, D. Rathnayake","doi":"10.4172/2151-6200.1000366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000366","url":null,"abstract":"Social media has become pervasive, impacting the social and cultural fabric of our society and changing the nature of social relationships. Facebook, being the second most visited website in the world and No: 01 in Sri Lanka, could be identified as a special kind of addiction today where an average user browses Facebook at least for 30 minutes a day from computers or smart devices and gets exposed to diverse content on Facebook as a habit. Marlatt, Baer, Donovan, and Kivlahan, defined addictive behavior as “a repetitive habit pattern that increases the risk of disease and/or associated personal and social problems” or “the behavior continues to occur despite volitional attempts to abstain or moderate use”. Compulsive, excessive, impulsive, uncontrolled, and indulgent were also listed instead of the term “addictive”. In this study, the researcher has attempted to investigate the relationship of compulsive consumption behavior on Facebook has with the demographic factors of individuals.","PeriodicalId":161420,"journal":{"name":"Arts and social sciences journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122710897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance of Gadaa Values and Practices in Current Development","authors":"Efa Tadesse Debele","doi":"10.4172/2151-6200.1000346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000346","url":null,"abstract":"Despite their advancement and intensiveness, existing scientific studies did not pay adequate attention to the relevance of Indigenous social values and customary practices in the current societal development context. Yet several studies agree that the implementation of modern science and technology increases the sustainability of development, while studies on the relevance of indigenous developmental values and practices are largely missing. The same scenario is observed in studying the relevance of Gada values and practices in multifaceted developments. However, empirical studies have shown that Indigenous knowledge remains important in many societies and that its importance has been increasing since the beginning of the post modernism ideas. This study dedicates to investigate the Gada values and practices associated with socio-economic wellbeing, identifying Gada values and practices that mostly concern environmental protection and to examine the relevance of Gada values and practices in current societal development. The paper employs qualitative research method to investigate indigenous knowledge importance in general and the relevance of Gada values and practices in the current societal development context in particular. Gada values and practices can have relevance in cultural development, social development, economic development and environmental protection and any other development. Even though modern elements brought opportunities in given society; it also has posed several inconveniences. Modern elements can influence society in certain desirable direction but it lacks effectiveness and sustainability. The development that ignores local indigenous knowledge may be ineffective and not satisfactory. This study indicates that indigenous developmental values and practices create profound potential that can help developmental effort so as to accelerate and sustain development and build solid ground for the societal prosperity. Furthermore, it was found that members of the society have preferences for their indigenous Gada values and practices owing to their familiarity and sense of ownership. This confirms that any development effort or project that can be launched in the area will be more viable and beneficial if appropriately exploit these opportunities.","PeriodicalId":161420,"journal":{"name":"Arts and social sciences journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127213766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Costs of Forest Parks on Local Community; Subba Sabbata Forest Park in Focus Bayissa Kisi Lemi, Lecturer at Wollega University School of Social Work, Ethiopia","authors":"B. Yissa","doi":"10.4172/2151-6200.1000348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000348","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this article is to examine the costs of forest park on local community with particular reference to Subba Sabbata Forest Park, located in West Showa zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The study community is referred to as Subba Lammaffa Community and is found in the territory under the jurisdiction of Subba Sabbata Forest Park around its administration office","PeriodicalId":161420,"journal":{"name":"Arts and social sciences journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134407503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Political: A Comparative Political Thought Speculation","authors":"Catus Brooks","doi":"10.4172/2151-6200.1000354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000354","url":null,"abstract":"When reflecting on the political in comparative political thought (CPT), it is unnecessary “to define just what ‘the political’ actually is”. For, \"the question 'what is the political?'\" can be best answered with a treatise, which is beyond our present inquiry. What progress can be made, we argue, lies in inductively analyzing the political phenomenon of pacifism. For, by specifically analyzing pacifism, we may draw generalizations relevant to sovereign decisionmakers. We used the term sovereign because questions regarding violence belong especially to sovereigns over a state, for rest content that a state has the monopoly over violence.Further, by making pacifism the subject of this speculation, assumptions regarding militarization become questionable. If political science’s foremost purpose is to regulate matters of war and the use of force, questions of pacifism must follow and assumptions of militarism must be suspected. In this inquiry, it will suffice to only go over theories of pacifism from Greek and Indian political thought. We are shooting to juxtapose pacifism from Greek ourthology and Mahatma Gandhi's Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule. For, at the very least, this will assist sovereigns in deciding upon political questions, like the appropriate spirit towards violence. To begin, we must define the meanings of pacifism, militarism, and the use of force. But, it is not enough to merely touch on pacifism in the context of Greek ourthology and Gandhi’s political thought, we must also compare the two in hope of better informing sovereign decision-makers. The above-said will serve as a plan for this essay.","PeriodicalId":161420,"journal":{"name":"Arts and social sciences journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127634952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants and Working Conditions of Child Labour: A Case Study of Children Working at Automobiles Workshop at Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Jehangir Khan, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai, K. Khan, F. M. Khan, Mubasher Rehman Khattak, Haider Ali","doi":"10.4172/2151-6200.1000332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2151-6200.1000332","url":null,"abstract":"This study has tried to inspect the determinants and working conditions of child labour in automobile workshops of Tehkal market, Peshawar (KP). Detailed descriptive analysis and multivariate analysis is undertaken to analyze the data and report findings. The results depicts that child labour in the area is a multifaceted phenomenon. Most of the children leave their schools to learn working skills for future employment security. Majority of the sampled children contribute more than 60 percent to family’s income. Most of the children has father alive and live in rental houses with their parents. More than half of the children report physical health and drug addiction problem of their fathers. The data further divulge that only 1 percent of the children are the sole bread earners of their families. The working condition of the automobile workshops is hazardous with no basic facilities. Nearly 85 percent of the children reported punishment at work place by underpaying their salaries followed by physical abuse. The multivariate analysis illustrates that low household income, literacy level, profession, household size, and paternal physical health are the major factors of child labour. The coefficients of all the variables are significant and having correct theoretical signs predicting that these variables greatly influences the wage per hour of the child.","PeriodicalId":161420,"journal":{"name":"Arts and social sciences journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128885134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}